Deck 7: Drugs Used to Regulate Blood Pressure

Question 1

Amlodipine is a popular drug used to treat hypertension.What is its trade name?

A)Cardizem
B)Corgard
C)Tenormin
D)Norvasc

Answer 1

Norvasc

Question 2

Which drug should be avoided when treating a patient with hypertension who has asthma?

A)digoxin (Lanoxin)
B)metoprolol (Lopressor)
C)enalapril (Vasotec)
D)prazosin (Minipress)

Answer 2

metoprolol (Lopressor)

Question 3

Thiazide diuretics act in the distal convoluted tubule,where they block transport of which of the following?

A)Na+
B)Na+ and Cl-
C)K+
D)Na+ and K+

Answer 3

Na+ and Cl-

Question 4

A "lupus-like syndrome" can occur with high dosages of which drug?

A)alpha methyldopa
B)clonidine (Catapres)
C)hydralazine (Apresoline)
D)nitroprusside (Nitropress)

Question 5

Which of the following drugs should not be used to treat hypertension in pregnant females?

A)losartan (Cozaar)
B)verapamil (Calan,Isoptin)
C)diltiazem (Cardizem)
D)labetalol (Trandate;Normodyne)

Question 6

Which of the following should not be used in a hypertensive patient who also suffers from gout?

A)ACEI
B)Beta-adrenergic blocker
C)Calcium channel blocker
D)Diuretic

Question 7

Drugs that have an "olol" on the end of their generic name are in a class known as:

A)Beta-adrenergic blockers.
B)ACEIs.
C)Calcium channel blockers.
D)Diuretics.

Question 8

A hypertensive patient with migraines,ischemic heart disease,or congestive heart failure would benefit most from which of the following medications?

A)Diuretics
B)ACEIs
C)Calcium channel blockers
D)Beta-adrenergic blockers

Question 9

What is the mechanism of action of spironolactone (Aldactone)?

A)It is a direct antagonist of aldosterone.
B)It is a phosphodiesterase inhibitor.
C)It is a nonselective beta adrenoreceptor antagonist.
D)It is an alpha adrenoreceptor agonist.

Question 10

Although beta-adrenergic blockers are commonly used to decrease blood pressure,what effect can they have on serum lipid patterns?

A)Increase high-density lipoproteins (HDLs)
B)Decrease HDLs
C)Increase low-density lipoproteins (LDLs)
D)Decrease LDLs

Question 11

African-American patients with hypertension tend to respond well to which therapeutic class of medications?

A)Beta-adrenergic blockers
B)Calcium channel blockers
C)ACEIs
D)Alpha blockers

Question 12

Which drug is a potassium-sparing diuretic?

A)furosemide (Lasix)
B)spironolactone (Aldactone)
C)thiazide
D)hydrochlorothiazide (Ezide)

Question 13

Rebound hypertension can occur following abrupt withdrawal of:

A)verapamil (Isoptin).
B)clonidine (Catapres).
C)diltiazem (Cardizem).
D)losartan (Cozaar).

Question 14

What is the most common side effect of thiazide diuretics?

A)Potassium depletion
B)Decreased plasma lipids
C)Arterial vasodilatation
D)Constipation

Question 15

What is one of the most common reasons patients demonstrate treatment failure of hypertension?

A)Drug interactions of combination therapy diminish drug benefits
B)Compliance failure
C)Tolerance to the drug's mechanism of action
D)Pharmacokinetic (ADME)parameters are interrupted when multiple drugs are used

Question 16

A patient says she is on a high blood pressure medication but does not remember the name.She complains that the drug is causing her to suffer a skin rash and a cough.Which of the following is she most likely taking?

A)nifedipine (Procardia)
B)captopril (Capoten)
C)propranolol (Inderal)
D)prazosin (Minipress)

Question 17

One advantage of treating a patient with irbesartan (Avapro)instead of enalapril (Vasotec)is that irbesartan:

A)Is available generically and cheaper.
B)Does not produce dry cough.
C)Has nearly 100% bioavailability.
D)Does not produce renal toxicity.

