Deck 23: The Protists

Question 1

All protists

A) are capable of cellular locomotion.
B) can reproduce asexually.
C) possess cilia or flagella.
D) are free-living organisms.

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Which of the following is found in the intestine of termites and produces enzymes needed to digest wood particles?

A) Giardia
B) Trichomonas
C) Trichonymphida
D) Nyctotherus

Answer 2

C

Question 3

The most common method of asexual reproduction in protists is

A) budding.
B) cytokinesis.
C) fission.
D) fragmentation.

Answer 3

C

Question 4

A trophozoite is a life cycle stage involved in

A) dormancy.
B) nutrient gathering and growth.
C) passage between hosts.
D) sexual reproduction.

Question 5

Euglena use a contractile vacuole for osmotic regulation.

Question 6

Recent evidence suggests that hydrogenosomes and mitochondria evolved from different endosymbiotically derived organelles.

Question 7

Trypanosomes that cause disease in humans escape destruction by the human immune system because they are resistant to phagocytosis.

Question 8

Which of the following is a unique organelle found within some protists but not in higher animal cells?

A) mitochondrion
B) contractile vacuole
C) Golgi apparatus
D) endoplasmic reticulum

Question 9

Which of the following is rare among protists?

A) motile
B) multicellular
C) eukaryotic
D) none of these characteristics are rare among protists

Question 10

All photosynthetic protists

A) carry out aerobic photosynthesis using two photosystems
B) carry out aerobic photosynthesis using one photosystem
C) carry out anaerobic photosynthesis using two photosystems
D) carry out anaerobic photosynthesis using one photosystem

Question 11

Which of the following statements is not true of protists?

A) Moisture is absolutely essential to their existence.
B) Most are free living.
C) They make up a substantial fraction of the marine plankton.
D) They are not known to cause diseases of humans.

Question 12

A typical Euglena cell is elongated and bounded by a _________________

A) protuberance.
B) pellicle.
C) cytoproct.
D) plasmalemma.

Question 13

When protists feed on solid nutrients such as bacteria by phagocytosis, they are said to be using ____________ nutrition.

A) saprozoic
B) holozoic
C) endozoic
D) parasitic

Question 14

The simultaneous use of both organic and inorganic forms of carbon is called

A) osmotrophy
B) omnitrophy
C) mixotrophy
D) metatrophy

Question 15

Which of the following type(s) of vacuoles is(are) found in protists?

A) contractile
B) food
C) alveolar
D) contractile and food vacuoles

Question 16

The study of algae is referred to as

A) phycology.
B) phytology.
C) mycology.
D) none of the choices

Question 17

The cellulase-excreting protist that can account for up to one-third of the biomass of a termite is a member of the genus

A) Hexamida.
B) Trichomonas.
C) Trichonympha.
D) Euglena.

Question 18

The pellicle of a Euglena cell consists of

A) glycoprotein
B) polysaccharide
C) peptidoglycan
D) protein strips and microtubules

Question 19

Unlike Giardia, most members of the Fornicata are harmless symbionts.

Question 20

Some anaerobic protists obtain energy using

A) mitochondria.
B) cytochromes.
C) hydrogenosomes.
D) all of the choices

Question 21

Species of dinoflagellates are responsible for much of the phosphorescence seen in ocean waters at night.

Question 22

An organelle similar to a flagellum that differs from a flagellum in the arrangement of microtubules is called a(n)

A) haptonema
B) uronema
C) cilileum
D) propellium

Question 23

Filopodia supported by microtubules that are used primarily in feeding are called

A) lobopodia
B) reticulopodia
C) axopodia
D) micropodia

Question 24

Apicomplexan organisms such as Plasmodium possess a motile, infective stage called the

A) sporozoite
B) trophozoite
C) apizoite
D) none of the choices

Question 25

Which of the following is not a type of pseudopod found in protozoa?

A) lobopodia
B) peripodia
C) reticulopodia
D) filopodia

Question 26

__________ from foraminifera make up the White Cliffs of Dover and the stones used to build the great pyramids.

Question 27

_____________ produce 40 to 50 percent of the organic carbon in the ocean.

Question 28

Most radiolaria have an internal skeleton made of

A) microtubules
B) glycoproteins
C) cellulose
D) siliceous material

Question 29

Protist cells that produce gametes for sexual reproduction are most specifically called ___________.

