Deck 38: Endocrine System Function and Assessment

Question 1

A physician is palpating a patient's thyroid gland. How can the nurse assist with this procedure?

A)Assist the patient to a supine position.
B)Ask the patient to extend the neck.
C)Give the patient a sip of water.
D)Have the patient take a deep breath.

Answer 1

Give the patient a sip of water.

Question 2

Which hormone lowers the blood glucose level by enabling cells to take in glucose?

A)Growth hormone
B)Cortisol
C)Glucagon
D)Insulin

Answer 2

Insulin

Question 3

What are the effects of epinephrine? (Select all that apply.?

A)Increases heart rate and force of contraction
B)Stimulates vasoconstriction in skin and most viscera
C)Constricts bronchioles
D)Decreases peristalsis
E)Stimulates the liver to convert glycogen to glucose

Answer 3

Increases heart rate and force of contraction
Stimulates vasoconstriction in skin and most viscera
Decreases peristalsis
Stimulates the liver to convert glycogen to glucose

Question 4

Which endocrine gland is palpable?

A)Pancreas
B)Thyroid
C)Adrenal
D)Pituitary

Question 5

Which explanation correctly describes a negative feedback mechanism for the secretion of a hormone?

A)The effect of the hormone reverses the initial stimulus.
B)The hormone has negative or decreasing effects on its target organ.
C)The effect of the hormone increases the initial stimulus.
D)The hormone stops a particular response by its target organ.

Question 6

A patient is having a thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) stimulation test. After injection of TRH, what response would the nurse expect in a patient with normal thyroid function?

A)Elevated T3 and T4
B)Decreased T3 and T4
C)Elevated calcitonin
D)Decreased calcitonin

Question 7

A 62-year-old woman is being seen for a routine physical exam and states, "I've really slowed down this year; I'm feeling my age." Which of the following comments by the nurse is most appropriate?

A)"Mild diabetes often develops with age; I'll see if the doctor wants me to check your blood sugar."
B)"Aging causes the basal metabolic rate to change, and it's often normal to have less energy, but you should still mention it to the doctor."
C)"You're probably feeling tired because your body increases the release of growth hormone as you age."
D)"A decrease in parathyroid hormone secretion occurs with age, and that can make you feel tired. The doctor may want to check your calcium levels."

Question 8

The nurse should never palpate the thyroid gland of a patient with which disorder?

A)Hypothyroidism
B)Hyperthyroidism
C)Goiter
D)Hypoparathyroidism

Question 9

The hormones of the anterior pituitary gland are secreted in response to releasing hormones from which structure?

A)Thyroid gland
B)Adrenal glands
C)Posterior pituitary
D)Hypothalamus

Question 10

Which hormone is secreted by the anterior pituitary gland?

A)Antidiuretic hormone
B)Thyroid hormone
C)Adrenocorticotropic hormone
D)Parathyroid hormone

Question 11

Which hormones are secreted by the anterior pituitary gland? (Select all that apply.?

A)Thyroid-stimulating hormone
B)Oxytocin
C)Adrenocorticotropic hormone
D)Prolactin
E)Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
F)Calcitonin

Question 12

Which hormone increases the rate of cell division?

A)Insulin
B)Thyroxine
C)Growth hormone
D)Cortisol

Question 13

Antidiuretic hormone and oxytocin are produced by which gland?

A)Posterior pituitary gland
B)Anterior pituitary gland
C)Adrenal cortex
D)Hypothalamus

Question 14

Which two hormones cause the liver to convert glycogen to glucose?

A)Thyroxine and insulin
B)Insulin and cortisol
C)Parathyroid hormone (PTH) and oxytocin
D)Glucagon and epinephrine

Question 15

Which two hormones work in opposition to regulate the blood glucose level?

A)Epinephrine and aldosterone
B)Insulin and glucagon
C)Thyroxine and aldosterone
D)Cortisol and calcitonin

Question 16

The nurse is preparing a patient for a thyroid scan. Which explanation by the nurse is appropriate?

A)"Sound waves will be used to create a picture of your thyroid gland."
B)"A thyroid scan is simply an x-ray of your thyroid gland."
C)"You will be given radioactive iodine, and a special camera will take pictures of your thyroid gland."
D)"You will be placed in a large instrument that uses magnetic energy to create an image of your thyroid gland."

Question 17

Which hormone increases calcium absorption by the kidneys?

A)Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
B)Parathyroid hormone
C)Calcitonin
D)Aldosterone

Question 18

The nurse is assessing a patient with a thyroid disorder. What question by the nurse is most appropriate?

A)"Has your weight changed?"
B)"Have you experienced numbness or tingling?"
C)"Have you been very thirsty?"
D)"Have you been having muscle spasms?"

Question 19

What stimulates the release of calcitonin from the thyroid gland?

A)Hypocalcemia
B)Hypercalcemia
C)Hypokalemia
D)Hyperkalemia
Multiple Response
Identify one or more choices that best complete the statement or answer the question.

Question 20

The nurse must collect a 24-hour urine specimen for cortisol. The patient is incontinent. How can the nurse collect the specimen?

A)Place an incontinence brief on the patient, and record the weight of each brief.
B)Place an incontinence brief on the patient, and send all briefs to the laboratory.
C)Keep the patient on a bedpan at all times during the test.
D)Obtain an order for an indwelling catheter for the duration of the test.

Question 21

An oral glucose tolerance test result of greater than or equal to ________________mg/dL at 2 hours indicates diabetes mellitus.

Question 22

Which of the following are hormones of the adrenal cortex? (Select all that apply.?

A)Norepinephrine
B)Epinephrine
C)Aldosterone
D)Cortisol
E)ACTH
F)GHRH
Completion
Complete each statement.