Deck 17: Structuralism, Poststructuralism, and Postmodern Social Theory

Question 1

Michel Foucault incorporated ______ even though he focused more on micro power rather than macro-level power in the economy.

A) Max Weber
B) Karl Marx
C) Phenomenology
D) Frederic Nietzsche

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Which concept refers to a movement of control and power towards the margins?

A) Logocentrism
B) Deconstruction
C) Representationalism
D) Decentering

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Which concept refers to the search for hidden differences by taking apart unities?

A) Logocentrism
B) Deconstruction
C) Representationalism
D) Decentering

Answer 3

B

Question 4

_____ refers to the formal or a grammatical system of language.

A) Langue
B) Parole
C) Semiotics
D) Signs

Question 5

_____ refers to the structure of language that does things such as create binary oppositions.

A) Langue
B) Parole
C) Semiotics
D) Signs

Question 6

Which of the following does linguistics encompass? Select all, but only those that apply.

A) Language
B) Signs and symbol systems
C) Facial expression and body language
D) Literary texts

Question 7

In which of the following fields did postmodern theory arise in? Select all, but only those that apply.

A) Music
B) Architecture
C) Literature
D) Sociology

Question 8

Which of the following does semiotics encompasses? Select all, but only those that apply.

A) Language
B) Signs and symbol systems
C) Facial expression and body language
D) Literary texts

Question 9

Which of the following do Marxist and Structuralists generally agree upon? Select all, but only those that apply.

A) Both agree in the importance of the economy and language.
B) Both agree in historical study of structures.
C) Both agree structures form out of the interplay of social relations.
D) Both agree reject empiricism.

Question 10

Which concept refers to the search for universal phenomena?

A) Logocentrism
B) Deconstruction
C) Representationalism
D) Decentering

Question 11

According to Lévi-Strauss's, how are phonemic systems and kinship systems similar? Select all, but only those that apply.

A) Both are products of the structures of the mind.
B) Both are products of a conscious process.
C) Both are products of the unconscious, logical structure of the mind.
D) Both operate on the basis of general laws.

Question 12

Michel Foucault incorporated ______ by noting how there was resistance to key sites rather than an iron cage.

A) Max Weber
B) Karl Marx
C) Phenomenology
D) Nietzsche

Question 13

_____ encompasses not only structural linguistics but also other symbolic systems.

A) Langue
B) Parole
C) Semiotics
D) Language

Question 14

Michel Foucault incorporated ______ even though he focused more on micro power rather than macro-level power in the economy.

A) Max Weber
B) Karl Marx
C) Phenomenology
D) Nietzsche

Question 15

_____ refers to actual speech or the way speakers express themselves.

A) Langue
B) Parole
C) Semiotics
D) Language

Question 16

According to Lévi-Strauss's, how are linguistics and kinship systems similar? Select all, but only those that apply.

A) Both have meaning unto themselves.
B) Both are basic units of analysis.
C) Neither have meaning in themselves.
D) Both empirically vary yet still operate according to general principles.

Question 17

Structuralism was a reaction against which of the following?

A) Functionalism
B) Modernism
C) Postmodernism
D) Existentialism

Question 18

For Sartre and existentialists in general, actors _____. Select all, but only those that apply.

A) have the capacity to go beyond the present and move toward the future
B) are free
C) are responsible for everything they do
D) are determined by social laws and larger social structures

Question 19

Structuralism was a reaction against which of the following?

A) Functionalism
B) Modernism
C) Postmodernism
D) Humanism

Question 20

What type of theory is postmodern theory?

A) Modern theory
B) Social theory
C) Sociological theory
D) Uncritical theory

Question 21

Michel Foucault incorporated ______ by resisting formal rule-governed model of behavior.

A) Max Weber
B) Karl Marx
C) Phenomenology
D) Nietzsche

Question 22

According to Michel Foucault, during which period of Madness and Civilization were madness and reason becoming disconnected?

A) Just prior to the Renaissance
B) The Classical Period (1650-1800)
C) The Nineteenth Century
D) The Twentieth Century

Question 23

According to Michel Foucault, during which period of Madness and Civilization was madness first scientifically treated with reason?

A) Just prior to the Renaissance
B) The Classical Period (1650-1800)
C) The Nineteenth Century
D) The Twentieth Century

Question 24

According to Giorgio Agamben, _____ refers to our political bodies.

A) zoe
B) bios
C) homo sacer
D) bare life

Question 25

According to Michel Foucault, during which period of Madness and Civilization were madness and reason interconnected?

A) Just prior to the Renaissance
B) The Classical Period (1650-1800)
C) The 19th century
D) The 20th century

Question 26

Michel Foucault incorporated ______ by rejecting the idea of an autonomous, meaning-giving subject.

