Deck 8: Varieties of Neo-Marxian Theory

Question 1

According to critical theorists, _____ ideas are accepted and used in practice.

A) total
B) diachronic
C) authentic
D) synchronic

Answer 1

C

Question 2

In their criticisms of sociology, critical theorists argue _____.

A) the scientific method is not an ends in itself and even ends up oppressing individuals in contemporary society
B) knowledge uncovered with science cannot be inherently objective and neutral
C) economic determinism is overly mechanistic
D) art and expression were increasingly rationalized, bureaucratized, and subject to the control of elites
E) society and social thinking is highly irrational and even amoral

Answer 2

A

Question 3

In their critique of modern society, critical theorists argue _____.

A) the scientific method is not an ends in itself and even ends up to oppress individuals in contemporary society
B) society and social thinking is highly irrational and even amoral
C) knowledge uncovered with science cannot be inherently objective and neutral
D) economic determinism is overly mechanistic
E) art and expression were increasingly rationalized, bureaucratized, and subject to the control of elites

Answer 3

B

Question 4

In their critique of modern society, critical theorists argue _____.

A) society and social thinking is highly irrational and even amoral
B) economic determinism is overly mechanistic
C) the scientific method is not an ends in itself and even ends up to oppress individuals in contemporary society
D) art and expression were increasingly rationalized, bureaucratized, and subject to the control of elites
E) knowledge uncovered with science cannot be inherently objective and neutral

Question 5

According to George Lukacs, class consciousness is _____.

A) unique from an objective economic position
B) a property of a group of people who share a similar class position
C) the sum or the average of individual's consciousness
D) unique to socialist societies

Question 6

According to critical theorists, a(n) _____ view accounts for the connections between the past, present, and future.

A) diachronic
B) authentic
C) total
D) synchronic

Question 7

In their criticisms of Marxian theory, critical theorists argue _____.

A) economic determinism is overly mechanistic
B) knowledge uncovered with science can be inherently objective and neutral
C) the scientific method will free humanity from its oppression
D) art and expression in mass media provide great insight into the problems of modern society
E) society and social thinking is highly rational and moral

Question 8

Which of the following did Karl Marx think was influenced by economics? Select all, but only those that apply.

A) Politics
B) Religion
C) Ideas
D) G.W.F. Hegel

Question 9

According to George Lukacs, class consciousness is _____.

A) unique from an objective economic position
B) unique to socialist societies
C) neither the sum nor the average of individual's consciousness
D) a property of a group of people who have different class positions

Question 10

According to Jurgen Habermas, analytic science _____.

A) strives to raise consciousness and emancipate humans
B) focuses on how understanding the past helps us comprehend the present
C) is primarily concerned with controlling people, and even entire societies
D) rejects Marx's dialectics

Question 11

Which of the following concepts capture the ideas systems create to support the very system that generates the ideas in the first place?

A) Legitimations
B) Ideology
C) Subjectivity
D) Dialectics

Question 12

According to critical theorists, _____ refers to the premise that no aspect of social life can be separated from the other parts of social reality.

A) totality
B) synchronicity
C) authentication
D) diachronic

Question 13

According to George Lukacs, class consciousness is _____.

A) unique to socialist societies
B) the sum or the average of individual's consciousness
C) a property of a group of people who have different class positions
D) linked to an objective economic position

Question 14

In their critique of culture, critical theorists argue _____.

A) the scientific method is not an ends in itself and even ends up to oppress individuals in contemporary society
B) society and social thinking is highly irrational and even amoral
C) knowledge uncovered with science cannot be inherently objective and neutral
D) economic determinism is overly mechanistic
E) art and expression were increasingly rationalized, bureaucratized, and subject to the control of elites

Question 15

Which of the following concepts reflects critical theorists' concern with total, synchronic, diachronic ideas that have authenticity?

A) Ideology
B) Legitimations
C) Dialectics
D) Subjectivity

Question 16

Which of the following concepts reflect critical theorists' conceptualization of the obfuscating, false ideas produced by elites?

A) Ideology
B) Dialectics
C) Subjectivity
D) Legitimations

Question 17

According to George Lukacs, class consciousness is _____.

A) a property of a group of people who have different class positions
B) is unique from an objective economic position
C) the sum or the average of individual's consciousness
D) unique to capitalist societies

Question 18

Which of the following concepts reflect critical theorists' attempts to reinterpret Marx with a focus on the cultural superstructure?

A) Dialectics
B) Subjectivity
C) Legitimations
D) Ideology

Question 19

According to critical theorists, _____ refers to a concern about how components of society are inter-related.

A) diachronic
B) synchronicity
C) authentication
D) totality

Question 20

In their criticisms of positivism, critical theorists argue _____.

A) the scientific method is not an ends in itself and ultimately such practices oppress individuals in contemporary society
B) art and expression were increasingly rationalized, bureaucratized, and subject to the control of elites
C) knowledge uncovered with science cannot be inherently objective and neutral
D) society and social thinking is highly irrational and even amoral
E) economic determinism is overly mechanistic

Question 21

Which variant of Neo-Marxism compensates for the privilege of time over place in traditional Marxism?

