Deck 27: Urinary System Disorders

Question 1

Which of the following is NOT true of urinary tract antiseptics?

A) The most commonly used urinary tract antiseptic is nitrofurantoin.
B) They are used for prophylaxis and treatment of upper UTIs, the primary use being in the lower urinary tract.
C) They are the first choice in treating UTIs.
D) They exert antibacterial activity in urine but have little or no systemic antibacterial effects.
E) All the above statements are true.

Answer 1

They are the first choice in treating UTIs.

Question 2

Signs of electrolyte loss include all of the following EXCEPT

A) nausea, vomiting, and stomach cramping
B) lethargy and weakness
C) muscle cramping and twitching
D) edema and constipation
E) numbness and tingling

Answer 2

edema and constipation

Question 3

Medications may discolor urine from pink to red to purple or brown.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Diuretics are used to modify kidney function.

Question 5

The oral route is the preferred way to replace fluids.

Question 6

Intravenous therapy is the only way to replace lost electrolytes.

Question 7

Electrolyte and fluid imbalances are more acute in infants, small children, and older adults.

Question 8

Which of the following statements about fluid and electrolyte balance is NOT true?

A) The amount of water excreted in urine is under the direct influence of antidiuretic hormone.
B) Three-fourths of the body's fluids are intracellular and are absolutely essential for metabolic reactions.
C) Water is a solvent in which body substances are dissolved.
D) Infants and obese persons have less fluid in their bodies than normal adults.
E) Electrolytes are solutes found in the body.

Question 9

Lower urinary tract infections are associated with all of the following symptoms EXCEPT

A) frequency and urgency
B) dysuria
C) hematuria
D) headache
E) incontinence

Question 10

Which of the following are NOT common side effects of medications for urinary tract disorders?

A) enuresis and incontinence
B) drying of secretions
C) rashes and urticaria
D) drowsiness, dizziness, and headache
E) bradycardia, tachycardia, and gastrointestinal symptoms

Question 11

Upper urinary tract infections are associated with all of the following symptoms EXCEPT

A) lower back and flank pain
B) burning and frequency of urination
C) weakness
D) fever and headache
E) nausea and vomiting

Question 12

Which of the following are NOT common symptoms of urinary tract disorders?

A) malaise, fatigue, lethargy, and anorexia
B) edema and ascites
C) hypertension and shortness of breath
D) chest pain and nausea
E) nocturia, hematuria, dysuria, urgency, and frequency

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT true of sulfonamides?

A) They are the most frequently ordered antibacterials for urinary tract infections.
B) Short-acting sulfonamides are primarily used for UTIs.
C) Those found on the market today are divided into short-acting, intermediate-acting, and long-acting drugs.
D) They are used in combination with trimethoprim for powerful antimicrobial action with uncomplicated UTIs.
E) Adverse reactions include nausea, vomiting, and rash.

Question 14

Drugs that are used to treat urinary tract infections include

A) antibacterials
B) antiseptics
C) analgesics
D) a and b
E) all of the above

Question 15

Common foods that may irritate the urinary bladder include all of the following EXCEPT

A) alcoholic beverages and tea
B) milk and milk products
C) cranberries and cranberry juice
D) apples, peaches, pineapple, strawberries, and citrus fruits
E) carbonated beverages and coffee, including decaffeinated coffee

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT true of medications used to treat overactive bladder and enuresis?

A) Medications for overactive bladder relax the bladder muscle to reduce the potential for involuntary contraction.
B) Behavioral techniques may be used temporarily for enuresis in the person with a small or spastic bladder.
C) DDAVP is antidiuretic hormone in a nasal spray used to treat enuresis in children over 6 and in the elderly.
D) Antidepressants may be used to treat enuresis in some children.
E) All of the above statements are true.

Question 17

Major electrolytes that need replacement include all of the following EXCEPT

A) sodium
B) calcium
C) chlorides
D) potassium
E) magnesium

Question 18

Some food will contribute to urinary tract discomfort.

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT true of urinary tract analgesics?

A) They may be topical or local, but these medications have no effect as antiinfectives.
B) They are used to relieve pain, burning, urgency, and frequency of urination.
C) Pyridium will not stain clothing.
D) Carbonated beverages and fruit juices should be avoided when taking urinary tract analgesics.
E) Fever may be a sign of a drug reaction in urinary tract infections.

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT true of urinary tract antispasmodics?

A) They are indicated for use in children under the age of 5 to relieve enuresis.
B) They are used to relieve urgency, frequency, incontinence, and nocturia.
C) They may be used in children with enuresis over the age of 7.
D) Side effects include vertigo, GI symptoms, drowsiness, blurred vision, and constipation.
E) All of the above statements are true.

Question 21

The main electrolyte that is lost with diuretics and requires replacement is potassium.

Question 22

When taking sulfonamides, patients do not have to worry about sunlight and sunburn.

Question 23

Short-acting sulfonamides include sulfisoxazole and sulfadiazine.

Question 24

Incontinence and enuresis are the same disorder.

