Deck 3: Measurement of Crime and Its Effects

Question 1

Under current law,restitution may be ordered in cases of

A)sex offenses.
B)telemarketing fraud.
C)domestic violence.
D)All of the above

Answer 1

D

Question 2

A person who is visiting another state and is victimized could file a victim's compensation claim in his or her home state.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Many states prohibit police officers victimized while on duty from filing for victim's compensation.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Restitution is often a hollow award when the offender lacks funds to pay as the court has ordered.

Question 5

Drunk driving victims are not allowed to file for victim's compensation in any state participating in VOCA.

Question 6

All states have laws that exclude parties from collecting victim's compensation when there is a determination of contributory misconduct.

Question 7

The U.S.Supreme Court prohibits judges from requiring the payment of restitution.

Question 8

Some states have very few victims' compensation claims for domestic violence.

Question 9

All states permit a convicted person serving only a sentence of probation to file for victim's compensation.

Question 10

Most states allow payment of a portion of an attorney's fee for helping the victim complete the application process for the compensation claim form.

Question 11

Some states have a small deductible amount that must be reached before they will pay compensation.

Question 12

As part of the compensation requirements,most states require that the victim promptly report the crime to the police.

Question 13

According to the textbook,the concept of requiring the violator to make the victim whole is not new,having first appeared in the

A)Code of Hammurabi.
B)Ten Commandments.
C)Saxony Penal Code.
D)Ghirbalidi's luminous.

Question 14

In the past,domestic violence victims were summarily denied compensation.

Question 15

Currently,all states permit domestic violence victims to file for compensation.

Question 16

Eligibility issues pose complex and emotional problems for victims.

Question 17

Judges usually view restitution as a punishment for the offender.

Question 18

Federal requirements include a mandate that all states must have distinct,hard and fast rules regarding contributory misconduct determinations.

Question 19

Restitution may be ordered to pay for the victim's cost of arranging for child day-care while testifying in the criminal trial of the offender.

Question 20

Victims usually view restitution as a compensation for losses.

Question 21

Most victim compensation programs are ___agencies employing only a handful of staff.

Question 22

The most common method of securing the actual payment of restitution for the victim is

A)threatening to publish information about failure to pay in the local newspapers.
B)requiring payment as a condition of probation.
C)suspending driving privileges until restitution is made.
D)incarcerating the offender until his or her family makes restitution.

Question 23

Not all victims of every crime are eligible for state compensation.What are some of the disqualifiers?

Question 24

What are collateral financial sources in the victim's compensation considered to be?

Question 25

Victim ____ includes services such as crisis intervention,counseling,emergency transportation to court,temporary housing,advocacy,and criminal justice support.

Question 26

Restitution may take the form of

A)payments to the individual victim.
B)payments to the community.
C)work or service to the community.
D)All of the above

Question 27

Modern ___ as we know it today can be traced to the criminal laws that authorized suspended sentences and the use of probation.

Question 28

Explain the types of restitution.

Question 29

What are the criticisms of the compensation paid to victims of September 11?

Question 30

Historically ____ was not considered a violent crime that entitled the victim to state-funded compensation.

Question 31

Wade was involved in an automobile accident in a state that did not have a victim's compensation program.Because there was no local program,he decided not to report to the police the fact that the other driver was drunk and had failed to obey the stop sign.When he returned home,he applied for compensation.Should Wade recover?

Question 32

___ misconduct occurs when victims participate in the crime or otherwise contribute to their injuries by their own conduct.

Question 33

The ___ _ __laws frequently authorize the states to seize monies earned from selling book/movie biographies rights and paid interviews.

Question 34

Jerry,while driving in excess of the posted speed limit,was hit by a drunk driver who failed to obey a stop sign.Should Jerry be eligible for victim's compensation?

Question 35

The lack of ____ in most victim services agencies creates delays in processing claims and payment of compensation.

Question 36

The various state ____ programs are represented by the National Association of Crime Victim Compensation Boards (NACVCB).

Question 37

The process where third parties are asked to reimburse the state for compensation payments previously made to the victim.

A)Subrogation
B)Contributory restitution
C)Limited liability
D)Compensated liability

Question 38

The state of ____ established the first compensation program in 1965.

Question 39

What were the two critical findings of the ABA survey of restitution directors?

Question 40

___ is a court-ordered sanction that involves payment of compensation by the defendant to the victim for injuries suffered as a result of the defendant's criminal act.

