Deck 6: A Historical Sketch of Sociological Theory: the Later Years

Question 1

More so than other members of the Chicago School, ______ emphasized race relations in his research conducted via personal observations.

A) W. I. Thomas
B) Robert Park
C) Charles Horton Cooley
D) George Herbert Mead

Answer 1

B

Question 2

According to Alfred Shultz, where do we spend everyday life?

A) Front Region
B) Back Region
C) Lifeworld
D) Stage

Answer 2

C

Question 3

W. E. B. DuBois' concept of ______ captures how African Americans develop a dual sense of self in seeing themselves through both white eyes, and their own black eyes.

A) the veil
B) double-consciousness
C) primary group
D) looking glass self

Answer 3

B

Question 4

More so than other members of the Chicago School, ______ was the most adamant that consciousness cannot be separated from the social context.

A) W. I. Thomas
B) Robert Park
C) Charles Horton Cooley
D) George Herbert Mead

Question 5

More so than other members of the Chicago School, ______ believed that sociology should emphasize research on data collected from a variety of sources.

A) W. I. Thomas
B) Robert Park
C) Charles Horton Cooley
D) George Herbert Mead

Question 6

While structural functionalists always had critics, when did it become apparent that the dominance of this theory was in jeopardy?

A) 1940s
B) 1950s
C) 1960s
D) 1970s

Question 7

In developing their critical theory, the founding scholars of The Institute of Social Research or "The Frankfurt School" ______.

A) rejected the ideas of Max Weber because they conflicted with Marxism
B) critiqued the economic effects on culture
C) rejected the psychological ideas of Sigmund Freud because they conflicted sociology
D) theorized without conducting empirical research

Question 8

Which of these theorists was an "extreme" social Darwinist who argued people evolve given their success in a "survival of the fittest" social reality?

A) William Graham Sumner
B) Lester F. Ward
C) Thorstein Veblen
D) Joseph Schumpeter

Question 9

According to Erving Goffman, where do we put on acts for others?

A) Front Region
B) Back Region
C) Lifeworld
D) Stage

Question 10

Which of these theorists cautiously embraced social Darwinism by arguing society evolves or becomes more complex by shedding moral poverty?

A) William Graham Sumner
B) Lester F. Ward
C) Thorstein Veblen
D) Joseph Schumpeter

Question 11

W. E. B. DuBois' concept of ______ metaphorically captures the ways race serves as a symbolic boundary between Whites and Blacks that is both seen by others, and seen through the wearer.

A) the veil
B) double-consciousness
C) primary group
D) looking glass self

Question 12

Which of the following WAS NOT a hallmark of early feminist theory?

A) Emphasis on women's lives and experiences
B) Promotion of gender equality
C) Embracement of women's perspectives
D) Social Darwinism that explains gender differences biologically

Question 13

Who founded a theoretical tradition known as The Sociology of Knowledge?

A) Georg Lukács
B) Felix J. Weil
C) Max Horkheimer
D) Karl Mannheim

Question 14

George Homans, founder of exchange theory, was interested in ______.

A) large-scale social structures
B) cost-benefit behaviorism
C) consciousness
D) social institutions

Question 15

Which Jewish scholar moved the Institute of Social Research in Frankfurt from Germany to the United States after the rise of Hitler and the Nazi regime?

A) Georg Lukács
B) Felix J. Weil
C) Max Horkheimer
D) Karl Mannheim

Question 16

Which of these theorists argued capitalist society can only progress or evolve by destroying outdated elements?

A) William Graham Sumner
B) Lester F. Ward
C) Thorstein Veblen
D) Joseph Schumpeter

Question 17

More so than other members of the Chicago School, ______ incorporated psychological behaviorism that challenged classic European sociological theories.

A) W. I. Thomas
B) Robert Park
C) Charles Horton Cooley
D) George Herbert Mead

Question 18

Which Jewish scholar founded The Institute of Social Research in Frankfurt, Germany right before the rise of Hitler and the Nazi regime?

A) Georg Lukács
B) Felix J. Weil
C) Max Horkheimer
D) Karl Mannheim

Question 19

Which of the following is the primary focus of queer theory?

A) large-scale social structures
B) individual's consciousness
C) identity
D) behaviorism

Question 20

Which of these theorists argued society continues to devolve and become increasingly unproductive as more and more people waste their time and money in the pursuit of leisure?

