Question 1

Jean, who is Black, eats in a college cafeteria where she has never seen White and Black students sit at the same table. She has always had White and Black friends, but at school, she chooses not to sit with her White friends for meals. This prejudicial behavior is due to ________.

A) conformity
B) stereotyping
C) inexperience
D) scapegoating

conformity

Accepted Answer

Jean's behavior is due to conformity, as she is adhering to the social norms of the cafeteria environment where racial groups do not mix, despite her personal experiences and friendships.

Question 2

The tendency for an individual to observe a situation for cues about how he or she should react is called ________.&#10;A) self-efficacy&#10;B) situational narcissism&#10;C) self-monitoring&#10;D) a reaction formation

Accepted Answer

Self-monitoring refers to the tendency for an individual to observe a situation for cues about how he or she should react. Self-efficacy refers to an individual's belief in his or her ability to succeed in a specific situation. Situational narcissism refers to a person's inflated ego only in specific situations. Reaction formation refers to a defense mechanism in which a person expresses the opposite of their true feelings.

Question 3

The Japanese management model ________.&#10;A) combines the task-oriented and relationship-oriented management styles into a single overall management style&#10;B) focuses on the task-oriented management style at the expense of the relationship- oriented style&#10;C) ignores both the task-oriented and relationship-oriented management styles&#10;D) focuses on the relationship-oriented management style at the expense of the task- oriented style

Accepted Answer

The Japanese management model combines both task-oriented and relationship-oriented management styles into a single overall management style. This is commonly referred to as "wa" or harmony, which emphasizes team collaboration and cooperation to achieve shared goals. While the task-oriented style is still important, building relationships and trust among team members is equally emphasized in this model.

Question 4

A way to reduce cognitive dissonance is to ________.&#10;A) make the discrepant behavior occur in such a way that the person feels responsible for it&#10;B) offer the person a large bribe or reward for engaging in the dissonant behavior&#10;C) offer the person a small bribe or reward for engaging in the dissonant behavior&#10;D) decrease the number of consonant elements in a dissonant behavior

Accepted Answer

Offering a small reward can lead to internal justification, reducing dissonance as the person may change their attitude to align with their behavior.

Question 5

The degree to which other people behave the same way as one person behaves in a situation affects our attributions of that person's behavior. This is an example of ________.&#10;A) consistency&#10;B) distinctiveness&#10;C) consensus&#10;D) frequency

Accepted Answer

This is an example of consensus, which refers to the extent to which other people behave the same way in a given situation. If many people behave the same way, we are more likely to attribute the behavior to external factors rather than internal ones.

Question 6

Which of the following statements is true?&#10;A) Messages that create fear can sometimes work well at persuading an audience of a particular point.&#10;B) Fear has not been properly investigated as a factor in attitude change.&#10;C) A one-sided argument is more persuasive than a two-sided argument.&#10;D) The greater the level of fear in a message, the more effective it will be in changing attitudes.

Accepted Answer

Messages that create fear can sometimes work well at persuading an audience of a particular point. This is known as fear appeal and it can be effective when the audience perceives the threat as real and the suggested solution as effective. However, if the fear is too intense, it can lead to the audience ignoring the message or becoming defensive. Therefore, the level of fear in a message needs to be carefully tailored to the audience.

Question 7

Asch's studies showed that overall conformity to group pressure occurred about ________ percent of the time.&#10;A) 95&#10;B) 35&#10;C) 65&#10;D) 5

Accepted Answer

Asch's studies on conformity demonstrated that participants conformed to group pressure about 35% of the time.

Question 8

The so-called &#34;Pygmalion effect&#34; is a type of ________.&#10;A) self-fulfilling prophecy&#10;B) selective perception&#10;C) unifying trait&#10;D) response characteristic

Accepted Answer

The Pygmalion effect is a type of self-fulfilling prophecy where individuals' expectations about someone else can influence that person's behavior and performance, ultimately making those expectations come true.

Question 9

We are ________ likely to be attracted to and ________ likely to vote for a political candidate with whom we share similar attitudes.&#10;A) more; more&#10;B) no more; more&#10;C) no more; no more&#10;D) more; no more

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that people are more likely to be attracted to and vote for a political candidate who shares their attitudes and beliefs. This is because individuals feel a sense of validation and connection with someone who holds similar views, and are more likely to trust and support them.

Question 10

As a member of a fraternity, Jack is not concerned with the welfare of the people pledging to the fraternity; if they cannot handle the pranks and embarrassing tasks, they do not have to join. However, as a person, Jack does not approve of playing practical jokes on people. As a fraternity member, Jack appears to undergo ________.

A) deindividuation
B) deinstitutionalization
C) stereotyping
D) identity diffusion

Accepted Answer

Deindividuation is the process of losing a sense of self-awareness and individual accountability when immersed in a group. Jack's behavior as a fraternity member, where he is not concerned about the well-being of pledges, suggests that he is undergoing deindividuation. However, his personal belief that playing pranks on people is not acceptable goes against his behavior as a fraternity member.

Deck 14: Extension: Social Psychology