Deck 12: Pregnancy and Birth

Question 1

What is the placenta?

A)The structure that supplies nutrients to the developing fetus.
B)A collection of thick mucus in the cervix that prevents bacteria from entering the uterus.
C)The chemical in the head of the spermatozoon that breaks down the outer membrane of the ovum to allow for fertilization.
D)A thin,tough,membranous sac that encloses the embryo or fetus.
E)The down covering of hair over a fetus.

Answer 1

A

Question 2

If a fertilized egg had just implanted,we know that it would normally be in the:

A)vagina.
B)cervix.
C)ovary.
D)fallopian tube.
E)uterus.

Answer 2

E

Question 3

Cross-cultural,food aversions during pregnancy serve to protect women from:

A)eating too much.
B)potentially harmful bacteria.
C)carrying twins.
D)morning sickness.
E)release of colostrums.

Answer 3

B

Question 4

The government of India has recently implemented a policy of giving $3,000 to poor families in order to prevent:

A)abortion of male fetuses.
B)female infanticide.
C)poverty.
D)malnutrition.
E)divorce.

Question 5

The sex of the fetus is determined by the:

A)composition of the egg.
B)balance of hormones.
C)sperm.
D)age of the parents.
E)number of sperm ejaculated.

Question 6

How do identical twins occur?

A)When two sperm are able to fertilize the ovum.
B)When the ovum contains enough genetic material for two zygotes,called dizygotic.
C)When two ova are released by the ovaries.
D)When a single zygote completely divides into two separate zygotes.
E)All of these can create identical twins.

Question 7

The idea that something is wrong with a woman if she doesn't give birth to and care for children is called the:

A)feminine mystique.
B)glass floor.
C)golden parachute.
D)infertility paradox.
E)motherhood mandate.

Question 8

How many sperm fertilize the egg?

A)one
B)several
C)hundreds
D)thousands
E)millions

Question 9

If a couple wants to give birth to a girl,which of the following should they do to increase the odds of conceiving a female?

A)The woman should lie on her right side immediately following intercourse.
B)The couple should have intercourse as close to ovulation as possible.
C)The woman should douche with a mixture of vinegar and water.
D)The woman should eat a high calorie diet.
E)All of the above make conceiving a girl more likely.

Question 10

From the second through eighth weeks,the developing human is referred to as a(an):

A)blastocyst.
B)embryo.
C)fetus.
D)amnion.
E)mesoderm.

Question 11

About how long does the ovum live in the female reproductive tract?

A)20 minutes
B)1 hour
C)3 hours
D)24 hours
E)72 hours

Question 12

The hollow ball of embryonic cells that enters the uterus from the fallopian tube is called the:

A)endometrium
B)amnion
C)blastocyst
D)dyzygote
E)umbilicus

Question 13

What are pregnancy tests testing for?

A)increased levels of estrogen
B)colostrum cells that appear in the urine 2-6 days after conception
C)the presence of amniotic fluid in the urine
D)the presence of progesterone in specific blood cells
E)the hormone in the blood and urine called human chorionic gonadotropin

Question 14

The country with the highest ratio of males to females is:

A)India.
B)China.
C)United States.
D)Norway.
E)Mexico.

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT a process that facilitates conception?

A)Female sexual desire peaks at ovulation and just prior to menstruation.
B)A mucus plug appears in the cervix to trap sperm.
C)Cervical mucus becomes thinner and stretchy.
D)Female orgasm helps draw semen into the uterus.
E)After ejaculation semen thickens.

Question 16

If a man experiences the symptoms of pregnancy,he has:

A)a low level of testosterone.
B)couvade.
C)colostrums.
D)overactive pituitary functioning.
E)none of these are true

Question 17

Fertilization normally takes place in the:

A)uterus.
B)cervix.
C)fallopian tube.
D)vagina.
E)ovary.

Question 18

When two ova are released and both fertilized by sperm,the result is:

A)fraternal twins.
B)identical twins.
C)monozygotic twins.
D)either fraternal or identical twins.
E)only one egg can be fertilized.

Question 19

What is the term for the procedure when small sample of fluid is drawn out of the uterus through a needle inserted in the abdomen in order to detect genetic abnormalities in the fetus?

A)pseudocyesis
B)amniocentesis
C)embryo eclampsia
D)cervical effacement
E)laparoscopy

Question 20

What causes morning sickness?

A)increased levels of estrogen that may irritate the stomach lining
B)the sensation of the growing fetus
C)the increasing levels of amniotic fluid filtering through the pregnant woman's bloodstream
D)the increase in appetite often causes pregnant women to eat too much
E)all of the above

Question 21

What is the name for the soft hair that covers the fetus?

A)vernix caseosa
B)colostrum
C)lanugo
D)couvades
E)varicocele

Question 22

At what point during the pregnancy do many women report an increased sex drive?

A)during the first trimester
B)during the second trimester
C)during the third trimester
D)Most women report an increased sex drive during their entire pregnancy.
E)Most women report little interest in sex during their pregnancy.

Question 23

What procedure involves placing a zygote that has been fertilized in a petri dish,into the uterus?

