Question 1

The opposite of depression is ________.&#10;A) neurosis&#10;B) fugue&#10;C) anxiety&#10;D) mania

Accepted Answer

The opposite of depression is typically considered to be mania, as depression and mania are the two poles of bipolar disorder.

Question 2

Depersonalization, fugue, and amnesia are all types of ________ disorders.&#10;A) somatoform&#10;B) dissociative&#10;C) schizophrenic&#10;D) affective

Accepted Answer

Depersonalization, fugue, and amnesia are all symptoms of dissociative disorders, which involve disruptions or alterations in consciousness, memory, and/or identity. Somatoform disorders involve physical symptoms that cannot be explained by medical conditions, while schizophrenia and affective disorders involve disturbances in thought, mood, and behavior.

Question 3

Soon after Anne has her first child, she returns to work. Her mother objects, saying that putting a child in a day-care center is immoral. After two weeks at work, Anne develops tingling and numbness in her hands that, within days, progress to total anesthesia in both hands from the wrists down. Anne's physician cannot find a physical cause for her problem. He suggests that she is suffering from ________.

A) body dysmorphic disorder
B) conversion disorder
C) hypochondriasis
D) somatization disorder

conversion disorder

Accepted Answer

Anne is experiencing physical symptoms (tingling, numbness, and anesthesia) that cannot be explained by any underlying medical condition. This suggests that her symptoms are psychosomatic in nature and are likely the result of her emotional distress related to returning to work and leaving her child in day-care. Conversion disorder is characterized by physical symptoms that are caused by psychological factors, making it the best choice in this scenario. Body dysmorphic disorder involves obsessive concerns about perceived flaws in one's appearance, hypochondriasis involves fear or preoccupation with having a serious illness, and somatization disorder involves multiple unexplained physical symptoms in multiple body systems. None of these disorders fit the presentation of Anne's symptoms as well as conversion disorder.

Question 4

________ disorders are marked by disordered communication and thoughts, inappropriate emotions, and bizarre behaviors.&#10;A) Somatoform&#10;B) Psychosexual&#10;C) Schizophrenic&#10;D) Substance abuse

Accepted Answer

Schizophrenic disorders are characterized by disordered communication and thoughts, inappropriate emotions, and bizarre behaviors. Somatoform disorders involve physical symptoms without an underlying medical explanation. Psychosexual disorders involve persistent and distressing sexual attraction or behavior that deviates from cultural norms. Substance abuse disorders involve the repeated use of substances despite negative consequences.

Question 5

Jacob generally feels out of control. He also has fainting spells and episodes of trembling, uncontrollable screaming and crying, and outbursts of verbal and physical aggressiveness. His symptoms sound most like those of ________.

A) dhat syndrome
B) Taijin kyofusho
C) khoro syndrome
D) ataque de nervios

Accepted Answer

Jacob's symptoms, including fainting spells and outbursts of verbal and physical aggressiveness, are most commonly associated with ataque de nervios, a culturally bound syndrome typically found in Latin American cultures. Dhat syndrome is a culture-bound syndrome found in India that involves excessive anxiety about semen loss. Taijin kyofusho and khoro syndrome are also culture-bound syndromes, but they are typically characterized by anxiety related to social situations and fear of genital shrinkage or retraction, respectively.

Question 6

Causing humiliation or physical harm to their sexual partners is characteristic of ________.&#10;A) pedophiles&#10;B) sexual sadists&#10;C) sexual masochists&#10;D) introverts

Accepted Answer

Sexual sadists derive sexual pleasure from causing pain, humiliation, or harm to their sexual partners. Pedophiles are individuals who are sexually attracted to children. Sexual masochists derive sexual pleasure from being humiliated, dominated, or experiencing pain. Introverts are individuals who tend to be reserved and prefer solitary activities.

Question 7

Society's main standard for judging abnormal behavior is ________.&#10;A) the person's success in meeting societal expectations for performance in work, school, and in social relationships&#10;B) the person's experience of inner distress&#10;C) an individual's personal sense of well-being&#10;D) whether behavior conforms to what is socially expected

Accepted Answer

Society's main standard for judging abnormal behavior is whether behavior conforms to what is socially expected. This is based on cultural norms and values that dictate what is considered acceptable behavior within a particular society or community. Other factors, such as personal distress or impaired functioning, may also be considered in diagnosing mental disorders, but societal expectations are the primary criterion for determining abnormality.

Question 8

The legal term for someone who is so mentally disturbed that he or she is not considered responsible for his or her criminal actions is ________.&#10;A) psychosis&#10;B) psychopathology&#10;C) schizophrenia&#10;D) insanity

Accepted Answer

The legal term for someone who is not considered responsible for his or her criminal actions due to mental illness or defect is insanity. Psychosis and schizophrenia are mental disorders, but they do not necessarily mean that someone is legally insane. Psychopathology refers to the study of mental disorders, rather than a legal term.

Question 9

High functioning children with Asperger syndrome typically have ________ with speech or intellectual development, and have ________ interacting with other people.&#10;A) no difficulty; difficulty&#10;B) difficulty; no difficulty&#10;C) difficulty; difficulty&#10;D) no difficulty; no difficulty

Accepted Answer

High functioning children with Asperger syndrome typically have no difficulty with speech or intellectual development, but they do have difficulty interacting with other people.

Question 10

Sandra experiences multiple, intense fears, including fears of being alone, of being in public places from which escape might be difficult, of being in crowds, of traveling in automobiles, and of going through tunnels and over bridges. She is most likely suffering from ________.

A) an interactive phobia
B) agoraphobia
C) a social phobia
D) a specific phobia

Accepted Answer

Sandra's symptoms align with those of agoraphobia, which is characterized by a fear of being in situations or places where escape might be difficult, embarrassing, or unavailable. This often includes crowded or public places, traveling, and bridges/tunnels. Interactive phobia refers to a fear of interacting with specific objects or situations, social phobia involves a fear of social situations, and specific phobia involves a fear of a specific object or situation. None of these fully capture the range of fears that Sandra experiences.

Deck 12: Psychological Disorders