Deck 13: Methods of Therapy: Ways of Helping

Question 1

Ovulation begins to occur ______.

A) up to 2 years before menarche
B) at about the same time as menarche
C) within a couple months of menarche
D) up to 2 years after menarche

Answer 1

up to 2 years after menarche

Question 2

______ is the period during which the body becomes sexually mature.

A) The growth spurt
B) Puberty
C) The climacteric
D) The phallic stage

Answer 2

Puberty

Question 3

The beginning of menstruation is called ______.

A) menarche
B) menopause
C) menses
D) the climacteric

Answer 3

menarche

Question 4

Which of the following is true of adolescent thought when compared to children's thought processes?

A) There are no qualitative differences in the thinking of adolescents and children.
B) Children have greater mental flexibility, and abstract visual-spatial capabilities than adolescents.
C) Adolescents have great memory capacity than children.
D) Adolescents are capable of dealing with abstract thought and hypothetical situations in ways children are not.

Question 5

______ begins with the appearance of secondary sex characteristics.

A) The growth spurt
B) Puberty
C) The climacteric
D) The phallic stage

Question 6

In females, the growth of pubic and underarm hair is spurred by _______.

A) estrogen
B) progesterone
C) testosterone
D) a combination of estrogen and testosterone

Question 7

Girls cannot become pregnant until they ______.

A) achieve a body weight of at least 100 pounds
B) experience menarche
C) begin to ovulate
D) experience orgasm

Question 8

The adolescent growth spurt typically lasts about ______.

A) 3 to 6 months
B) 6 months to a year
C) 1 to 2 years
D) 2 to 3 years

Question 9

Bone growth in adolescent girls usually stops at about age ______.

A) 14.5
B) 16
C) 17.5
D) 19

Question 10

In girls, menarche usually begins between the ages of ______.

A) 6 to 8
B) 8 to 10
C) 11 to 13
D) 14 to 16

Question 11

In boys, ejaculatory ability usually precedes the presence of mature sperm by ______.

A) only a few days
B) several weeks
C) a few months
D) at least a year

Question 12

During the growth spurt, adolescents grow some ______ inches.

A) 2 to 4
B) 4 to 8
C) 8 to 12
D) 12 to 16

Question 13

______ is a time of transition from childhood to adulthood.

A) Prepubescence
B) The climacteric
C) Adolescence
D) Menarche

Question 14

The period of life bounded by puberty and the assumption of adult responsibilities is ______.

A) adolescence
B) prepubescence
C) young adulthood
D) late childhood

Question 15

Characteristics that distinguish the sexes, such as distribution of body hair and depth of voice, but that are not directly involved in reproduction, are called ______ sex characteristics.

A) primary
B) secondary
C) tertiary
D) fiduciary

Question 16

In girls, a critical weight in the neighborhood of ______ pounds is thought to trigger a cascade of hormonal secretions in the brain leading to the maturation of the sex organs and the development of secondary sex characteristics.

A) 70
B) 85
C) 100
D) 115

Question 17

The average age of menarche ______.

A) has been declining for decades
B) has remained stable for decades
C) had been declining but begin increasing about a decade ago
D) has been increasing for decades

Question 18

The timing of puberty, and the physical changes occurring in puberty, are largely controlled by ______.

A) genetic factors
B) environmental factors
C) emotional factors
D) sexual stimulation

Question 19

Bone growth in adolescent boys usually stops at about age ______.

A) 16
B) 17.5
C) 19
D) 20.5

Question 20

The most dramatic changes during adolescence occur ______.

A) just prior to the growth spurt
B) during the growth spurt
C) during puberty
D) just after the climacteric

Question 21

According to Piaget, formal operational thought usually begins at about age ______.

A) 8 or 9
B) 11 or 12
C) 14 or 15
D) 17 or 18

Question 22

The imaginary audience and the personal fable are both the result of ______.

