Deck 16: Consumer and Marketing Misbehavior

Question 1

Contractualism reflects beliefs about the social acceptability of an act.

Answer 1

False
Relativism reflects beliefs about the social acceptability of an act.

Question 2

It is when societal goals are out of reach given the accepted means of achieving them that deviance occurs.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Culture jamming refers to attempts to disrupt advertisements and marketing campaigns by altering the messages in some meaningful way.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Kleptomania is generally triggered by a strong compulsion and the inability of the consumer to fight the urge to shoplift.

Question 5

Purchasing and using a product for a day before returning it for a refund is a practice known as retail borrowing.

Question 6

Consumer misbehavior and consumer problem behavior are synonymous and can be used interchangeably.

Question 7

Consumer misbehavior expedites the flow of consumption activities.

Question 8

Deontological evaluations focus on the consequences of behaviors and the individual's assessment of those consequences.

Question 9

When consumer misbehavior is the outcome of a deliberate decision-making process that weighs the risks and rewards of the behavior,it is referred to as opportunism.

Question 10

Adolescents tend to consider shoplifting as being more ethical than do adult shoppers.

Question 11

Consumers who engage in retail borrowing decrease product costs.

Question 12

Moral equity represents beliefs regarding an act's fairness or justness.

Question 13

Attribution theory explains why groups of people replace one set of acceptable norms with another set that others view as unacceptable.

Question 14

Teleological evaluations focus on how people accomplish their goals.

Question 15

Dysfunctional fan behavior refers to abnormal functioning relating to sporting event consumption.

Question 16

In consumer misbehavior,consumers seek to maximize the benefits they receive from an action while maximizing their own costs.

Question 17

Consumer problem behavior refers to behaviors that are seemingly outside of a consumer's control.

Question 18

Consumers tend to view the act of illegal downloading as less morally ethical and socially acceptable when the motivation for the act is primarily based on hedonic value than if the motivation is based on utilitarian value.

Question 19

Compulsive shoppers tend to focus on the mental highs associated with "the hunt," whereas compulsive buyers feel the need to buy.

Question 20

Relativism refers to beliefs about the violation of written (or unwritten)laws.

Question 21

The Consumer Bill of Rights,which today stands as a foundation of the consumerism movement,was introduced in 1962.

Question 22

Theodore Levitt's article,"Marketing Myopia," brought about a new perspective that argued that businesses should define themselves in terms of the products that they make rather than in terms of the consumer needs they satisfy.

Question 23

The term "puffery" describes making exaggerated claims about a product's superiority.

Question 24

Research indicates that consumers are more likely to purchase products when disclaimers are presented very quickly especially for unknown or untrusted brands.

Question 25

Desirable products deliver both high utilitarian and hedonic value.

Question 26

The Wheeler-Lea Act prohibits restraint of free trade.

Question 27

The marketing concept proposes that all the functions of the organization should work together in satisfying the marketers' wants and needs.

Question 28

Deficient products are products that offer high hedonic value.

Question 29

Morals are personal standards and beliefs that are used to guide individual action.

Question 30

Marketing ethics consist of societal and professional standards of right and fair practices that are expected of marketing managers as they develop and implement marketing strategies.

Question 31

Corporate social responsibility may be defined as an organization's activities and status related to its societal obligations.

Question 32

The societal marketing concept considers the needs of society along with the wants and needs of individual consumers.

Question 33

Altruistic duties include giving back to communities through philanthropic activities.

Question 34

Consumerism is used to describe the activities of various groups to protect basic consumer rights.

Question 35

Public criticism of marketing strategies tends to be most intense when a marketer targets vulnerable consumer groups with harmful products.

Question 36

Salutary products offer high utilitarian value,but low hedonic value.

Question 37

Strategic initiatives include strategically engaging in socially responsible activities in order to increase the value of the firm.

Question 38

The practice of managing and intentionally setting discontinue dates for products is known as planned obsolescence.

Question 39

Pleasing products are products that provide hedonic value to consumers but may be harmful in the long run.

Question 40

College students who have higher self-actualization values generally have lower attitudes toward binge drinking,whereas students who value social affiliation tend to have more positive attitudes toward the behavior.

Question 41

Price gouging is the act of charging a higher than reasonable price for a good that occurs following some kind of natural disaster or event.

Question 42

While on a holiday in China,Nina was invited by one of her Chinese friends to her home for tea.While being served tea,Nina noticed that Yin poured the tea in such a way that the spout of the teapot was not pointing directly at Nina,as such an act of pointing the spout at the person being served would be considered impolite in Chinese culture.Which of the following best represents the cultural perception of such an act as being impolite?

