Question 1

Jane jumps out of bed to the sound of her alarm clock. As she reaches her feet, she feels very dizzy for a few seconds. As her system readjusts to her standing, she begins to regain her sense of balance. The source of Jane's dizziness is probably in the ________ senses.

A) olfactory
B) vestibular
C) papillary
D) skin

vestibular

Accepted Answer

The vestibular senses are responsible for our sense of balance and spatial orientation, and can be affected when we change positions quickly. This is likely what caused Jane's brief episode of dizziness when she first stood up. The olfactory senses are responsible for our sense of smell, the papillary senses for our sense of taste, and the skin senses for our sense of touch and temperature.

Question 2

According to McBurney and Collings, the average threshold for human hearing is the tick of a watch from ________ feet in very quiet conditions.&#10;A) 80&#10;B) 60&#10;C) 40&#10;D) 20

Accepted Answer

McBurney and Collings state that the average threshold for human hearing is the tick of a watch from 20 feet in very quiet conditions.

Question 3

People who tend to perceive the elements of their environment as separate and distinct from one another are called ________.&#10;A) field-independent&#10;B) augmenters&#10;C) reducers&#10;D) field-dependent

Accepted Answer

Field-independent individuals have the ability to perceive items and elements as distinct from the background or the overall field. This means they can focus on details without being overly influenced by the surrounding context.

Question 4

The amount of light entering the eye is controlled by the ________.&#10;A) lens&#10;B) retina&#10;C) cornea&#10;D) iris

Accepted Answer

The iris controls the amount of light entering the eye by adjusting the size of the pupil.

Question 5

The walls of a very long, narrow corridor appear to come together as they recede from the viewer. This distance cue is known as ________.&#10;A) linear perspective&#10;B) aerial perspective&#10;C) convergence&#10;D) interposition

Accepted Answer

Linear perspective is a depth cue that refers to the way parallel lines appear to converge as they recede into the distance, which explains why the walls of a long, narrow corridor seem to come together as they move away from the viewer.

Question 6

Jamie walks from a bright room into a dark room. It will take about ________ minutes for her rods and cones to fully adjust to the dark.&#10;A) 20&#10;B) 40&#10;C) 10&#10;D) 30

Accepted Answer

The answer of Jamie walks from a bright room into...

Question 7

Placebo pills and acupuncture have both been effective in reducing pain. The common element in both of these methods may be their ability to stimulate the ________.&#10;A) production of adrenal hormones&#10;B) arousal of the peripheral nervous system&#10;C) opening of neurological gates in the spine&#10;D) release of endorphins

Accepted Answer

Placebo pills and acupuncture may both stimulate the release of endorphins, which are the body's natural painkillers. A study showed that acupuncture increased the levels of endorphins in the cerebrospinal fluid of participants. Placebos have also been shown to increase endorphin release in the brain, which may contribute to their pain-relieving effects. A and B are not related to endorphin release. C refers to the gate control theory of pain, which is a different mechanism for pain management.

Question 8

As we grow older, ________.&#10;A) we lose some of our ability to hear both soft and loud sounds&#10;B) our ability to hear both soft and loud sounds remains stable&#10;C) we lose some of our ability to hear soft sounds&#10;D) we lose some of our ability to hear loud sounds

Accepted Answer

The answer of As we grow older, ________.&#10;A) we lose...

Question 9

According to Helmholtz's trichromatic theory, which of the following colors does not correspond to a color receptor in the retina?&#10;A) yellow&#10;B) blue&#10;C) red&#10;D) green

Accepted Answer

According to Helmholtz's trichromatic theory, the three color receptors in the retina are sensitive to red, green, and blue light wavelengths. Therefore, yellow (which is a combination of red and green) does not have its own corresponding receptor, but is rather perceived through a combination of the signals from the red and green receptors.

Question 10

Humans rely primarily on the senses of ________ to gather information about their environment.&#10;A) hearing and touch&#10;B) vision and hearing&#10;C) hearing and smell&#10;D) vision and touch

Accepted Answer

Humans rely primarily on their vision and hearing to gather information about their environment. Vision allows humans to see the world around them and distinguish objects from their background, while hearing allows them to detect sounds and communicate with others. While touch and smell are also important senses, they are not as vital to information gathering as vision and hearing.

Deck 3: Sensation and Perception