A) adolescent egocentrism
B) altruistic thinking
C) adolescent sturm and drang
D) preconventional thinking

Question 23

The stage in Piaget's model that is characterized by abstract, logical thought, and deduction from principles is the ______.

A) stage of formal operations
B) stage of concrete operations
C) sensorimotor stage
D) preoperational stag

Question 24

Alice is now capable of mastering geometry. According to Piaget, she must be in the ______.

A) stage of formal operations
B) stage of concrete operations
C) sensorimotor stage
D) preoperational stage

Question 25

An important area of storm and stress for youths from minority backgrounds that is not present for youths from the majority background is ______.

A) conflict with parents
B) cultural disconnectedness
C) fluctuations in mood
D) engaging in risky behavior

Question 26

In Piaget's theory, the ______ represents cognitive maturity.

A) stage of formal operations
B) stage of concrete operations
C) sensorimotor stage
D) preoperational stage

Question 27

Alfred is 16 years old. He is proud of is logical abilities, and often presses people to accept his ideas and solutions without any regard to the exceptions or practical implications or problems that are mentioned by others. His inability to see the viewpoints of others or understand their objections to his ideas is due to ______.

A) formal operational thinking
B) role diffusion
C) egocentrism
D) eclecticism

Question 28

Elroy is horrified by the terrorist acts of September 11, 2001. But while he completely disagrees with the actions of the terrorists, he is able to logically sort how their beliefs led to their behaviors and accurately hypothesize what was probably going through their minds as they carried out their acts. To be able to do this, he would have to be in Piaget's ______.

A) sensorimotor stage
B) preoperational stage
C) stage of formal operations
D) stage of concrete operations

Question 29

Jean Piaget is known for his theory of ______.

A) cognitive development
B) moral development
C) social development
D) sexual development

Question 30

Which of the following best characterizes the quality of thinking in childhood and adolescence?

A) Both children and adolescents stick to the facts, to concrete reality.
B) Children stick to the facts but adolescents deal with the abstract and hypothetical.
C) Adolescents stick to the facts while children focus on the abstract and hypothetical.
D) Both children and adolescents regularly deal with the abstract and hypothetical.

Question 31

Audrey is 17, and constantly worries that her friends are watching and judging how she looks, and everything she says and does. When she's with her friends, she constantly feels like she's "on stage" and the center of everyone's attention. What she is experiencing is known as ______.

A) the personal fable
B) the imaginary audience
C) the dream
D) the adolescent transition

Question 32

Adolescents who appear to suffer the least amount of storm and stress are those who ______.

A) experience cultural disconnectedness
B) closely follow and imitate media trends and imagery
C) identify closely with risk-taking peers
D) have strong traditional roots

Question 33

The ______ is the final stage in Piaget's theory of cognitive development.

A) stage of formal operations
B) stage of concrete operations
C) sensorimotor stage
D) preoperational stage

Question 34

The belief that other people are as concerned with our thoughts and behaviors as we are is known as the ______.

A) personal fable
B) imaginary audience
C) egocentric dream
D) adolescent transition

Question 35

G. Stanley Hall has described adolescence as a time of ______.

A) relaxation and exploration
B) storm and stress
C) love and play
D) impulse and foolishness

Question 36

Placing oneself at the center of one's psychological world, and being unable to view the world from the perspective of others is called ______.

A) ethnocentrism
B) Eurocentrism
C) anthropomorphism
D) egocentrism

Question 37

Many adolescents develop an "it can't happen to me" attitude, which makes it difficult to get them to listen to warnings about the risks of smoking and drunk driving, because of ______.

A) the personal fable
B) the imaginary audience
C) the dream
D) the adolescent transition

Question 38

Jamal believes that his ideas and feelings are unique and special. He believes that he can conquer the world and that nothing seriously harmful or injurious can ever happen to him. While he logically knows he can't live forever, emotionally he feels and acts like he is going to. This is due to ______.