A) Rationalism
B) Contractualism
C) Relativism
D) Determinism
E) Utilitarianism

Question 43

The focal motivation for consumer misbehavior is _____.

A) value
B) belief
C) trust
D) esteem
E) ethic

Question 44

Which of the following represents beliefs about the social acceptability of an act?

A) Rationalism
B) Contractualism
C) Relativism
D) Determinism
E) Utilitarianism

Question 45

Purchasing and using a product for a day before returning it for a refund is a practice known as _____.

A) shoplifting
B) differential association
C) retail borrowing
D) pilferage
E) illicit sharing

Question 46

The "I'm working for you!" technique relies on equity theory.

Question 47

With strict liability,an injured consumer would have to show that the firm could foresee a potential injury that might occur and then decided not to act on that knowledge.

Question 48

Sam is a music buff.He downloads the latest music from unregistered sites,compiles them,and shares them with his friends.Sam,who is otherwise a law-abiding citizen,believes that such an act cannot be sanctioned by law.Which of the following best represents Sam's belief?

A) Contractualism
B) Rationalism
C) Relativism
D) Determinism
E) Utilitarianism

Question 49

To have a sales orientation means that the salesperson is more focused on long-term customer satisfaction and relationship development than on immediate sale and short-term results.

Question 50

Compared to a magistrate,a jury tends to be less sympathetic and is much less likely to award substantive punitive as well as compensatory damages.

Question 51

Which of the following represents beliefs regarding the fairness or justness of an act?

A) Utilitarianism
B) Moral equity
C) Relativism
D) Contractualism
E) Social determinism

Question 52

Penny bought a dress to wear to a wedding.She wore the dress without removing the price tag.A day after the wedding,she returned the dress to the store where she purchased it from and got her money back.This is an example of _____.

A) differential association
B) retail borrowing
C) pilferage
D) illicit sharing
E) shoplifting

Question 53

Punitive damages are intended to cover costs incurred by a consumer due to an injury and compensatory damages are intended to punish a company for injuries.

Question 54

Which of the following refers to beliefs about the violation of written (or unwritten)laws?

A) Relativism
B) Determinism
C) Contractualism
D) Rationalism
E) Objectivism

Question 55

When the federal government decided to increase the cost of education in public universities,most people perceived the decision as a prejudice against the middle-class Americans who would find it difficult to enjoy access to higher education.Which of the following best represents the people's perception of the federal government's decision?

A) Moral equity
B) Relativism
C) Contractualism
D) Teleology
E) Utilitarianism

Question 56

With negligence liability,consumers can win a legal action against a firm if they can demonstrate in court that an injury occurred and that the product associated with the injury was faulty in some way.

Question 57

The door-in-the-face technique is based on the self-perception theory,which proposes that consumers use perceptions of their own actions when forming attitudes.

Question 58

Which of the following types of ethical evaluations focuses on specific actions?

A) Dysteleological evaluations
B) Teleological evaluations
C) Deontological evaluations
D) Analogical evaluations
E) Ideological evaluations

Question 59

Products liability is the extent to which businesses are held responsible for product-related injuries.

Question 60

The foot-in-the-door technique is based on the reciprocity norm,which states that individuals are motivated to give back to those who have given them something.

Question 61

Anne spends hours every week shopping following her divorce.Even though her buying pattern has considerably reduced the balance in her account from the divorce settlement,Anne claims that it helps her to cope with the emotional vacuum left by the separation from her husband.Which of the following best describes Anne's behavior?

A) Impulsive shopping
B) Addictive buying
C) Addictive shopping
D) Compulsive buying
E) Impulsive buying

Question 62

Bart likes to deface people on billboards by drawing mustaches on their faces.He also changes the words in the ads to reflect something to the contrary.He does this on poster ads in subway stations and transportation shelters.Which of the following best describes Bart's behavior?

A) Phishing
B) Identity theft
C) Spoofing
D) Culture jamming
E) Vishing

Question 63

Jane,who recently suffered a minor cardiac arrest,has been advised by her cardiologist to avoid smoking and drinking.However,despite her best efforts,she has been unable to resist the temptation to smoke or drink as she is too dependent on them and has withdrawal symptoms whenever she tries to quit.Jane's behavior can be best described as _____ consumption.

A) irrational
B) unplanned
C) impulsive
D) addictive
E) suicidal

Question 64

A physiological dependency on the consumption of a product is also known as _____.

A) commodity fetishism
B) commodity narcissism
C) impulsive consumption
D) compulsive consumption
E) addictive consumption

Question 65

Many consumers who practice shoplifting acknowledge that they do it because they get a feeling of exhilaration when they realize they can get away with it.Which of the following motivations of consumer misbehavior best explains this reaction?

