Deck 4: Understanding Drug Dosages for Special Populations

Question 1

Geriatric patients may have unexpected reactions to medications because of

A) polypharmacy
B) dentition
C) slowed gastric mobility
D) all but b
E) a, b, and c

Answer 1

a, b, and c

Question 2

To assist the elderly with compliance

A) medications should be given at a convenient time
B) medications should be given in a convenient form
C) the reason for prescribed medications should be explained
D) all of the above
E) none of the above

Answer 2

all of the above

Question 3

Medications considered relatively safe in pregnancy are found in FDA category

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) X

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Variables that affect drug dosage and action are

A) patient size
B) diet
C) gender
D) a and b
E) all of the above

Question 5

Routine adult doses of medications are based on all of the following EXCEPT

A) ages 18 to 65
B) weight of approximately 150 pounds
C) BSA
D) possible therapeutic effects
E) all of the above

Question 6

Age is considered a reliable guide for administering medications to infants and small children.

Question 7

When the patient sees more than one physician for medical conditions, the system of checks and balances becomes even more important because of the chance of

A) polypharmacy
B) decreased patient safety
C) increased drug interactions
D) all of the above
E) none of the above

Question 8

Which of the following is least likely to be considered when prescribing medications for infants and small children?

A) height
B) environmental factors
C) familial history
D) ability to swallow
E) weight

Question 9

It is very important that the allied health professional obtain the height and weight of a pediatric patient with each visit to the physician's office.

Question 10

A person might not respond the same way each time to the same medication.

Question 11

All adverse effects of drugs taken during pregnancy are apparent at the time of the child's birth.

Question 12

The literacy level of the patient must be considered in the decision for medications ordered.

Question 13

The body's size and functional ability are more important than age in determining the dosage of most drugs.

Question 14

The allied health professional is an important factor in patient safety when more than one physician is being consulted.

Question 15

Responses to medications vary by all of the following EXCEPT

A) educational background
B) route and time of administration
C) environment
D) history of previous medication
E) drug samples

Question 16

Drugs that may cause fetal defects are called

A) potentiates
B) antagonists
C) synergists
D) teratogens
E) fetal antagonists

Question 17

When deciding on the medications that are ordered for the patient, the physician should take into account

A) literacy level of the patient
B) religious, cultural, and social beliefs
C) printed materials available from the manufacturer
D) a and b
E) all of the above

Question 18

Transdermal medications are used as a preferred route of administration for older patients because their skin is thin and well hydrated and drugs are easily absorbed.

Question 19

Factors that affect the doses of medication in the geriatric patient include all of the following EXCEPT

A) state of hydration
B) electrolyte balance
C) organ function
D) ability to comply with orders socially and economically
E) all of the above

Question 20

Chronic and debilitating conditions often lead to drug interference.

Question 21

Young children usually are not vulnerable to adverse reactions because their organ systems are immature and the body compensates.

Question 22

Language barriers do not interfere in medication therapy.

Question 23

OTC medications are safe for use during pregnancy and lactation.

Question 24

Ethnic and cultural differences influence the acceptance or refusal of medicinal treatment.

Question 25

Placebos are used for psychologic medication needs.

Question 26

A person's feelings about medications are important in patient treatment.

Question 27

Gastric motility in infants and small children is important when deciding on pediatric doses.

Question 28

Chronologic age is well correlated to the development of organ systems in children.

Question 29

Nonverbal communication is as important as verbal communication in patient compliance to medication therapy.

Question 30

Drug route, dosage, and pharmacokinetics are important in medications during pregnancy and lactation.

Question 31

Height and weight are the least important factors when considering dosages of medication for pediatric patients.

Question 32

A standard dosage of medication is common for children.

Question 33

During lactation, some drugs in maternal circulation are transferred to the infant through breast milk.

Question 34

Tetracyclines are safe for pediatric patients; therefore these drugs are often the drug of choice.

Question 35

The first trimester of pregnancy is the time of greatest risk for fetal defects and abnormalities of the embryo and fetus caused by teratogens.

Question 36

The allied health professional does not have any direct influence on the patient's compliance with medication therapy.

Question 37

Drugs may cause suppression of growth and development in children.

Question 38

Dosages for children may be calculated in milligrams per kilogram.

Question 39

The use of intramuscular injections in infants and children is different from adults because of the faster absorption of the medication in the muscle tissue.

Question 40

Ethnic perceptions of medications affect the patient's compliance with medicinal therapy.

Question 41

Obtaining medications and medical care are equally available in rural and urban areas.

Question 42

Older adults should bring a list of all medications being taken to each office visit to assist in preventing polypharmacy.

Question 43

Pediatric doses of medications are standardized.