Question 18

Which drugs can be used alone or in combination with other classes to manage hypertension but can also be used to reduce the frequency and severity of chronic,stable angina?

A)Calcium channel blockers
B)ACEIs
C)Angiotensin receptor blockers
D)Alpha antagonists

Question 19

The antihypertensive effects of alpha-adrenergic blockers,such as prazosin (Minipress),Hytrin (Terazosin),and doxazosin (Cardura),are due to:

A)Reduced cardiac output.
B)Increased cardiac output.
C)Reduced peripheral resistance.
D)Increased peripheral resistance.

Question 20

When giving intravenously during a hypertensive emergency,which drug has an immediate onset of action and a duration of action that lasts 2 to 3 minutes?

A)nicardipine (Cardene)
B)fenoldopam
C)labetalol (Trandate;Normodyne)
D)nitroprusside (Nitropress)

Question 21

Which drug is typically reserved for severe to malignant hypertension that is refractory to other drugs and can cause hypertrichosis?

A)hydralazine (Apresoline)
B)minoxidil (Loniten)
C)prazosin (Minipress)
D)doxazosin (Cardura)

Question 22

Which of the following is the mechanism of action of thiazide diuretics that causes a reduction of blood pressure?

A)Activation of beta adrenoceptors on the heart,which decreases cardiac output
B)Decrease in sodium and water retention,which decreases blood volume,thereby decreasing cardiac output
C)Blockage of angiotensin I from converting angiotensin II
D)Activation of alpha adrenoceptors on the heart,which decreases cardiac output

Question 23

Which drug type is not well tolerated in elderly hypertensive patients?

A)Calcium channel blockers
B)ACEIs
C)Diuretics
D)Beta-adrenergic blockers

Question 24

Which drug is not an osmotic diuretic?

A)mannitol (Osmitrol)
B)anhydrous glycerin (Osmoglyn)
C)amiloride (Midamor)
D)urea (Ureaphil)

Question 25

Which drug can be used in a hypertensive pregnant patient?

A)alpha methyldopa (Aldomet)
B)thiazide
C)ramipril (Altace)
D)candesartan (Atacand)

Question 26

Why are calcium channel blockers effective for treatment of hypertension?

A)They generally produce no significant central nervous system side effects and may also treat diseases that coexist with hypertension,such as angina.
B)They vary in the extent to which they affect different calcium channels.
C)Their antihypertensive effect may be decreased by the use of NSAIDs.
D)They have few adverse reactions.

Question 27

Which drug is manufactured from Escherichia coli using recombinant DNA technology?

A)nesiritide (Natrecor)
B)chlorthalidone (Hygroton,Thalitone)
C)indapamide (Lozol)
D)metolazone (Zaroxolyn,Mykrox)

Question 28

What is the trade name of furosemide?

A)Bumex
B)Lasix
C)Demadex
D)Edecrin

Question 29

High doses of short-acting calcium channel blockers should be avoided because of an increased risk of:

A)Asthma.
B)Fatigue.
C)Myocardial infarction.
D)Constipation.

Question 30

In which population are ACEIs most effective?

A)African Americans
B)Caucasians
C)Hispanics
D)Asians

Question 31

What percentage of patients has essential hypertension?

A)60%
B)70%
C)80%
D)90%

Question 32

An 80-year-old patient with a history of glaucoma presents with a hypertensive emergency.Which of the following drugs would be contraindicated when caring for this patient?

A)nitroprusside (Nitropress)
B)labetalol (Trandate)
C)nicardipine (Cardene)
D)fenoldopam

Question 33

Which drug is not an ACEI?

A)benazepril (Lotensin)
B)hydralazine (Apresoline)
C)quinapril (Accupril)
D)captopril (Capoten)

Question 34

Which drug is both an alpha- and beta-adrenoceptor-blocking agent?

A)prazosin (Minipress)
B)tamsulosin
C)carvedilol (Coreg)
D)amlodipine (Norvasc)

Question 35

What is the weakest type of diuretics?

A)Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
B)Osmotic diuretics
C)Potassium-sparing diuretics
D)Loop diuretics