A) Max Weber
B) Karl Marx
C) Phenomenology
D) Nietzsche

Question 27

Michel Foucault incorporated ______ because he also emphases the relationship between power and knowledge.

A) Max Weber
B) Karl Marx
C) Phenomenology
D) Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche

Question 28

Michel Foucault's genealogy of power focuses on ______.

A) the rules and organization of discourse
B) digging up what primitive civilizations knew
C) the historical divide between knowledge and power
D) the tracing how contemporary knowledge was created

Question 29

According to Michel Foucault in The Birth of the Clinic, when was science mostly a classification project?

A) The Classical Period (1650-1800)
B) The Eighteenth Century
C) The Nineteenth Century
D) The Twentieth Century

Question 30

Michel Foucault's genealogy of power focuses on ______.

A) discourse
B) presentism
C) trajectory
D) hierarchization

Question 31

According to Michel Foucault, during which period of Discipline and Punish was there a torturing of prisoners rather than an effort to control them?

A) Prior to 1757
B) Between 1757 and the 1830s
C) The Nineteenth Century
D) The Twentieth Century

Question 32

According to Michel Foucault, during which period of Discipline and Punish was there a shift away from the torturing of prisoners and a focus on efforts to control them?

A) Prior to 1757
B) Between 1757 and the 1830s
C) The Nineteenth Century
D) The Twentieth Century

Question 33

Michel Foucault's archeology of knowledge focuses on ______.

A) the rules and organization of discourse
B) digging up what primitive civilizations knew
C) the historical divide between knowledge and power
D) the tracing how contemporary knowledge was created

Question 34

According to Michel Foucault, during which period of Madness and Civilization was madness first judged by internal as opposed to external agents?

A) Just prior to the Renaissance
B) The Classical Period (1650-1800)
C) The Nineteenth Century
D) The Twentieth Century

Question 35

According to Michel Foucault in The Birth of the Clinic, when did medical science turn towards identifying diseases in individual people and societal epidemics more generally?

A) The Classical Period (1650-1800)
B) The Eighteenth Century
C) The Nineteenth Century
D) The Twentieth Century

Question 36

According to Giorgio Agamben, _____ refers to our biological bodies.

A) zoe
B) bios
C) homo sacer
D) bare life

Question 37

According to Michel Foucault, people govern themselves through ______.

A) past determinism
B) contemporary presentism
C) knowledge production
D) hierarchization

Question 38

According to Michel Foucault in Discipline and Punish, which of the following is a way technology was incorporated into disciplinary power? Select all, but only those that apply.

A) Hierarchical observation
B) Normalizing judgments
C) Examination
D) Capital punishment

Question 39

According to Giorgio Agamben, _____ refers to accidents of birth.

A) zoe
B) bios
C) homo sacer
D) bare life

Question 40

Michel Foucault's archeology of knowledge focuses on ______.

A) discourse
B) presentism
C) trajectory
D) hierarchization

Question 41

Which of the following does the postmodern encompass? Select all, but only those that apply.

A) A new historical epoch
B) New cultural products
C) A new type of theorizing
D) A new type of social world

Question 42

According to Fredric Jameson, which the following cultures is associated with multinational capitalism?

A) Premodern Culture
B) Realistic Culture
C) Modernist Culture
D) Postmodernist Culture

Question 43

According to Smart, which of the following is a postmodernist position? Select all, but only those that apply.

A) Modernism points out the limits of postmodernism.
B) A radical rupture moved society into a postmodern era.
C) Postmodernism is just a continuation of the modern.
D) Postmodernism points out the limits of modernism.

Question 44

According to Fredric Jameson, which the following cultures is associated with multinational capitalism?

A) Premodern culture
B) Realistic culture
C) Modernist culture
D) Postmodernist culture

Question 45

Why is George Simmel sometimes thought a postmodern theorist? Select all, but only those that apply.

A) Simmel offers a grand narrative about the dominance of Western culture.
B) Simmel is generally opposed to totalizations.
C) Simmel was an idler, or he examines a wide variety of social phenomena.
D) Simmel was a handyman who made use of the knowledge available to him.

Question 46

A(n) ______ is a handyman who makes use of the knowledge available.

A) flaneur
B) bricoleur
C) postmodernist
D) poststructuralist

Question 47

Where does Giorgio Agamben think is the key site for the practice of biopolitics?

A) Asylums
B) Hospitals
C) Prisons
D) The Camps

Question 48

According to Fredric Jameson, which the following cultures is associated with monopoly capitalism?

A) Premodern culture
B) Realistic culture
C) Modernist culture
D) Postmodernist culture

Question 49

Frederic Jameson thought which of the following was an element of postmodern society?