A) World-Systems Theory
B) Spatial Analysis
C) Historical Oriented Marxism
D) Trialectics

Question 22

Which variant of Neo-Marxism integrates geography, space, and time?

A) Trialectics
B) World-Systems Theory
C) Historical Oriented Marxism
D) Spatial Analysis

Question 23

Which of the following incorporates empirical methods into Marx's theories?

A) Neo-Marxism
B) Analytic Marxism
C) Hegemony and Radical Democracy
D) Continuities and Time-Space Compression

Question 24

In Spaces of Hope, what critiques does David Harvey offer towards Marx and Engel's Communist Manifesto? Select all, but only those that apply.

A) It focuses on urban proletarian whereas the agrarian, rural proletariat has shown more revolutionary potential.
B) It ignores the nationalistic differences amongst the proletariat.
C) It overlooks how capitalism exaggerates nationalistic differences.
D) It does not account for how labor must unite across national differences.

Question 25

Which influenced the shift from Neo-Marxian theory to Post-Marxian theory? Select all, but only those that apply.

A) The end of the Cold War
B) The rise of poststructuralism
C) The rise of postmodernism
D) The rise of structural functionalism

Question 26

Which of the following creates the theoretical consensus from discourse as described by Jurgen Habermas? Select all, but only those that apply.

A) peaker's utterances are comprehendible
B) Speaker's propositions are true
C) Speaker's propositions are sincere
D) The Speaker is speaking in normatively appropriate ways

Question 27

What does David Harvey mean with Spaces of Hope? Select all, but only those that apply.

A) to show how hope and space are disconnected
B) To acknowledge places of hopeful struggle
C) a hopeful countering of academic pessimism
D) to describe a utopian space of the future that offers hope against today's oppression

Question 28

Which variant of Neo-Marxism uses the entire globe as the unit of analysis?

A) Historical Oriented Marxism
B) Trialectics
C) World-Systems Theory
D) Spatial Analysis

Question 29

According to Jurgen Habermas, humanistic knowledge _____.

A) rejects Marx's dialectics
B) focuses on how understanding the past helps us comprehend the present
C) is primarily concerned with controlling people, and even entire societies
D) strives to raise consciousness and emancipate humans

Question 30

Which of the following is entailed in purposive-rational action as described by Jurgen Habermas? Select all, but only those that apply.

A) It strives to raise consciousness and emancipate humans
B) It can be the strategic act of coordinating individuals
C) It can be the instrumental act of a single actor
D) It involves a calculated pursuit of goals

Question 31

According to Jurgen Habermas, critical knowledge _____.

A) is primarily concerned with controlling people, and even entire societies
B) strives to raise consciousness and emancipate humans
C) focuses on how understanding the past helps us comprehend the present
D) rejects Marx's dialectics

Question 32

According to Jurgen Habermas, communicative action _____.

A) is when a single actor pursues an objective goal
B) entails achieving a shared understanding between actors
C) happens when individuals coordinate with each other to achieve a shared goal
D) strives to raise consciousness and emancipate humans

Question 33

According to Immanuel Wallerstein, the _____ geographical era dominates the global economy and exploits other places.

A) core
B) semiperiphery
C) periphery
D) socialist-world

Question 34

According to Immanuel Wallerstein, the _____ geographical era is exploited for its raw materials.

A) core
B) semiperiphery
C) periphery
D) socialist-world

Question 35

Which of the following describes Post-Fordism?

A) Homogeneity
B) Inflexible, standardized production
C) Unionization
D) Bureaucracy

Question 36

In Spaces of Hope, what critiques does David Harvey offer towards Marx and Engel's Communist Manifesto? Select all, but only those that apply.

A) Only considers diffusion of capitalism from core to periphery areas.
B) Only considers diffusion of capitalism from civilized to barbarian areas.
C) Assumes as nation states as fixed territories.
D) Simplistic understanding that capital will concentrate the proletariat into a revolutionary force.

Question 37

According to Jurgen Habermas, instrumental action _____.

A) happens when individuals coordinate with each other to achieve a shared goal
B) is when a single actor pursues an objective goal
C) entails achieving a shared understanding between actors
D) strives to raise consciousness and emancipate humans

Question 38

Which of the following describes Fordism?

A) Homogeneity
B) Specialized, small-scale production
C) Diverse, well-trained workforce
D) Decentralization and flexible bureaucracies

Question 39

Which of the following describes analytic Marxism? Select all, but only those that apply.

A) It does not blindly and unthinkingly support Marx's theory.
B) It does not deny historical facts in order to support Marx's theory.
C) It does not totally reject Marx's theory as fundamentally wrong.
D) It views Marx's theory as a form of nineteenth-century social science has having both a valid core but also substantial weaknesses.

Question 40

Which variant of Neo-Marxism revives Karl Marx's original concern with the unfolding of events through time?