A) the personal fable
B) the imaginary audience
C) the dream
D) the adolescent transition

Question 39

It is during the stage of ______ that adolescents tend to emerge as theoretical scientists.

A) postconventional thought
B) concrete operations
C) preoperations
D) formal operations

Question 40

During adolescence, people typically become capable of _________ thought.

A) concrete operational
B) preoperational
C) formal operational
D) postconventional

Question 41

Compared to adolescents who are distant from their parents, adolescents who feel close to their parents show ______ self-reliance and independence and fare ______ in school.

A) less, worse
B) greater, worse
C) less, better
D) greater, better

Question 42

Each of the following tends to lower risk-taking behaviors EXCEPT ______.

A) being married
B) having children
C) having risk-taking friends
D) having strong traditional roots

Question 43

Young people today hold more ______ attitudes toward premarital sex and the rates of sexual intercourse among teens have been ______ in recent years.

A) conservative, dropping
B) lenient, dropping
C) conservative, rising
D) lenient, rising

Question 44

Each year about ______ percent of adolescent girls becomes pregnant.

A) 1
B) 5
C) 10
D) 15

Question 45

The period of turmoil or upheaval that adolescents may experience as they come to grapple with questions about their occupational choice and direction in life is what Erikson called ______.

A) sturm and drang
B) the adolescent transition
C) an identity crisis
D) a crisis of confidence

Question 46

______ adolescents continue to feel love, respect, and loyalty toward their parents.

A) Almost no
B) Some
C) Most
D) Virtually all

Question 47

______ the leading cause of death among adolescents in the United States.

A) Motor vehicles crashes are
B) Homicide is
C) Suicide is
D) Drug and alcohol abuse are

Question 48

Allen is 19 years old. He feels like his whole life is a series of trips down one blind alley after another. He blindly follows his more dominant peers in an effort to "find himself," with little success. He is experiencing what Erikson would call ______.

A) multiplicity
B) moratorium
C) an inferiority complex
D) role diffusion

Question 49

According to Erikson, the stage of development that occurs during adolescence is the stage of ______.

A) ego identity versus role diffusion
B) integrity versus despair
C) trust versus mistrust
D) autonomy versus shame and doubt

Question 50

According to Erikson, ______ is a firm sense of who one is and what one stands for.

A) self-actualization
B) ego identity
C) self-efficacy
D) role diffusion

Question 51

According to Erikson, ______ is a lack of clarity in one's life, due to a failure to develop ego identity.

A) multiplicity
B) moratorium
C) an inferiority complex
D) role diffusion

Question 52

Each of the following is true EXCEPT ______.

A) adolescents cannot think logically or rationally when it comes to risky behaviors
B) the part of the adolescent brain that inhibits impulsive behavior is still maturing
C) risk takers tend to have a strong need for high levels of sensation
D) adolescents often do not perceive risky behaviors as being as nearly dangerous as their parents do

Question 53

By 2011, about ______ percent of unmarried American teenagers had engaged in sexual intercourse at least once.

A) 20-25
B) 40-45
C) 60-65
D) 80-85

Question 54

Each year, about ______ percent of teenage boys attempt suicide.

A) 5
B) 10
C) 15
D) 20

Question 55

Each year, about ______ percent of teenage girls attempt suicide.

A) 5
B) 10
C) 15
D) 20

Question 56

The period of life when people are most likely to engage in risky behaviors is ______.

A) childhood
B) adolescence
C) young adulthood
D) middle-age

Question 57

The major challenge of adolescence is ______.

A) physically surviving until adulthood
B) getting through high school and college
C) the creation of an adult identity
D) being a meaningful, intimate relationship with someone

Question 58

According to Erik Erikson, individuals undergo ______ stages of development.

A) 2
B) 4
C) 6
D) 8

Question 59

Allen is 19 years old. He knows who he is and where he is going. He is committed to becoming an environmental biologist and devoting his life and career to better understanding the ecosystem. Has developed what Erikson would call ______.

