Question 1

We spend about one-________ of our lives sleeping.&#10;A) fifth&#10;B) third&#10;C) half&#10;D) fourth

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that the average person spends approximately one-third of their life sleeping.

Question 2

The active ingredient in marijuana is ________.&#10;A) PCB&#10;B) THC&#10;C) PCP&#10;D) LSD

Accepted Answer

THC (tetrahydrocannabinol) is the active ingredient in marijuana that is responsible for its psychoactive effects. PCB (polychlorinated biphenyl), PCP (phencyclidine), and LSD (lysergic acid diethylamide) are not found in marijuana and have different chemical structures and effects on the body.

Question 3

Each of the following is true except ________.&#10;A) new synthetic drugs with unpredictable consequences appear regularly in our culture&#10;B) until recently, most people in Western civilizations drank alcohol with every meal&#10;C) people today use drugs for the same reason people in the past used drugs&#10;D) today's psychoactive drugs are stronger than those used in other cultures and times

Accepted Answer

people today use drugs for the same reason people in the past used drugs

Question 4

Geraldine is a heavy coffee drinker who has become addicted to caffeine. If she completely ceases her intake of caffeine over the next few days, she is likely to experience each of the following except ________.

A) headaches
B) insomnia
C) lethargy
D) depression

Accepted Answer

Insomnia is not typically associated with caffeine withdrawal; instead, withdrawal often leads to increased fatigue or lethargy.

Question 5

The brain waves that characterize the sense of relaxed wakefulness we experience while lying on a beach or in a hammock or when resting after a big meal are ________ waves.&#10;A) theta&#10;B) alpha&#10;C) beta&#10;D) delta

Accepted Answer

Alpha waves are brain waves that occur when a person is awake but relaxed, such as when lying on a beach or resting after a big meal. Theta waves occur during light sleep or meditative states, beta waves occur during active thinking or concentration, and delta waves occur during deep sleep.

Question 6

Which of the following children would be most likely to suffer night terrors?&#10;A) a child who is under a lot of stress&#10;B) a child who had nightmares last night&#10;C) a child who slept much later than normal this morning&#10;D) a child who is very young

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following children would be...

Question 7

________ are chemicals that retard behavior by either speeding up or slowing down nerve impulses.&#10;A) Hallucinogens&#10;B) Depressants&#10;C) Stimulants&#10;D) Opiates

Accepted Answer

Depressants are chemicals that slow down nerve impulses, resulting in decreased activity in the nervous system and a sense of relaxation or calmness. Examples include alcohol, benzodiazepines, and barbiturates.

Question 8

Hypnotic susceptibility appears to ________.&#10;A) be almost completely learned&#10;B) be almost completely inherited&#10;C) vary from individual to individual&#10;D) be similar for almost everyone

Accepted Answer

Hypnotic susceptibility varies from individual to individual, it is not universally similar or completely learned/inherited.

Question 9

Arnold is at the company party and has had too much to drink. He releases all of his pent-up aggression by yelling at his boss, who promptly fires him. Arnold normally would not have yelled at his boss, but after drinking heavily he yelled because ________.

A) parties are places where employees are supposed to be able to "loosen up"
B) alcohol inhibits brain centers that control the perception of loudness
C) alcohol makes people less concerned with the negative consequences of their behavior
D) alcohol is a stimulant

Accepted Answer

Alcohol has been shown to decrease inhibitions and increase impulsive behavior by decreasing activity in the prefrontal cortex, the area of the brain responsible for decision-making and impulse control. This can lead individuals to act out in ways they normally wouldn't when sober, such as yelling at their boss. Additionally, alcohol can cause a person to perceive situations as more threatening or stressful than they truly are, making them more likely to react aggressively.

Question 10

Yvonne suffers from narcolepsy. Which of the following symptoms is she likely to have?&#10;A) temporary paralysis of the voluntary muscles while awakening from deep sleep&#10;B) lack of REM sleep at night&#10;C) breathing difficulties at night&#10;D) falling asleep without warning during alert activities during the day

Accepted Answer

Narcolepsy is a sleep disorder characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness and sudden, uncontrollable episodes of falling asleep during the day, even in the middle of an activity. Temporary paralysis of the voluntary muscles while awakening from deep sleep is a symptom of sleep paralysis, which can occur in individuals with narcolepsy. Lack of REM sleep at night and breathing difficulties at night are not common symptoms of narcolepsy.

Deck 4: Extension: States of Consciousness