A) Spatial Analysis
B) Historical Oriented Marxism
C) World-Systems Theory
D) Trialectics

Question 41

Hegelian Marxists embrace the philosophical distinction between subject and object.

Question 42

What thesis employ by G. A. Cohen do traditional Marxists find problematic because of their inherent conservatism or inability to promote revolution? Select all, but only those that apply.

A) All elements of the social world are interconnected.
B) All components of the social world reinforce one another.
C) All components of the social world reinforce society as a whole.
D) Each aspect of society is shaped according to its contribution to the larger society.

Question 43

Why should analytical Marxism still be called Marxists? Select all, but only those that apply.

A) It deals with traditional Marxist subject matter like exploitation and class, albeit in a non-Marxist way.
B) It continues to advocate for socialism over capitalism.
C) It seeks to understand capitalism.
D) It seeks to explain problems associated with capitalism.

Question 44

According to Lukacs, class consciousness requires a prior state of false consciousness.

Question 45

Antonio Gramsci's concept of hegemony focuses on the cultural leadership exercised by the intellectuals.

Question 46

According to Lukacs, the bourgeoisie cannot develop a class consciousness.

Question 47

Antonio Gramsci's concept of hegemony focuses on the power exercised by economic elites.

Question 48

The best modern reflection of Karl Marx's ideas is found within conflict theory.

Question 49

Karl Marx's economic determinism is perfectly compatible with dialectics.

Question 50

A _____ interpretation of Marxism claims he was not dialectical thinker by highlighting the cause and effect links in Marx's work?

A) functionalist
B) neoclassical economics
C) rational choice
D) game theory

Question 51

What argument(s) does G. A. Cohen use to claim Marx was a functionalist, not an exotic dialectician? Select all, but only those that apply.

A) Productive forces correspond to the relations of production.
B) The superstructure is built on top of a real foundation.
C) Social, political, and even intellectual process are conditions by the mode of production in material life.
D) Social determines consciousness.

Question 52

Analytic Marxism tries to deal with facts _____. Select all, but only those that apply.

A) conceptually
B) theoretically
C) ideologically
D) empirically

Question 53

Which of the following describes analytic Marxism?

A) It blindly supports Marx's theory.
B) It denies historical facts in order to support Marx's theory.
C) It rejects the core of Marx's theory as fundamentally wrong.
D) It views Marx's theory as a form of nineteenth-century social science has having both a valid core but also substantial weaknesses.

Question 54

The immense influence of Hegel on Karl Marx was only made apparent with the rediscovery of his early manuscripts.

Question 55

The concept of reification refers to how social structures have no life of their own.

Question 56

Which of the following incorporates postmodern insight into Marx's theories?

A) Neo-Marxism
B) Analytic Marxism
C) Hegemony and Radical Democracy
D) Discontinuities and time-space decompression

Question 57

Antonio Gramsci's concept of hegemony focuses on the cultural leadership exercised by the ruling class.

Question 58

According to Lukacs, false consciousness requires a prior state of class consciousness.

Question 59

Which is a basic component of Erik Olin Wright's analytic Marxism? Select all, but only those that apply.

A) Application of rational choice theory to Marxian concepts.
B) Clarification of Marxian concepts like class.
C) Empirical study of Marxian conceptions like class.
D) Development of a more coherent theory based on Marxian concepts like class.

Question 60

According to Lukacs, the bourgeoisie can develop a class consciousness.

Question 61

Analytic Marxists focus on coercion as growing out of property ownership rather than a point of production enables and assessment of exploitation in socialist as well as capitalist societies.

Question 62

Analytical Marxists believe fact and value cannot be separated.

Question 63

Post-Marxist theories embrace almost all of the basic premises of Max's original theory.

Question 64

Through rational choice theory, analytic Marxists add a microdimension to Marxist theory.

Question 65

Erik Olin Wright has led the empirical application and empirical study of Marxian concepts.

Question 66

Sales and advertising are more important in competitive rather than monopoly capitalism.

Question 67

Analytical Marxism is more scientific than previous variants of Marxian theory.

Question 68

Harry Braverman wrote about how white-collar workers were above and beyond the bourgeois exploitation and control blue-collar workers are subject to.

Question 69

Through functionalism, analytic Marxists add a microdimension to Marxist theory.

Question 70

Using the work of Axel Honneth, explain how a contemporary social movement or collective effort likely involves a group's effort to have their identity loved, respected, and esteemed.

Question 71

Watch a show on network television during primetime and then in a short essay, explain whether or not the media is a prepackaged set of ideas mass-produced that has a pacifying, repressive, and stupefying effect on people.

Question 72

The goal of critical theory is to reveal the nature of society.

Question 73

Go to the Politifact website ( HYPERLINK "http://www.politifact.com" www.politifact.com) and find a statement made by a politician that has been rated according to its "truthiness," then assess that statement utilizing Jurgen Habermas' ideas about consensus as it arises according to discourse.

Question 74

Through game theory, analytic Marxists add a microdimension to Marxist theory.

Question 75

Critical theorists developed criticisms of social and intellectual life.