A) self-actualization
B) ego identity
C) role diffusion
D) self-efficacy

Question 60

Allen is 19 years old. He is constantly asking himself who he is and struggling to discover what he is good at. He is exploring his values as well as his sexual, political, and religious beliefs in order to figure out his own priorities in life. He is in the midst of what Erikson would call ______.

A) an identity crisis
B) the period of sturm and drang
C) the adolescent transition
D) the cognitive awakening

Question 61

______ of adolescents who are sexually active report using contraceptives consistently.

A) Virtually none
B) Less than half
C) About two-thirds
D) Almost all

Question 62

Emerging adulthood refers to a period of development spanning the ages from ______.

A) 12-18
B) 18-25
C) 25-31
D) 31-38

Question 63

The top reason teenagers cite for not waiting until they are older to have sexual intercourse is ______.

A) need for love and affection
B) curiosity
C) peer pressure
D) need for a physical contact

Question 64

Teenage mothers are ______ likely to finish school and ______ likely to need assistance.

A) less, less
B) more, less
C) less, more
D) more, more

Question 65

The point at which the majority of today's young adults perceive themselves as having achieved full adulthood is ______.

A) late teens to early twenties
B) early to mid twenties
C) mid to late twenties
D) late twenties to early thirties

Question 66

Which of the following countries has the highest unmarried teen birth rate?

A) Italy
B) Germany
C) Canada
D) the United States

Question 67

Currently, emerging adults tend to be generally ______ about the future of their lives.

A) cynical
B) pessimistic
C) apathetic
D) optimistic

Question 68

Most of us reach our physical peaks in ______.

A) adolescence
B) emerging adulthood
C) young adulthood
D) middle adulthood

Question 69

______ has been generally seen as the period of life during which people tend to establish themselves as independent members of society.

A) Adolescence
B) Emerging adulthood
C) Young adulthood
D) The age-30 transition

Question 70

Most teenage girls become pregnant ______.

A) as a way of eliciting a commitment from their partner
B) as a way of rebelling against their parents
C) as a way of having something of their very own (a baby) to love
D) because they misunderstand reproduction and conception

Question 71

About ______ teens give birth each year in the United States.

A) 100,000
B) 500,000
C) 1 million
D) 5 million

Question 72

Middle adulthood spans the years from ______.

A) 30-45
B) 30-65
C) 40-50
D) 45-65

Question 73

Each of the following is true EXCEPT ______.

A) most teenaged mothers receive consistent financial or emotional help from the babies' fathers
B) teenage mothers are less likely to graduate from high school or attend college
C) teenage mothers have a lower standard of living and higher need for public assistance
D) the teenage pregnancy rate in the United States began dropping off in the 1990s, but turned upward in 2006

Question 74

According to your text, late adulthood begins at age ______.

A) 60
B) 65
C) 70
D) 75

Question 75

Young adults of today are members of what sociologists call ______.

A) generation X
B) generation Y
C) generation Z
D) the Millennial generation

Question 76

Early adulthood covers the age range of ______.

A) 18-35
B) 20-30
C) 20-40
D) 20-60

Question 77

Menopause usually occurs during the ______.

A) late thirties to early forties
B) early to late forties
C) late forties to early fifties
D) early to late fifties

Question 78

Middle adulthood is characterized by ______.

A) dramatic major physical decline
B) gradual minor physical decline
C) no loss of physical ability
D) increased physical ability

Question 79

By 2011, the birth rate among 15 to 19 year old girls ______.

A) had dropped to the lowest level yet recorded in the United States
B) had finally begun to drop slightly after decades of steadily rising
C) had ominously begun to rise after years of decline
D) had risen to the highest level yet recorded in the United States

Question 80

A hypothesized period of development that bridges adolescence and full adulthood and is characterized by prolonged role exploration before the assumption of full adult responsibilities is ______.

A) the age 20 transition
B) emerging adulthood
C) young adulthood
D) primary adulthood