A) William Graham Sumner
B) Lester F. Ward
C) Thorstein Veblen
D) Joseph Schumpeter

Question 21

Which theoretical area focuses on how modern knowledge, machinery, tools, etc. are more generally transforming both daily life and society?

A) Theories of Consumption
B) Theories of Globalization
C) Theories of Science, Technology, and Society
D) Postmodern Social Theory

Question 22

What does the agency-structure integration movement in sociological theory hope to link together?

A) individual people with large-scale social phenomena
B) small groups and organizations with large-scale social phenomena
C) fragmented sociological theories
D) poststructuralism and postmodernism

Question 23

What does the micro-macro integration movement in sociological theory hope to link together?

A) individual people with large-scale social phenomena
B) small groups and organizations with large-scale social phenomena
C) fragmented sociological theories
D) poststructuralism and postmodernism

Question 24

While both are sociologies of everyday life, ethnomethodology focuses on what people do while phenomenology emphasizes what people think.

Question 25

Talcott Parsons became the dominant sociological figure in the United States by developing theories outside the European tradition.

Question 26

Of all the women in early American sociology, Charlotte Perkins Gilman provided the most comprehensive theories of gender inequality.

Question 27

Herbert Spencer was more influential to early sociology in the Americas than in Europe.

Question 28

In his lifetime, C. Wright Mills was a central figure in mainstream sociology.

Question 29

Which theoretical area tries to overcome sociology's historical emphasis on production by focusing on the use of goods and services?

A) Theories of Consumption
B) Theories of Globalization
C) Theories of Science, Technology, and Society
D) Postmodern Social Theory

Question 30

Which theoretical area focuses on the economic, political, and cultural transformation happening across and between different societies?

A) Theories of Consumption
B) Theories of Globalization
C) Theories of Science, Technology, and Society
D) Postmodern Social Theory

Question 31

Contemporary theorists claim race ______.

A) is a biological category
B) is a social construction
C) is less important in society now that the era of colonialism is coming to an end
D) has not changed much since the time of colonialism

Question 32

Both Talcott Parsons and George Homans thought theory should be constructed inductively, or from the ground up.

Question 33

W. E. B. DuBois was a founding member of the Chicago School.

Question 34

What does the theoretical syntheses movement in sociological theory hope to link together?

A) individual people with large-scale social phenomena
B) small groups and organizations with large-scale social phenomena
C) fragmented sociological theories
D) poststructuralism and postmodernism

Question 35

Which theoretical area focuses on the recent and widespread changes that transformed almost everything about the modern world throughout the last half century?

A) Theories of Consumption
B) Theories of Globalization
C) Theories of Science, Technology, and Society
D) Postmodern Social Theory

Question 36

Because they were committed to the Marxist tradition, the founding scholars of the Institute of Social Research (also known as "The Frankfurt School") rejected the work of both Max Weber and Sigmund Freud.

Question 37

Because of the rampant sexism present during the early twentieth century, women were completely excluded from sociology and were not even able to work as a marginalized group of gender scholars.

Question 38

Throughout the twentieth century, the rise and fall of structural functionalism as a dominant theoretical paradigm mirrors the rise and fall of the United States as the dominant power on the globe.

Question 39

Ethnomethodology was developed as a critique of phenomenology.

Question 40

Talcott Parsons is best described as a structural functionalist because he theorized about both social structures and action systems.

Question 41

The modernist versus postmodernist debate was never settled.

Question 42

A conservative political and cultural climate in the 1920s stalled most progressive social efforts and social movements, including feminism and feminist theory.

Question 43

Compared to previous times, currently feminist theories are more focused on categories of gender and sexuality.

Question 44

Explain how the social context at different times during the twentieth century influenced the theories sociologists developed and utilized.

Question 45

While Marxism has undergone revivals both during the 1960s and with the recent acceleration of globalization and global inequality, the theory has largely been marginalized in the United States throughout the 20th century.

Question 46

Conflict theory was developed out of a critique of structural functionalism.

Question 47

Erving Goffman's dramaturgical analysis is incompatible with symbolic interactionism.

Question 48

Poststructuralism grew out of postmodernism.

Question 49

Compare and contrast the sociological theories developed in the United States during the 20th century with the sociological work of scholars in Europe.

Question 50

How did sociologist in the United States incorporate race, gender, class, and sexual identity into their ideas throughout the twentieth century?