Deck 1: An Introduction to the Human Body

Question 1

Food proteins are broken down into amino acids, building blocks that can then be used to build new proteins that make up muscles and bones. This is a good example of what human life process?

A) movement
B) reproduction
C) differentiation
D) metabolism

Answer 1

D

Question 2

In the anatomical position, the palms of the hands face:

A) Forward
B) Posteriorly
C) Laterally
D) Medially

Answer 2

A

Question 3

The word "dorsum" may be used to describe the
1) back of the hand
2) anterior surface of the body
3) top of the foot

A) 1 only
B) 2 only
C) 3only
D) 1 and 3

Answer 3

D

Question 4

The word that best describes the position of the gallbladder relative to the ascending colon is

A) contralateral
B) ipsilateral
C) inferior
D) intermediate

Question 5

Name the first form of medical imaging used to look at gross structures inside the body. It has been used in medicine since the 1940s and provides 'pictures' of internal structures in two-dimensional images where bones appear white, hollow structures (e.g. lungs) appear black, and structures of intermediate density (e.g. skin, fat, and muscle) appear as varying shades of gray.

A) magnetic resonance imaging
B) computed tomography
C) radiography
D) ultrasound scanning

Question 6

The two organ systems that have the primary responsibility for regulating body activities are

A) lymphatic and endocrine
B) nervous and endocrine
C) nervous and lymphatic
D) endocrine and respiratory

Question 7

What anatomical structure is being described using the following anatomical terms: medial to the ear (otic); lateral to the nose (nasal); inferior to the eye (orbital); and superior to the maxillary (upper) teeth?

A) cheek (buccal)
B) chin (mental)
C) eyebrow
D) forehead (frontal)

Question 8

An accident report submitted by an officer who is a former anatomy student contains the following statement: "The victim suffered a severe blow to the mental region." This means

A) the victim had a severe wound to the skull bones
B) the victim's brain was obviously injured
C) the victim was struck on the chin
D) the victim witnessed a shocking event

Question 9

Serous membranes are associated with the

A) pleural cavity
B) pericardial cavity
C) abdominal cavity
D) all of these choices

Question 10

Which of the following imaging procedures is best used to study the physiology of body structures, such as metabolism of the brain or heart?

A) sonography
B) MRI
C) CT
D) none of these choices

Question 11

Which of the following statements is false?

A) the diaphragm separates the abdominal cavity from the pelvic cavity
B) the esophagus is located in the mediastinum
C) the vertebral canal contains the spinal cord
D) the pleural cavities, containing the lungs, are part of the thoracic cavity

Question 12

A _____ section of the body or organ would reveal its right and left side

A) sagittal
B) frontal (coronal)
C) oblique
D) any of these choices

Question 13

From the following list, which would be considered a "symptom" of an illness rather than a "sign?"

A) blood pressure
B) heart rate
C) anxiety
D) fever

Question 14

A transverse plane
1) is also known as the coronal plane
2) is also known as a horizontal plane or cross-sectional plane
3) divides the body into right and left sections

A) 1 only
B) 2 only
C) 3 only
D) both 2 and 3 are correct

Question 15

The transformation of a single fertilized human egg cell into a unique individual is a good example of what human life process?

A) metabolism
B) responsiveness
C) differentiation
D) movement

Question 16

The four basic types of tissues in the body are

A) skeletal, muscular, epithelial, nervous
B) connective, muscle, nervous, epithelial
C) vascular, nervous, epithelial, connective
D) muscle, nervous, skeletal, connective

Question 17

The kidney is _____ to the stomach.

A) Anterior
B) Inferior
C) Distal
D) Dorsal

Question 18

Name the two most specific body cavities that would be sectioned if a transverse plane were passed through the umbilicus.

A) abdominal and pelvic
B) pelvic and thoracic
C) thoracic and vertebral canal
D) abdominal and vertebral canal

Question 19

The levels of structural organization from least complex to most complex are as follows:

A) chemical, cellular, organ, tissue, system
B) cellular, organ, chemical, tissue, system
C) chemical, cellular, tissue, organ, system
D) chemical, system, tissue, cellular, organ

Question 20

Most specifically, the heart is located in the

A) pericardial cavity
B) thoracic cavity
C) mediastinum
D) all of these choices

Question 21

Detective I. M. Smart (a former anatomy student) was called to investigate a murder scene. The victim was lying in a supine position, his glazed eyes staring skyward, legs together with toes pointing upward, arms by his sides, palms facing upward. Smart concluded that the victim was found in the anatomical position. Was he correct? Why or why not?