Question 30

Pigment is contained in an eyespot or __________ that helps certain organisms orient to light.

Question 31

Which of the following is not true regarding Entamoeba histolytica?

A) Entamoeba histolytica always remains in the intestinal tract during an infection.
B) Entamoeba histolytica cysts pass through the stomach unharmed.
C) Entamoeba histolytica grazes on bacteria in the intestines.
D) Entamoeba histolytica produces enzymes that degrade epithelial tissue.

Question 32

Which of the following groups is responsible for toxic red tides?

A) dinoflagellates
B) diatoms
C) trypanosomes
D) foraminifera

Question 33

Some ciliophora can discharge toxic threadlike darts called ___________ which are used in capturing prey.

A) spikes
B) spicules
C) toxicysts
D) toxipodia

Question 34

A cyst formed by a protist functions

A) as a protective mechanism against adverse changes in the environment.
B) in repair of damage to the cell envelope.
C) in transfer from one host to the next.
D) as a protective mechanism against adverse changes in the environment and in transfer from one host to the next

Question 35

Foraminifera are a type of protist that

A) help in estimating the age of ocean deposits.
B) move by means of flagella.
C) cause malaria.
D) are associated with human disease.

Question 36

Sexual reproduction in the cellular slime mold Dictyostelium discoideum involves the production of special spores called

A) amoeba flagellates
B) macrocysts
C) sporozoites
D) discoidia

Question 37

A protist with two flagella where one is wrapped around a transverse groove and the other is drapped in a longitudinal grove would be a member of which group?

A) ciliophora
B) dinoflagellate
C) trypanosome
D) oomycetes

Question 38

Acellular slime molds form a large multinucleate mass called a(n) ______________ .

Question 39

The Stramenopila are a very large and diverse group that all possess __________ at some point in their life cycle.

A) a macronucleus
B) chloroplasts
C) an exoskeleton
D) heterokont flagella

Question 40

Diatoms have a distinctive two-piece wall of silica called a frustule.

Question 41

Which of the following apicomplexan genera cause coccidiosis in chickens?

A) Pneumocystis
B) Eimeria
C) Plasmodium
D) Toxoplasma

Question 42

Diatoms

A) are photosynthetic with frustules composed of two halves.
B) can reproduce asexually.
C) are motile by virtue of having flagella.
D) are photosynthetic with frustules composed of two halves and can reproduce asexually.

Question 43

If plants originated from an organism like Chlamydomonas, then the origin of plants involved the loss of

A) chloroplasts.
B) microtubules.
C) cell walls.
D) flagella.

Question 44

The apical complex in the apicomplexans

A) is located at one end of the cell.
B) aids in penetration of host cells.
C) contains mitochondria.
D) is located at one end of the cell and aids in penetration of host cells

Question 45

The Chloroplastida (green algae) include a wide diversity of forms ranging from unicellular to colonial individuals.

Question 46

Which of the following is not true of the Chloroplastida (green algae)?

A) Their cell walls contain chitin.
B) They are found in fresh and salt water.
C) They have chlorophylls a and b.
D) They store carbohydrates as starch.

Question 47

Those dinoflagellates that live in an intimate association with corals are called

A) zooxanthellae.
B) parasites.
C) lichens.
D) phytoplankton.

Question 48

Which of the following ciliates produces the disease ick in fish?

A) Entodinium
B) Nyctotherus
C) Ichthyophthirius
D) Balantidium

Question 49

Protothecosis is an infection of humans or animals that is caused by a chlorophyte (green algae).

Question 50

In labyrinthulids, the nonflagellated stage of the life cycle features spindle-shaped cells that form complex colonies that glide rapidly along an ______________ net made by the organism.

A) ectoplasmic.
B) endoplasmic.
C) protoplasmic.
D) pellicular.

Question 51

Ciliate sexual reproduction by conjugation differs from sexual reproduction in most animals in that

A) both parents are converted into zygotes.
B) meiosis occurs in both partners.
C) cell fusion occurs during fertilization.
D) the zygotic nucleus is diploid.