Question 1

The Hegelian influence on idealist education can be seen in the emphasis on the individual's destiny being tied to that of&#10;A)the gadfly.&#10;B)one's peer group.&#10;C)economic self-interest.&#10;D)Spirit.

Accepted Answer

Hegelian idealist education emphasized the importance of the spiritual and moral development of the individual, with the belief that each person's destiny is tied to the destiny of Spirit or the Absolute. Therefore, the emphasis was on the individual's search for truth and meaning, rather than economic self-interest or the influence of one's peer group.

Question 2

According to Kant, the essence of education is &#34;enlightenment,&#34; or teaching a child to think according to&#10;A)the subjective world uncovered by scientific law.&#10;B)objective creativity within a subjective world.&#10;C)the rigorous art of contemplating true ideas.&#10;D)principles as opposed to mere random behavior.

Accepted Answer

According to Kant, the essence of education is to teach a child principles instead of mere random behavior. This means that children should learn to think and act based on moral principles, rather than simply following their own impulses or the whims of others. By doing so, they can develop the ability to reason and make rational decisions, which is essential for becoming a responsible member of society.

Question 3

The idealist emphasis on a liberal arts type of education is based on a belief that&#10;A)true ideas are based only in fact.&#10;B)truth is holistic rather than specialized.&#10;C)ideas are created rather than discovered.&#10;D)changeable ideas must fit the present.

Accepted Answer

The idealist emphasis on a liberal arts type of education is based on the belief that truth is holistic rather than specialized. Idealists view knowledge as interconnected and multidisciplinary, and believe in the importance of developing a broad understanding of many different subjects in order to gain a more complete understanding of the world. This approach is in contrast to more specialized forms of education that prioritize depth of study in a single subject area.

Question 4

Idealism promotes a curriculum that emphasizes&#10;A)contemporary ideas.&#10;B)lasting ideas.&#10;C)changeable ideas.&#10;D)profitable ideas.

Accepted Answer

Idealism promotes a curriculum that emphasizes lasting ideas, such as the classics, values, and ethics, rather than contemporary or changeable ideas. The goal is to provide students with a foundation of knowledge and principles that will endure over time and guide their actions and decisions. Profitable ideas are not necessarily relevant in an idealistic educational approach.

Question 5

The &#34;Socratic method&#34; in education refers to the notion of&#10;A)deducing truth from revealed knowledge.&#10;B)employing physical specimens in teaching.&#10;C)developing concepts through questioning.&#10;D)teaching through the five senses.

Accepted Answer

The Socratic method involves the use of questioning to develop concepts and encourage critical thinking. It does not rely on revealed knowledge or physical specimens and is not necessarily focused on teaching through the five senses.

Question 6

The steep ascent of the escaping prisoner in the &#34;Allegory of the Cave&#34; best represents which of the following?&#10;A)failure to contemplate ultimate truth.&#10;B)the effects of dialectical reasoning.&#10;C)conjecture on the Ascendance of God.&#10;D)shadows on the mind.

Accepted Answer

The steep ascent of the escaping prisoner represents the effects of dialectical reasoning, as he is able to gradually move towards a greater understanding of the ultimate truth by questioning and challenging his previously held beliefs.

Question 7

Plato believed that mathematical concepts, such as 2 + 2 = 4, show the kind of knowledge that is&#10;A)relative truth.&#10;B)fleeting and changeable.&#10;C)true but trivial.&#10;D)perfect and eternal.

Accepted Answer

Plato believed in the existence of a perfect world of Forms or Ideas, and mathematical concepts were seen as perfect and eternal because they reflect this world. Therefore, the best choice is D (perfect and eternal).

Question 8

Descartes' attempt to doubt all existence led him to the idea of the Cogito, or&#10;A)&#34;Everything that exists can be measured.&#34;&#10;B)&#34;To be is to perceive an existence.&#34;&#10;C)&#34;I think, therefore I am.&#34;&#10;D)&#34;Existence is essence.&#34;

Accepted Answer

Descartes' famous statement "Cogito, ergo sum" translates to "I think, therefore I am." This idea is based on his attempt to doubt all existence and then realizing that he cannot doubt his own existence as a thinking thing. Therefore, he concludes that the fact that he is thinking proves his own existence.

Question 9

According to Plato, the best way to reach truth is through&#10;A)meditation.&#10;B)the dialectic.&#10;C)problem solving.&#10;D)social interaction.

Accepted Answer

According to Plato, the best way to reach truth is through the dialectic, which involves examining and questioning assumptions and beliefs in order to arrive at a deeper understanding of reality. Meditation may be helpful for achieving a state of focus and clarity, but it is not a method for discovering truth in the same way that the dialectic is. Problem solving and social interaction may involve elements of truth-seeking, but they are not as systematically rigorous as the dialectic.

Question 10

The idealist emphasis on subjective self-realization in education has its most likely origins in&#10;A)Descartes' declaration that &#34;I think, therefore, I am.&#34;&#10;B)Smith's view of economic self-interest.&#10;C)Mead's belief in the social self.&#10;D)Hume's skepticism about subjective perception.

Accepted Answer

Descartes' famous statement "I think, therefore, I am" emphasizes the importance of subjective experience and consciousness in defining one's sense of self. This idea has influenced many idealist philosophers and educators who emphasize the development of individual self-awareness and fulfillment in education.

Deck 10: Postmodernism and Education