Deck 20: Digestive System

Question 1

When a tooth is injured, which of the following cannot regenerate?

A) Dentin
B) Cementum
C) Enamel
D) Gingiva

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Which layer of the digestive tract contains glands, blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, and nerves?

A) Mucosa
B) Submucosa
C) Muscularis
D) Serosa

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Match each enzyme with its function or description.
a.amylase
e.sucrase
b.pepsin
f.peptidases
c.trypsin and chymotrypsin
g.lactase
d.lipase
h.maltase
Stomach enzyme that hydrolyzes the peptide bonds between certain amino acids

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Most of the process of digestion and the absorption of nutrients take place in the

A) stomach.
B) small intestine.
C) large intestine.
D) mouth.

Question 5

Which cells in the gastric pits secrete digestive enzymes?

A) Mucous cells
B) Parietal cells
C) Chief cells
D) Enteroendocrine cells

Question 6

The soft palate consists of

A) bone.
B) bone and cartilage.
C) skeletal muscle.
D) skeletal muscle and cartilage.

Question 7

The bulk of the tooth consists of

A) enamel.
B) pulp.
C) dentin.
D) cementum.

Question 8

Match each enzyme with its function or description.
a.amylase
e.sucrase
b.pepsin
f.peptidases
c.trypsin and chymotrypsin
g.lactase
d.lipase
h.maltase
Secreted by the pancreas for the digestion of fat

Question 9

Match each enzyme with its function or description.
a.amylase
e.sucrase
b.pepsin
f.peptidases
c.trypsin and chymotrypsin
g.lactase
d.lipase
h.maltase
Secreted in the mouth to begin the digestion of carbohydrates

Question 10

What is one purpose of the mesenteries?

A) They completely immobilize the stomach and intestines.
B) They secrete digestive enzymes.
C) They pad the digestive organs, protecting them from trauma.
D) Portions of the mesenteries help localize infection.

Question 11

A patient is admitted to the hospital with a vitamin B₁₂ deficiency. One possible cause could be a lack of which of the following components of gastric juice?

A) Mucus
B) Hydrochloric acid
C) Ghrelin
D) Intrinsic factor

Question 12

What is considered to be the first step in the digestion process?

A) Chewing
B) Churning in the stomach
C) Contractions in the small intestine
D) Secretion of digestive enzymes by the pancreas

Question 13

Where is the pyloric sphincter located?

A) Between the esophagus and cardia
B) Between the cardia and fundus
C) Between the body and pylorus
D) Between the pylorus and duodenum

Question 14

You walk into a room and smell the aroma of freshly baked cookies. Your mouth begins to water. This is which phase of gastric secretion?

A) Olfactory phase
B) Cephalic phase
C) Gastric phase
D) Intestinal phase

Question 15

Which organ is considered to be an accessory organ to the digestive system?

A) Mouth
B) Gallbladder
C) Stomach
D) Small intestines

Question 16

Digestion begins in the

A) stomach.
B) mouth.
C) small intestine.
D) large intestine.

Question 17

What is the main component of saliva?

A) Water
B) Digestive enzymes
C) Electrolytes
D) Antibacterial compounds

Question 18

Match each enzyme with its function or description.
a.amylase
e.sucrase
b.pepsin
f.peptidases
c.trypsin and chymotrypsin
g.lactase
d.lipase
h.maltase
Pancreatic enzymes that work in the duodenum to break apart peptide bonds

Question 19

Match each enzyme with its function or description.
a.amylase
e.sucrase
b.pepsin
f.peptidases
c.trypsin and chymotrypsin
g.lactase
d.lipase
h.maltase
Enzyme secreted by brush border of small intestine that digests milk sugar

Question 20

Match each enzyme with its function or description.
a.amylase
e.sucrase
b.pepsin
f.peptidases
c.trypsin and chymotrypsin
g.lactase
d.lipase
h.maltase
Brush border enzymes that break any remaining protein chains into individual amino acids

Question 21

What is the primary function of the stomach?

