Deck 12: Sexual Offenders Psychology of Criminal Behaviour

Question 1

Defined in the DSM-5,an "intense and persistent sexual interest other than sexual interest in genital stimulation or preparatory fondling with phenotypically normal,physically mature,consenting human partners" is:

A)pedophilia
B)paraphilia
C)sexual deviance
D)unlawful romantic interest

Answer 1

paraphilia

Question 2

The most accurate instruments that are used to predict sexual offence recidivism employ which approach to risk assessment?

A)Structured professional judgment
B)Mechanical judgment
C)Unstructured clinical judgment
D)Empirical actuarial judgment

Answer 2

Empirical actuarial judgment

Question 3

All of the following are challenges that researchers face when studying the effectiveness of sexual offender treatment except:

A)it is difficult to find a proper control group to compare to the treatment group
B)it is difficult to find participants when identities of those in treatment are kept confidential
C)it is difficult to find sufficient participants to study because recidivism rates are low
D)it is difficult to find untreated offenders because most sexual offenders receive treatment

Answer 3

it is difficult to find participants when identities of those in treatment are kept confidential

Question 4

There is clear evidence that sexual offending is on the rise in Canada.

Question 5

Teens are more likely to commit sexual offences than adults.

Question 6

In terms of treatment for sex offenders:

A)harsher prison sentencing is an effective deterrent of post-release sexual recidivism
B)the enforcement of public registries and community notification serves to reduce recidivism by a significant amount
C)evidence does not support the effectiveness of prison as a deterrent of post-release sexual recidivism
D)evidence does support the effectiveness of prison as a deterrent of post-release sexual recidivism

Question 7

Research indicates that sexual offender treatment is most effective in reducing recidivism if:

A)it conforms to risk-needs-responsivity principles
B)it includes pharmacological treatment
C)it is delivered one-on-one compared to in a group setting
D)the researchers compare those who complete treatment to those who drop out

Question 8

Beliefs that condone,justify,excuse,minimize,rationalize,or otherwise support sexual offending are called:

A)cognitive biases
B)offender justifications
C)rape myths
D)sexual offender philosophies

Question 9

In terms of sexual abuse,children are most often victimized by family members and adolescents,while adults are most often victimized by acquaintances or friends.

Question 10

If the treatment to reduce deviant sexual interests includes presenting the person with deviant stimuli such as picture of children while an unpleasant odour or ammonia is inhaled the treatment approach is:

A)behavioural treatment
B)cognitive-behavioural therapy
C)pharmacological therapy
D)anti-androgen therapy

Question 11

The following is true about the use of community notifications and sex offender registries:

A)they are effective at reducing sexual offence recidivism
B)both sets of information are accessible to the public in Canada
C)they interfere with safe reintegration of offenders into the community
D)little is known about their effectiveness in managing risk of sexual offenders

Question 12

The terms pedophile and child molester can be used interchangeably.

Question 13

One of the top predictors of sexual recidivism is:

A)intimacy deficits
B)anxiety level
C)antisocial orientation
D)sexual deviancy

Question 14

The following is true regarding the effectiveness of treatment programs for sexual recidivism:

A)treatment programs seem to have similar positive results,regardless of their approach
B)it is difficult to ascertain the effectiveness so no general statement can be made
C)treatment programs do not work for sexual recidivism
D)significantly lower rates of sexual recidivism are found for the treated group compared to the untreated group

Question 15

In Finkelhor's Model to explain sex offending,the factor that refers to the "fit between the adult's emotional needs and the child's characteristics" is called:

A)blockage
B)emotional availability
C)emotional congruence
D)emotional matching

Question 16

All paraphilic disorders involve illegal behaviour.

Question 17

Which risk assessment instrument is used to predict sexual offence recidivism in adolescents specifically?

A)ERASOR
B)Static-99
C)VRS-SO
D)PCL: YV

Question 18

The age group that is at the highest risk for sexual victimization is:

A)children
B)teenagers
C)young adults
D)older adults

Question 19

Research on cognitive distortions in sexual offenders has concluded that they:

A)are more likely than non-sexual offenders to hold rape myths,and that changes in these beliefs result in changes in recidivism
B)are more likely than non-sexual offenders to hold rape myths,but that changes in these beliefs are not related to changes in recidivism
C)commit different types of sexual offences depending on the types of rape myths that they believe
D)commit various sexual offences regardless of the types of rape myths that they believe

Question 20

According to the police-reported (UCR) in 2013,with the exception of child pornography,since 2003:

A)there has been an increase in sex offending in Canada
B)there has been a decrease in sex offending in Canada
C)the majority of assaults were sexual attacks
D)all age groups were at risk for sexual victimization

Question 21

Arrest or conviction for a new sexual offence following an initial sex offence conviction is relatively rare.

Question 22

Describe how the criminal justice system attempts to manage and treat the risk of sexual offenders.

Question 23

Explain why it is important to consider dynamic risk factors for sex offending.

Question 24

"Young men are involved in intense competition,competitively disadvantaged offenders are trying to make the best of a bad deal,and psychopaths are pursuing a finely tuned alternative strategy of defection and aggression." Explain your understanding of the meaning this quote from Lalumière and colleagues (2005).

Question 25

Sexual offenders with the highest levels of emotional congruence with children are most likely to offend against children to whom they are not related.

Question 26

Sexual offence recidivism rates are higher than rates of non-sexual violent recidivism and any violent recidivism.

Question 27

According to the DSM-5,what is pedophilia?

Question 28

Describe the Static-99,a risk assessment instrument used to predict sexual offence recidivism.

Question 29

One of the issues with the Static-99 is that the risk factors for sexual offending included in the instrument change over time,making prediction of recidivism difficult.

Question 30

Describe Finkelhor's Four Factor and Seto's Motivation-Facilitation Models of Child Sexual Offending.

Question 31

What is the association between childhood sexual abuse and sexual offending?

Question 32

How are sexually deviant interests measured?

Question 33

Most research on sex offending has successfully establishing causal links between risk factors and sexual offending.

Question 34

Provide an overview of the scope of sex offending in Canada.

Question 35

Studies generally find an association between childhood sexual abuse and sexual offending.