Question 25

TMZ-SMZ is the abbreviation for trimethoprim-sulfonamide.

Question 26

Cardiovascular side effects do not occur with urinary tract medications.

Question 27

Prostatitis may cause urinary retention and thus UTIs in males.

Question 28

Diuretics provide diuresis.

Question 29

Symptoms of UTIs include dysuria, nocturia, and proteinuria.

Question 30

When taking sulfonamides, the patient should drink eight to ten 8-ounce glasses of water per day.

Question 31

DDVAP acts in much the same manner as antidiuretic hormone.

Question 32

Older adults and small children are at risk for dehydration from diuresing.

Question 33

Sulfonamides suppress the synthesis of folic acid.

Question 34

Calcium replacement may be necessary in postmenopausal women.

Question 35

Pentosan polysulfate is a drug specific for interstitial cystitis.

Question 36

The only intermediate acting sulfonamide is sulfamethoxazole.

Question 37

Fosfomycin is a unique antiinfective for treatment of complicated UTIs.

Question 38

Water is a solute in which body substances are dissolved.

Question 39

Skin rashes may occur as a side effect of UTI medications.

Question 40

Sulfonamides are the first choice in treating UTIs owing to the lower cost to the patient.

Question 41

DDVAP is a drug used in older adults who have enuresis.

Question 42

Match the following terms with their descriptions below.
Negatively charged ion

A)anion
B)ion
C)electrolyte
D)cation
E)replacement therapy

Question 43

Urinary tract antiseptics should be used only when sulfonamides are not effective.

Question 44

Cranberry juice is indicated to treat UTIs but may also cause irritation to the urinary tract.

Question 45

Nitrofurantoin (Furadantin) may be used for upper and lower UTIs.

Question 46

Match the following terms with their descriptions below.
Solute or particle that develops an electrical charge when dissolved in water

A)anion
B)ion
C)electrolyte
D)cation
E)replacement therapy

Question 47

Oxybutynin cures the effects of neurogenic bladder.

Question 48

Phenazopyridine has antiinfective effects.

Question 49

Urinary antispasmodics do not cause any side effects that would inhibit driving.

Question 50

Urinary incontinence is treated with urinary antispasmodics.

Question 51

Drugs for enuresis reduce incontinence, frequency, and urgency due to spasms of the smooth muscles of the bladder.

Question 52

Sulfonamides may increase the effects of warfarin and oral hypoglycemic.

Question 53

When using urinary tract antispasmodics, persons should have intraocular pressure measured at regular intervals.

Question 54

Penicillin is not indicated for UTIs.

Question 55

Match the following terms with their descriptions below.
Therapeutic replacement of lost body substances, including electrolytes

A)anion
B)ion
C)electrolyte
D)cation
E)replacement therapy

Question 56

Pyridium (phenazopyridine) is a urinary topical anesthetic.

Question 57

Match the following terms with their descriptions below.
Same as an electrolyte when found in aqueous solutions

A)anion
B)ion
C)electrolyte
D)cation
E)replacement therapy

Question 58

Cephalosporins may be used for UTIs for persons allergic to sulfa medications.

Question 59

Match the following terms with their descriptions below.
Positively charged ion

A)anion
B)ion
C)electrolyte
D)cation
E)replacement therapy

Question 60

All children with enuresis need medications to control the symptoms.

Question 61

Match the following terms with their descriptions below.
Painful urination

A)urgency
B)nocturia
C)pyuria
D)dysuria
E)diuresis

Question 62

Match the following terms with their descriptions below.
Discomfort or a nonspecific feeling of uneasiness

A)malaise
B)lethargy
C)incontinence
D)enuresis
E)anorexia

Question 63

Match the following terms with their descriptions below.
Inability to hold or retain urine

A)malaise
B)lethargy
C)incontinence
D)enuresis
E)anorexia

Question 64

Match the following terms with their descriptions below.
Loss of appetite

A)malaise
B)lethargy
C)incontinence
D)enuresis
E)anorexia

Question 65

Match the following terms with their descriptions below.
Excessive urination at night

A)urgency
B)nocturia
C)pyuria
D)dysuria
E)diuresis

Question 66

Match the following terms with their descriptions below.
Pus in the urine

A)urgency
B)nocturia
C)pyuria
D)dysuria
E)diuresis

Question 67

Match the following terms with their descriptions below.
Sudden, uncontrollable need to urinate

A)urgency
B)nocturia
C)pyuria
D)dysuria
E)diuresis

Question 68

Match the following terms with their descriptions below.
Loss of water in the body

A)urgency
B)nocturia
C)pyuria
D)dysuria
E)diuresis

Question 69

Match the following terms with their descriptions below.
Involuntary discharge of urine after an age when bladder control should be achieved; usually called bedwetting

A)malaise
B)lethargy
C)incontinence
D)enuresis
E)anorexia

Question 70

Match the following terms with their descriptions below.
Feelings of sluggishness

A)malaise
B)lethargy
C)incontinence
D)enuresis
E)anorexia