A) Superficiality and lack of depth
B) Intensification of emotion or affect
C) A living in the history
D) Increased dominance of production technologies

Question 50

Which of the following concepts highlights a view never knowing anything because all forms of knowledge lacks a foundation, is relativistic, irrational, and nihilistic?

A) A new historical epoch
B) New cultural products
C) A new type of theorizing about the social world
D) A return to an older historical epoch

Question 51

Frederic Jameson thought which of the following was an element of postmodern society? Select all, but only those that apply.

A) Superficiality and lack of depth
B) Waning of emotion or affect
C) Loss of historicity
D) Increased dominance of reproductive technologies

Question 52

According to Fredric Jameson, which the following cultures is associated with market capitalism?

A) Premodern culture
B) Realistic culture
C) Modernist culture
D) Postmodernist culture

Question 53

A(n) ______ or idler examines a wide variety of social phenomena.

A) flaneur
B) bricoleur
C) postmodernist
D) poststructuralist

Question 54

Which of the following concepts highlights a transition from a world where problems are rationally addressed to a world where they are not addressed?

A) A new historical epoch
B) New cultural products
C) A new type of theorizing about the social world
D) A return to an older historical epoch

Question 55

According to Giorgio Agamben, _____ refers to how politics gets entwined with accidents of birth.

A) zoe
B) bios
C) homo sacer
D) bare life

Question 56

Where does Michel Foucault think is the key site for the practice of biopolitics?

A) Asylums
B) Hospitals
C) Prisons
D) The Camps

Question 57

Which of the following is a grand narrative that emerges from Giorgio Agamben? Select all, but only those that apply.

A) An expansion of the state.
B) An expansion of hospitals and prisons.
C) An expansion of control over biology.
D) An expansion of the camp.

Question 58

Why is C. Wright Mills sometimes thought of as postmodern imitator? Select all, but only those that apply.

A) Mills offers a grand narrative about the dominance of the power elite.
B) Mills actually used the term postmodern.
C) He was critical of the grand theories now thought quintessentially modern.
D) Mills wanted sociology to be morally and socially engaged.

Question 59

Which of the following concepts highlights a transition that occurred in art, movies, and television?

A) A new historical epoch
B) New cultural products
C) A new type of theorizing about the social world
D) A return to an older historical epoch

Question 60

According to Fredric Jameson, which the following is still very much modern even though other phenomena have become postmodern?

A) Art
B) Culture
C) Economics
D) Social theory

Question 61

Although structural Marxism and structuralism in general are both interested in "structures," each field conceptualizes structure differently.

Question 62

Michel Foucault sees a conspiracy by elite members of society to control others.

Question 63

A(n) ______ is a simulated actuality that nonetheless becomes more influential than any real world that may exist.

A) flaneur
B) bricoleur
C) hyperreality
D) hyperspace

Question 64

Ferdinand de Saussure founded the study of semiotics.

Question 65

According to Michel Foucault, the present is not a necessary outcome of past developments.

Question 66

Frederic Jameson thought which of the following was an element of postmodern society?

A) Immense and profound depth
B) Waning of emotion or affect
C) A living in the history
D) Increased dominance of production technologies

Question 67

Structuralism was the point for the emergence of poststructuralism, which was the starting point for postmodernism.

Question 68

A(n) ______ is an area where modern conceptions cannot help people orient themselves.

A) flaneur
B) bricoleur
C) simulacrum
D) hyperspace

Question 69

A(n) ______ is a copy of the original that appears identical on the surface but below lacks depth and substance.

A) flaneur
B) bricoleur
C) simulacrum
D) hyperspace

Question 70

Jacques Derrida sought out the underlying laws of language.

Question 71

Frederic Jameson thought which of the following was an element of postmodern society?

A) Immense and profound depth
B) Intensification of emotion or affect
C) A living in the history
D) Increased dominance of reproductive technologies

Question 72

There is a clear-cut distinction between social and sociological theories.

Question 73

Jacques Derrida deconstructed language and all he found there was writing.

Question 74

Michel Foucault sees history lurching from one system of domination to another, all of which are based in knowledge.

Question 75

Michel Foucault's genealogy of power explores the origins of knowledge and how it helps realize different ends.

Question 76

While rooted in linguistics, semiotics can be applied to all aspects of social life.

Question 77

Structuralism emerged out of linguistics.

Question 78

Jean-Paul Sartre' sexistentialism focuses on how people are determined by social laws or larger social structures.

Question 79

Social theories, unlike sociological theories, tend to be multidisciplinary.

Question 80

Frederic Jameson thought which of the following was an element of postmodern society?

A) Immense and profound depth
B) Intensification of emotion or affect
C) Loss of historicity
D) Increased dominance of production technologies