A) Unfulfilled aspirations
B) Thrill-seeking
C) Differential association
D) Pathological socialization
E) Opportunism

Question 66

A man of few words,Tom is a typically soft spoken and mild-mannered guy.However,recently,when in line to book tickets for the first show of a new movie starring his favorite actors,he yelled and created a scene as the tickets got sold out before his turn at the counter.Which of the following motivations of consumer misbehavior best explains Tom's behavior?

A) Thrill-seeking
B) Differential association
C) Pathological socialization
D) Provocative situational factors
E) Opportunism

Question 67

Which of the following types of ethical evaluations focuses on the consequences of behaviors and the individual's assessment of those consequences?

A) Dysteleological evaluations
B) Teleological evaluations
C) Deontological evaluations
D) Analogical evaluations
E) Ideological evaluations

Question 68

Which of the following is an example of consumer problem behavior?

A) Cyberbullying
B) Identity theft
C) Eating disorders
D) Illegitimate complaining
E) Drunk driving

Question 69

Martin and his friends frequently get wild while attending football games.At such times,they tend to be verbally abusive,loud,and obnoxious.They often utter profanities at the referees and players,and get into frequent squabbles with fellow spectators.Which of the following best describes Martin and his friends' behavior?

A) Dysfunctional fan behavior
B) Detrimental behavior
C) Culture jamming
D) Pathological socialization
E) Fan extremism

Question 70

When Gerald returned a used product at the retailer he bought it from,and managed to get a refund,he was happy with himself as he was able to buy a new laptop with the refunded money.This is an example of _____ evaluation.

A) dysteleological
B) deontological
C) analogical
D) teleological
E) ideological

Question 71

Clark has been craving for the latest iPhone in the market.He is still repaying his student loan and hence unable to afford to buy the iPhone even though he has a job.However,Clark ends up buying an iPhone at a throwaway price from the black market.Which of the following is most likely representative of Clark's perceived misbehavior?

A) Unfulfilled aspirations
B) Lack of moral constraints
C) Differential association
D) Pathological socialization
E) Thrill-seeking

Question 72

Which of the following best describes repetitive,excessive,and purposeful consumer behaviors that are performed as a response to tension,anxiety,or obtrusive thoughts?

A) Commodity fetishism
B) Impulsive consumption
C) Compulsive consumption
D) Addictive consumption
E) Commodity narcissism

Question 73

Many consumers illegally download music and movies from the Internet because they perceive a low risk of getting caught.This is an example of consumer misbehavior most likely motivated by _____.

A) unfulfilled aspirations
B) thrill-seeking
C) differential association
D) pathological association
E) opportunism

Question 74

Myrna is an anti-capitalist.She thinks that capitalism feeds consumers' hedonistic desires,pollute the earth,and make excessive profits.One evening,on her way back from work,Myrna threw rocks through several retailers' windows in an upscale neighborhood.She did this as a form of revenge against capitalism.Which of the following motivations of consumer misbehavior best explains Myrna's behavior?

A) Unfulfilled aspirations
B) Thrill-seeking
C) Pathological socialization
D) Opportunism
E) Provocative situational factors

Question 75

Compulsive shopping is also sometimes referred to as _____.

A) pathological socialization
B) oniomania
C) anomie
D) kleptomania
E) retail borrowing

Question 76

Sarah had to close her account on an online social networking site after repeated attempts by some of her classmates to sully her reputation with regular postings of unwarranted and unflattering details of her personal life.The behavior of her classmates can be best described as _____.

A) phishing
B) identity theft
C) cyberbullying
D) spamming
E) web spoofing

Question 77

Which of the following best describes chronic,repetitive purchasing behaviors that are in response to negative events or feelings?

A) Compulsive shopping
B) Compulsive buying
C) Addictive shopping
D) Addictive buying
E) Impulsive shopping

Question 78

Which of the following is an example of consumer misbehavior?

A) Eating disorders
B) Problem gambling
C) Compulsive shopping
D) Binge drinking
E) Cyberbullying

Question 79

When Henry returned a used product for a refund at the retailer he bought it from,he asked himself if what he was doing was right.This is an example of _____ evaluation.

A) dysteleological
B) deontological
C) analogical
D) teleological
E) ideological

Question 80

Which of the following explains why groups of people replace one set of acceptable norms with another set that others view as unacceptable?

A) Criminalization
B) Psychopathy
C) Differential association
D) Pathological socialization
E) Reintegrative shaming