Question 44

Stimulants should be given at the hour of sleep so the body is ready to function at a high level the next day.

Question 45

The FDA has an effect on medication administration safety during pregnancy.

Question 46

Inability to read prescription labels may lead to life-threatening situations.

Question 47

The price of medications may be a source of noncompliance, especially with older adults.

Question 48

The FDA regulations require patient education and information be provided with prescription medications.

Question 49

Illiterate patients and patients with language barriers often are embarrassed to ask for help with medication administration compliance.

Question 50

Giving written materials to patients will ensure compliance with medications.

Question 51

Medications may be given to pregnant women to cross the placenta for a therapeutic effect on the fetus.

Question 52

Family history plays no role in medication administration.

Question 53

By age 1 year, the liver and kidneys have matured sufficiently to metabolize drugs at the adult level.

Question 54

Suggesting the use of a pill container will assist with medication compliance in patients taking multiple medications at multiple times per day.

Question 55

Genetics must be considered when medications are prescribed.

Question 56

Women respond more strongly to some medications than men.

Question 57

Age is a reliable factor in prescribing medications for children.

Question 58

Recreational drugs, smoking, and alcohol are causes for teratogenic effects.

Question 59

Children over 2 years of age typically metabolize medications faster than adults.

Question 60

Children are miniature adults.

Question 61

Match the following terms and their influence on medication decisions, compliance, and administration. If the factor influences the decisions, select option "A"; if there is no influence, select option "B".
Drug dependence

A)Influence
B)No influence

Question 62

Match the following terms and their influence on medication decisions, compliance, and administration. If the factor influences the decisions, select option "A"; if there is no influence, select option "B".
Gender

A)Influence
B)No influence

Question 63

Match the following terms and their influence on medication decisions, compliance, and administration. If the factor influences the decisions, select option "A"; if there is no influence, select option "B".
Familial attitudes

A)Influence
B)No influence

Question 64

Match the following terms and their influence on medication decisions, compliance, and administration. If the factor influences the decisions, select option "A"; if there is no influence, select option "B".
Previous medical history

A)Influence
B)No influence

Question 65

Match the following terms and their influence on medication decisions, compliance, and administration. If the factor influences the decisions, select option "A"; if there is no influence, select option "B".
Genetics

A)Influence
B)No influence

Question 66

Filling medications at the same pharmacy leads to a drug profile being created and the reduction of the risk of polypharmacy.

Question 67

Match the following terms and their influence on medication decisions, compliance, and administration. If the factor influences the decisions, select option "A"; if there is no influence, select option "B".
Skin hydration

A)Influence
B)No influence

Question 68

Match the following terms and their influence on medication decisions, compliance, and administration. If the factor influences the decisions, select option "A"; if there is no influence, select option "B".
Previous medications taken

A)Influence
B)No influence

Question 69

Polypharmacy may occur when a person receives more than one medication in the same medication classes.

Question 70

Gastric motility in children and older adults has no effect on drug absorption and metabolism.

Question 71

After providing information to a patient, the allied health professional should ask the patient to restate the information and encourage asking questions as needed.

Question 72

Match the following terms and their influence on medication decisions, compliance, and administration. If the factor influences the decisions, select option "A"; if there is no influence, select option "B".
Pregnancy and lactation

A)Influence
B)No influence

Question 73

Match the following terms and their influence on medication decisions, compliance, and administration. If the factor influences the decisions, select option "A"; if there is no influence, select option "B".
Physical strength

A)Influence
B)No influence

Question 74

Match the following terms and their influence on medication decisions, compliance, and administration. If the factor influences the decisions, select option "A"; if there is no influence, select option "B".
Time medications are administered

A)Influence
B)No influence

Question 75

When medications are prescribed from different medication classes, polypharmacy is no problem.

Question 76

Match the following terms and their influence on medication decisions, compliance, and administration. If the factor influences the decisions, select option "A"; if there is no influence, select option "B".
FDA regulations

A)Influence
B)No influence

Question 77

Match the following terms and their influence on medication decisions, compliance, and administration. If the factor influences the decisions, select option "A"; if there is no influence, select option "B".
Diet preferences

A)Influence
B)No influence

Question 78

Match the following terms and their influence on medication decisions, compliance, and administration. If the factor influences the decisions, select option "A"; if there is no influence, select option "B".
Ability to pay for medications

A)Influence
B)No influence

Question 79

Match the following terms and their influence on medication decisions, compliance, and administration. If the factor influences the decisions, select option "A"; if there is no influence, select option "B".
Transportation

A)Influence
B)No influence

Question 80

Underdosing with failure to respond to treatment leads to polypharmacy.