A) Digest food
B) Prepare food for digestion by breaking it into smaller pieces
C) Store food
D) Moisten food to create a bolus

Question 22

The semifluid mixture that leaves the stomach and enters the duodenum is called ____________________.

Question 23

Most of the water you drink is absorbed in the

A) stomach.
B) duodenum.
C) ileum.
D) large intestine.

Question 24

Which of the following does not produce digestive enzymes?

A) Salivary glands
B) Stomach
C) Liver
D) Small intestine

Question 25

Layers of visceral peritoneum called ____________________ suspend the digestive organs within the abdominal cavity while anchoring them loosely to the abdominal wall.

Question 26

The liver receives oxygen-poor, nutrient-rich blood from the digestive organs and spleen by way of the

A) portal vein.
B) portal artery.
C) central vein.
D) hepatic artery.

Question 27

Another name for the digestive tract is the ____________________.

Question 28

Protein is digested in the

A) mouth and stomach.
B) stomach and small intestine.
C) small and large intestines.
D) large intestine.

Question 29

Which of the following is a function of the gallbladder?

A) Production of bile
B) Storage and concentration of bile
C) Formation of bile salts
D) Digestion of fat

Question 30

What purpose is served by the numerous folds and millions of microscopic projections in the jejunum?

A) They increase peristalsis to allow for better movement through the intestine.
B) They increase the surface area to allow for greater absorption.
C) They secrete bile to facilitate digestion.
D) They release substances to neutralize stomach acid.

Question 31

Wavelike muscular contractions in the stomach and intestine that propel food in a forward direction are called ____________________.

Question 32

Which of the following enzymes digest(s) carbohydrates?

A) Amylase, sucrase, and lactase
B) Trypsin and chymotrypsin
C) Lipase
D) Peptidases

Question 33

Compared with the blood entering the liver, the blood leaving the liver has

A) less iron.
B) more amino acids.
C) more hormones.
D) more toxins.

Question 34

Most digestive processes take place in which part of the intestine?

A) Duodenum
B) Jejunum
C) Ileum
D) Sigmoid colon

Question 35

Which of the following correctly describes the hormone cholecystokinin (CCK)?

A) It is secreted by the stomach to trigger gallbladder contraction and pancreatic secretion.
B) It is secreted by the duodenum to cause the bile and pancreatic ducts to release bicarbonate.
C) It is secreted by acinar cells in the pancreas and helps break down lipids, proteins, and carbohydrates.
D) It is secreted by the duodenum to cause gallbladder contraction and the release of pancreatic enzymes.

Question 36

The process of chewing is called ____________________.

Question 37

Which of the following correctly describes the path of bile as it leaves the liver and travels to the gallbladder?

A) Common hepatic duct, right and left hepatic duct, cystic duct, common bile duct
B) Right and left hepatic ducts, common hepatic duct, cystic duct, common bile duct
C) Right and left hepatic ducts, common hepatic duct, common bile duct, cystic duct
D) Common hepatic duct, right and left hepatic ducts, common bile duct, cystic duct

Question 38

Blood filters through which liver structure to remove nutrients, toxins, and hormones?

A) Canaliculi
B) Sinusoids
C) Hepatocytes
D) Lobules

Question 39

What is a major function of the large intestine?

A) Regulates the release of bile
B) Absorbs nutrients
C) Removes waste
D) Secretes digestive enzymes

Question 40

The cells of the pancreas that secrete digestive enzymes are called

A) duct cells.
B) pancreatic islets.
C) parietal cells.
D) acinar cells.

Question 41

The main bile pigment is ____________________, which results from the breakdown of ____________________.

Question 42

The process whereby fat is broken into small droplets to be digested is called ____________________.

Question 43

The body's largest gland is the ____________________.

Question 44

The liver is anchored to the abdominal wall by the ____________________.

Question 45

Clusters of lymphatic nodules called ____________________ are scattered throughout the ileum.