Question 22

The mediastinum contains the heart, lungs, trachea, esophagus, and major blood vessels.

Question 23

The epigastric region is superior to the hypogastric region.

Question 24

Gross anatomy involves the microscopic study of the structure of tissues.

Question 25

The lymphatic system is responsible for the transportation of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the lungs and body tissues.

Question 26

The hypogastric region is lateral to the hypochondriac region.

Question 27

A patient suffering from a sinus infection would be treated for a systemic illness.

Question 28

The antebrachial region is distal to the antecubital region.

Question 29

Describe three functions of the lymphatic system.

Question 30

The serous membrane associated with the lungs is called the pleural membrane.

Question 31

Distinguish between a "sign" and a "symptom" with respect to an illness.

Question 32

Describe the structure of a serous membrane including the names of the individual layers. Name three important serous membranes in the body and list the organ(s) they surround.

Question 33

The patellar region is superior to the inguinal region.

Question 34

Explain why measurements are important when evaluating the status of the human body.

Question 35

A patient's vital signs (height, weight, temperature) will most likely be measured and reported in meters, kilograms and centigrade, respectively.

Question 36

The knee is proximal to the ankle.

Question 37

The descending colon of the large intestine extends from the left lumbar region into the left iliac region.

Question 38

The body's ability to detect and react to changes in its internal and external environment is referred to as "responsiveness."

Question 39

A patient being imaged by MRI is not allowed to have any metal on him. Why?

Question 40

Describe, in words, the frontal (coronal), transverse, midsagittal, and parasagittal planes. Now illustrate these planes by drawing a simple figure.

Question 41

The spinal cord is a component of the _____ system.

Question 42

Organs such as the kidneys that are located behind the parietal peritoneum are described as _____ organs.

Question 43

The larynx belongs to the _____ system.

Question 44

A section through the left eyeball that produces equal right and left portions of the eyeball would be a _____ section of the eyeball.

Question 45

The large intestine is found in the _____ cavity.

Question 46

The right lobe of the liver is located in the _____ region of the abdominopelvic cavity.

Question 47

A lymphocyte is an example of which level of body organization?

Question 48

The right iliac region of the abdomen is _____ to the right lumbar region.

Question 49

What type of section was performed on this torso?

Question 50

The serous membrane on the external surface of the small intestine is the _____.

Question 51

The _____ pleura lines the external surface of the lungs and the _____ pleura lines the chest wall.

Question 52

Oil glands are a component of the _____ system.

Question 53

The _____ region of the abdominopelvic cavity contains the rectum and the urinary bladder.

Question 54

A system consists of related _____ that have a common function.

Question 55

The system responsible for movement of limbs, maintenance of posture, and production of heat is the _____ system.

Question 56

The ureter belongs to the _____ system.

Question 57

The spleen is a(n) _____ organ.

Question 58

The _____ system enables the body to detect and respond to environmental change through the propagation of impulses.

Question 59

Regulatory chemicals produced by endocrine glands are called _____.

Question 60

In the anatomical position, the thumb is _____ to the index finger.

Question 61

Which letter is pointing to the axillary region?

A) F
B) D
C) I
D) G

Question 62

Which letter is pointing to the patellar region?

A) F
B) I
C) A
D) L

Question 63

Which letter is pointing to the digital region?

A) E
B) C
C) D
D) H

Question 64

The skin along with its derivatives is an example of which level of body organization?

Question 65

The salivary glands belong to which level of body organization?

Question 66

Which letter is pointing to the thoracic region?

A) C
B) F
C) K
D) M

Question 67

Which letter is pointing to the olecranal region?

A) K
B) I
C) L
D) E

Question 68

Which letter is pointing to the cephalic region?

A) L
B) M
C) G
D) J

Question 69

Which letter is pointing to the mental region?

A) H
B) B
C) J
D) L

Question 70

Which letter is pointing to the tarsal region?

A) F
B) D
C) E
D) G

Question 71

Which letter is pointing to the plantar region?

A) E
B) D
C) F
D) K

Question 72

Which letter is pointing to the carpal region?

A) E
B) J
C) H
D) L

Question 73

Which letter is pointing to the coxal region?

A) A
B) D
C) K
D) I