Question 41

Victim impact panels and victim impact statements both serve to allow victims to express their feelings regarding the consequences of crime.

Question 42

Following the discussions in a victim impact panel,each violator is brought before the panel and asked to confess his or her crime and accept blame in exchange for a lighter sentence.

Question 43

Victims serving on impact panels report that the trauma of having to share their experience far outweighs the benefits.

Question 44

Many law enforcement agencies have established police-based victim assistance programs.

Question 45

Law enforcement officers should understand the victim impact process because

A)many departments require officers to inform victims of their rights.
B)the officer can demonstrate concern for the victim by providing the information.
C)victims often reward assisting officers a fee for their assistance.
D)many departments require officers to inform victims of their rights and the officer can demonstrate concern for the victim by providing the information.

Question 46

Davis and Smith found that victim impact statements didn't impact sentencing once the charge and the violator's record were considered by the court.

Question 47

According to the textbook,the use of victim impact panels in response to DWI violations has proven to be 90% more effective than traditional measures.

Question 48

The _____ presents the victim's point of view to the sentencing authority.

A)victim compensation claim
B)victim affidavit
C)victim impact statement
D)victim attorney

Question 49

According to the textbook,the victim impact statement is a fundamental right bestowed upon the victim.

Question 50

The issue of due process in the use of victim impact statements is the inability of the defense to confront the witness.

Question 51

There is some argument that the decision in Payne v.Tennessee leaves prosecutors and defense attorneys scrambling to determine what type of evidence is admissible under the guise of victim impact statements.

Question 52

According to the textbook,it is up to _____to ensure that victims participate at the sentencing hearing.

A)defense attorneys
B)police
C)prosecutors
D)judges

Question 53

The doctrine of fundamental fairness accepts the concept that due process is a generalized command that requires states to provide the defendant with a fair trial.

Question 54

MADD believes that victim impact panels should replace the use of a traditional court in DWI offenses.

Question 55

Some Supreme Court justices have indicated that the use of victim impact statements violates the defendant's due process rights.

Question 56

Robert Wells' research indicates that victim impact statements negatively impact the psychological recovery of victims.

Question 57

In an alcohol-related victim impact panel,the panel members would consist of

A)DWI experts.
B)DWI victims.
C)law enforcement officials.
D)drivers arrested for DWI.

Question 58

Davis found that judges claim they endorse the use of victim impact statements,but prosecutors do not believe in them.

Question 59

Early research indicates that state trial judges reject the use of financial information in victim impact statements.

Question 60

The victim's group that is a principal supporter of the use of victim impact panels.

A)FBI
B)VIP
C)MADD
D)ICAPP

Question 61

In recent years,many law enforcement agencies have established ____victim assistance programs.

Question 62

Discuss the use of victim impact statements,particularly in trials where the death penalty or life imprisonment is an option.Focus on the due process issue that is in question in the use of these statements.

Question 63

The VIP is generally a program for offenders of DUI of alcohol or drugs.

Question 64

The victim impact statement becomes part of the court case and a ___ record.

Question 65

The first known victim impact statement in the United States was in 1976 in the state of ____.

Question 66

In ____,the court completely reversed itself and allowed the imposition of a death sentence to stand,based in part on evidence contained in a VIS.

Question 67

How do victim impact panels (VIPs)function and what are their purposes?

Question 68

What is the content of a VIS?

Question 69

Who should submit the VIS statement if the victim is unable to?

Question 70

_____should participate in the victim impact process by ensuring that victims are made aware of the opportunity to present their views prior to sentencing.

Question 71

The doctrine of fundamental ___accepts the concept that due process is a generalized command that requires states to provide the defendant with a fair trial.

Question 72

Robert Wells,a noted authority,has stated that VISs may promote the ____ recovery of victims.

Question 73

The President's Task Force on _____ addressed the issue of victim participation at sentencing.

Question 74

The case of ________followed the rationale of Booth and held unconstitutional the imposition of a death penalty based on prosecutorial remarks that were considered inflammatory.

Question 75

Explain the "doctrine of fundamental fairness."

Question 76

Judy,who works at a local dinner and is a high school dropout,requests that you assist her in preparing a VIS.She has been raped and the offender's trial is next week.How much or what part of the VIS may you prepare for her?

Question 77

What should you advise Judy before you prepare the VIS discussed in the preceding question?