Deck 10: Drugs Used in the Treatment of Pulmonary Diseases and Disorders

Question 1

Which condition is a contraindication to the use of cromoglycates?

A)Asthma
B)Status asthmaticus
C)Allergic rhinitis
D)Allergic dermatitis

Answer 1

Status asthmaticus

Question 2

When using chronic oral corticosteroids to treat asthma,which of the following electrolytes should be monitored?

A)Sodium
B)Calcium
C)Phosphate
D)Potassium

Answer 2

Potassium

Question 3

What is the appropriate dose of tiotropium (Spiriva)when treating chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)?

A)10 mcg once a day
B)10 mcg twice a day
C)18 mcg once a day
D)18 mcg twice a day

Answer 3

18 mcg once a day

Question 4

Which of the following is a muscle skeletal adverse reaction that can occur when taking cromoglycates?

A)Muscle pain
B)Joint pain
C)Tendinitis
D)Muscle atrophy

Question 5

What is the duration of action for all long-acting beta agonists?

A)4 hours
B)8 hours
C)12 hours
D)16 hours

Question 6

Short-acting beta-2 agonists are metabolized via:

A)Small bowel.
B)Kidneys.
C)Large bowel.
D)Liver.

Question 7

When a patient is taking oral corticosteroids,which other medication may need to be adjusted?

A)simvastatin (Zocor)
B)insulin
C)minoxidil (Loniten)
D)metoprolol (Lopressor)

Question 8

Oral corticosteroids are secreted via:

A)Bile.
B)Urine.
C)Feces.
D)Multiple organs.

Question 9

When using beta-2 receptor agonists,the patient should undergo periodic measurement of:

A)Intraocular pressure.
B)Glucose level.
C)Urine specific gravity.
D)Liver function.

Question 10

What is the half-life of prednisone?

A)1.5 to 2.5 hours
B)2 to 3 hours
C)2.5 to 3.5 hours
D)3 to 4 hours

Question 11

Long-acting beta agonists interact with which of the following?

A)Alpha blockers
B)Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors
C)Beta-adrenergic blockers
D)Calcium channel blockers

Question 12

Which substance increases xanthine derivative levels?

A)St.John's Wort
B)capsaicin
C)melatonin
D)chondroitin

Question 13

The initial response after using cromoglycates may occur in:

A)4 to 8 hours.
B)4 to 8 days.
C)4 to 8 weeks.
D)4 to 8 months.

Question 14

One common dermatological side effect of long-term use of oral prednisone is:

A)Acne.
B)Contact dermatitis.
C)Oral herpes simplex.
D)Tinea capitis.

Question 15

Xanthine derivatives are excreted via:

A)Skin.
B)Liver.
C)Kidneys.
D)Feces.

Question 16

Which option is a possible adverse effect of an anticholinergic?

A)Worsening of hypertension
B)Bronchospasm
C)Blurry vision
D)Worsening of glaucoma

Question 17

Beclomethasone (QVAR)is excreted primarily via:

A)Multiple organs.
B)Feces.
C)Urine.
D)Bile.

Question 18

Which substance is a xanthine derivative?

A)metaproterenol (Alupent)
B)bitolterol (Tornalate)
C)terbutaline (Brethine)
D)theophylline

Question 19

Which option is a contraindication to the use of anticholinergics?

A)Prostate enlargement
B)Hematuria
C)Caffeine use
D)Osteoporosis

Question 20

What is the mechanism of action of long-acting beta agonists?

A)Stimulation of beta-2 antagonist receptors in the lungs,resulting in a relaxation of bronchial smooth muscle
B)Stimulation of beta-2 adrenergic receptors in the lungs,resulting in a relaxation of bronchial smooth muscle
C)Stimulation of beta-2 adrenergic receptors in the lungs,resulting in a contraction of bronchial smooth muscle
D)Decreased stimulation of beta-2 adrenergic receptors in the lungs,resulting in a relaxation of bronchial smooth muscle

Question 21

When salmeterol (Serevent)is used to treat exercise-induced asthma,how should it be dosed?

