Question 1

Which of the following radiographic studies is no longer recommended by the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) as a screening examination for individuals with Down syndrome?&#10;A)Skull x-rays&#10;B)Pelvic x-rays&#10;C)Cervical spine x-rays&#10;D)Thoracic spine x-rays&#10;E)Lumbar spine x-rays

Accepted Answer

Individuals with Down syndrome are at increased risk of atlantoaxial subluxation. The AAP previously recommended routine radiologic screening of the cervical spine in asymptomatic children and adolescents. However, because radiographs do not accurately predict which children are at increased risk, the AAP no longer supports this practice. The other studies were never recommended as screening examinations.

Question 2

Part of the screening orthopedic component of the examination includes evaluating the person while&#10;A)performing push-ups.&#10;B)duck walking.&#10;C)twisting at the waist.&#10;D)crossing the arms over the chest.&#10;E)performing jumping-jacks.

Accepted Answer

Duck walking for four steps assesses hip, knee, and ankle range of motion, strength, and balance.

Question 3

Your 15-year-old patient appears to have a too-thin body build. Radiography of an ankle injury reveals a stress fracture. You should question this patient about her&#10;A)sleep patterns.&#10;B)salt intake.&#10;C)aerobic workouts.&#10;D)menstrual cycles.&#10;E)family history.

Accepted Answer

A too-thin body encourages a low estrogen state and the possibility of menstrual dysfunction and a resultant osteopenia or osteoporosis. This state increases the risk of stress fractures. This patient should be questioned about amenorrhea. The thorough menstrual history is a critical component of the PPE in female athletes.

Question 4

The goals of preparticipation sports evaluation (PPE) include&#10;A)screening for steroid use or abuse.&#10;B)determining the best fit for positions in each sport.&#10;C)identify health problems that increase risk of injury or death during participation.&#10;D)securing a legal contract before recommending limiting participation.&#10;E)predict brain injury and concussion.

Accepted Answer

The overall goal of the PPE is to ensure safe participation in an appropriate physical activity and not to restrict participation unnecessarily. A preparticipation evaluation may not predict a brain injury and concussion, but it can help you learn the normal neuropsychologic status of the person involved before injury.

Question 5

You are conducting a preparticipation physical examination for a 10-year-old girl with Down syndrome who will be playing soccer. She has increased deep tendon reflexes, ankle clonus, and a positive Babinski sign. What would be your next course of action?

A)Cervical spine radiograph
B)Immediate referral to a neurosurgeon
C)Mini-Mental State Examination
D)Nerve conduction studies
E)Visual acuity

Accepted Answer

This girl is experiencing symptoms of atlantoaxial joint instability. These examination findings require immediate referral to a neurosurgeon with expertise in atlantoaxial instability.

Question 6

The checkout station for preparticipation physical evaluation (PPE) is critical because at this point&#10;A)all completed forms are distributed.&#10;B)parental cosignatures are obtained.&#10;C)the relevant history is obtained.&#10;D)data is reviewed and follow-up actions coordinated&#10;E)a primary care visit will not be required.

Accepted Answer

At the checkout station, data collected during the evaluation are reviewed, and necessary follow-up actions are shared with the athlete, parents, or both. In addition, the written report is distributed. If the PPE is not itself a comprehensive service that addresses issues unrelated to sports participation, the need for routine primary care remains.

Question 7

Which medical condition would exclude one from sports participation?&#10;A)Asthma&#10;B)Fever&#10;C)Controlled seizures&#10;D)Stage 1 hypertension&#10;E)Sickle cell trait

Accepted Answer

Fever can increase cardiopulmonary effort and impair exercise capacity; fever can indicate myocarditis or other infections that make exercise dangerous. Asthma, seizures, stage 1 hypertension, and sickle cell trait, when controlled, do not exclude exercise.

Question 8

Which of the following may be a component of the female athlete triad?&#10;A)Heavy menstrual periods&#10;B)Fevers&#10;C)Seizures&#10;D)Weight gain&#10;E)Binging and purging

Accepted Answer

A trio of problems, disordered eating, amenorrhea, and osteoporosis, defines the female athlete triad. An energy deficit may sometimes occur unintentionally but at other times intentionally (e.g., bingeing and purging; using laxatives, diuretics, and diet pills inappropriately).

Question 9

One of the most important aspects to consider in all portions of the orthopedic screening examination is&#10;A)muscle contraction.&#10;B)flexibility.&#10;C)muscle development.&#10;D)balance.&#10;E)symmetry.

Accepted Answer

One of the most important aspects to consider when conducting an orthopedic examination is to look for symmetry of muscle, stature, and joint movement.

Question 10

A parent is advised to restrict contact or collision sports participation for his or her child. An example of a sport in which this child could participate is&#10;A)hockey.&#10;B)roller skating.&#10;C)track.&#10;D)skateboarding.&#10;E)diving.

Accepted Answer

Hockey and diving are considered a contact or collision sport; roller skating and skateboarding are considered to be limited-contact sports. Track is a noncontact sport.

Question 11

Which of the following statements is true regarding sports-related concussions?&#10;A)They are only caused by a direct blow to the head.&#10;B)They may or may not involve a loss of consciousness.&#10;C)They are usually associated with abnormal neuroimaging studies.&#10;D)Symptoms largely reflect structural rather than functional disturbances.&#10;E)They typically result in delayed onset of symptoms that rarely resolve spontaneously.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following statements is true...

Deck 23: Sports Participation Evaluation