A)One inhalation 5 minutes before exercise
B)One inhalation 10 minutes before exercise
C)One inhalation 20 minutes before exercise
D)One inhalation 30 minutes before exercise

Question 22

A common adverse reaction when using a codeine-based antitussive is:

A)Hypertension.
B)Headache.
C)Insomnia.
D)Constipation.

Question 23

What is the mechanism of action of omalizumab?

A)Selectively binds to human immunoglobulin E (IgE)receptors on mast cells and eosinophils
B)Blocks the production of leukotriene B4,another arachidonic acid metabolite with proinflammatory activity
C)Performs as a selective competitive antagonist of the cysteinyl-leukotriene receptor and another receptor D4
D)Prevents the release of mediators of type 1 allergic reactions,including histamine

Question 24

Patients should not take albuterol/ipratropium if they are allergic to:

A)Alcohol.
B)Milk.
C)Peanuts.
D)Oranges.

Question 25

Montelukast can be used to treat chronic asthma in which age group?

A)Children age 1 and older
B)Children age 5 years and older
C)Children age 7 years and older
D)Children age 12 years and older

Question 26

Which drug decreases plasma levels of zafirlukast (Accolate)?

A)aspirin
B)ibuprofen (Advil)
C)ampicillin
D)erythromycin

Question 27

Which item decreases absorption of antihistamines?

A)Antacids
B)Peanuts
C)Aspirin
D)Alcohol

Question 28

How is omalizumab (Xolair)given?

A)Orally
B)Intravenously
C)Transdermally
D)Subcutaneously

Question 29

What is a common dosage for antitussives?

A)5 to 10 mg every 4 hours
B)10 to 20 mg every 4 hours
C)20 to 30 mg every 4 hours
D)30 to 40 mg every 4 hours

Question 30

Antitussives are excreted via:

A)Bile.
B)Gut.
C)Skin.
D)Urine.

Question 31

Oxygenase inhibitors are metabolized via:

A)Liver.
B)Small intestine.
C)Kidney.
D)Pancreas.

Question 32

Codeine is an antitussive with a potential for:

A)Lacrimation.
B)Diarrhea.
C)Urinary frequency.
D)Abuse.

Question 33

Loratadine (Claritin)is used to treat:

A)Allergic rhinitis.
B)Asthma.
C)Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
D)Exercise-induced asthma.

Question 34

How is albuterol/ipratropium (Combivent)typically taken?

A)1 or 2 inhalations every 4 to 6 hours
B)1 or 2 inhalations every 12 hours
C)1 or 2 inhalations every 24 hours
D)2 to 4 inhalations every 4 to 6 hours

Question 35

Which drug is considered a mast cell stabilizer?

A)zafirlukast (Accolate)
B)montelukast (Singulair)
C)zileuton (Zyflo CR)
D)nedocromil (Tilade)

Question 36

Food may delay absorption of which antihistamine?

A)diphenhydramine (Benadryl)
B)loratadine (Claritin)
C)fexofenadine (Allegra)
D)cetirizine (Zyrtec)

Question 37

Antitussives are contraindicated in patients who use:

A)Monoamine oxidase inhibitors.
B)Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors.
C)Tricyclics.
D)Wellbutrin.

Question 38

Antihistamines are rapidly absorbed after:

A)Intranasal administration.
B)Oral administration.
C)Subcutaneous administration.
D)Transdermal administration.

Question 39

Which of the following describes the mechanism of action of zafirlukast?

A)Selective competitive inhibitor of leukotriene receptors D4 and E4
B)Nonselective competitive inhibitor of leukotriene receptors D4 and E4
C)Selective competitive agonist of leukotriene receptors D4 and E4
D)Nonselective competitive agonist of leukotriene receptors D4 and E4

Question 40

When patients take ciclesonide (Omnaris)for seasonal rhinitis,improvements in symptoms should be seen in:

A)2 to 3 days.
B)1 to 2 weeks.
C)2 to 3 weeks.
D)5 weeks.