A)Gamete intra-fallopian tube transfer (GIFT)
B)zonal dissection
C)Zygote Intra-Fallopian Tube Transfer (ZIFT)
D)oocyte transplants
E)In vitro fertilization (IVF)

Question 24

Delaying pregnancy until a woman is 35 years old or more increases the risk of:

A)spontaneous abortion.
B)low birth weight.
C)increased time of labor.
D)chromosomal abnormalities.
E)all of the above

Question 25

If a woman's fertilized egg has implanted outside of her uterus,she has a(n):

A)breech pregnancy.
B)dizygotic pregnancy.
C)ectopic pregnancy.
D)effacement pregnancy.
E)chorionic pregnancy.

Question 26

The major organ systems are formed and the fetus weighs about a half ounce.Where are we in the pregnancy?

A)end of the first week
B)end of the first month
C)end of the first trimester
D)end of the first half
E)end of the second trimester

Question 27

What is the name of the condition caused by ingesting alcohol while pregnant that leads to growth deficiencies,nervous system damage,and facial abnormalities?

A)fetal alcohol syndrome
B)gestational alcoholism
C)embryo alcohol poisoning
D)gestational alcohol disease
E)none of the above

Question 28

If a 36-year old woman would be diagnosed with infertility after having regular unprotected sex and not conceiving after __________.

A)3 months
B)6 months
C)9 months
D)12 months
E)18 months

Question 29

Fertility drugs have been associated with:

A)genetic abnormalities.
B)pelvic inflammatory disease.
C)increased possibility of multiple births.
D)the possibility of implantation outside of the uterus.
E)sexually transmitted infections.

Question 30

Why do people usually choose in vitro fertilization (IVF)?

A)because they lack the enzyme necessary for fertilization to take place
B)usually due to a varicocele in the testicle
C)often because of atypical ovaries that do not produce enough ova
D)usually because of a Fallopian tube blockage that does not allow for fertilization
E)because of low sperm counts

Question 31

When can the fetal heartbeat first be heard through ultrasound?

A)during the first month of the third trimester
B)by the end of the first month of pregnancy
C)by the end of the first trimester
D)by the end of the second trimester
E)at the end of the third trimester

Question 32

When the ova and sperm are mixed outside of a woman's body,and prior to fertilization are placed in her fallopian tube via a small incision,the procedure is called:

A)in vitro fertilization (IVF)
B)gamete intra-Fallopian tube transfer (GIFT)
C)zygote intra-Fallopian tube transfer (ZIFT)
D)intracytoplasmic sperm injection
E)oocyte transplantation

Question 33

When it comes to exercise during pregnancy,which statement below is TRUE?

A)Water exercise may be the best form of exercise for a pregnant woman since it causes fewer maternal and fetal heart rate changes and lowers maternal blood pressure more than land exercise.
B)Most physicians agree that a woman's exercise routine should not exceed her pre-pregnancy exercise levels.
C)Light exercise has been found to result in a greater sense of well being,shorter labor,and fewer obstetric problems.
D)All of these are true
E)None of these are true

Question 34

When it comes to sexual behaviors during pregnancy,which of the following statements is TRUE?

A)Sexual intercourse during pregnancy is safe for most mothers and fetuses up until the last several weeks of pregnancy.
B)Physicians recommend that all women avoid orgasm during pregnancy due to possible uterine contractions.
C)During the third trimester,intercourse is dangerous to a normal fetus.
D)Male-on-top is the most comfortable position late in pregnancy
E)all of these are true

Question 35

Which of the following has NOT been linked to cigarette use during pregnancy?

A)spontaneous abortion
B)facial abnormalities
C)low birth weight
D)prematurity
E)low iron levels

Question 36

What is colostrum?

A)the waxy substance that coats and protects the fetus in utero
B)a collection of thick mucus in the cervix that prevents bacteria from entering the uterus
C)the chemical in the head of the spermatozoon that breaks down the outer membrane of the ovum to allow for fertilization
D)a think,yellowish fluid,high in protein and antibodies,secreted from the nipples at the end of pregnancy and during the first few days after delivery
E)neurotransmitters that inhibit physical pain during labor

Question 37

Which of the following is TRUE regarding gay men becoming parents?

A)Assisted reproduction is more expensive for gay couples than it is for lesbians.
B)States are now required to allow gay men to be able to adopt children.
C)Very few gay men want to become parents so there are very few options for them.
D)Gay men must seek out coparenting arrangements with female friends because there are no other options available to them.
E)All of the above are true.

Question 38

At birth the average baby weighs about:

A)six pounds.
B)six and a half pounds.
C)seven pounds.
D)seven and a half pounds.
E)eight pounds.

Question 39

The cheese-like substance that coats the fetus in utero is called:

A)vernix
B)lanugo
C)smegma
D)cervical mucus
E)colostrum

Question 40

What is the name for the intermittent,relatively painless contractions of the uterus after the third month of pregnancy?

A)Apgar contractions
B)Dilation contractions
C)Braxton-Hicks contractions
D)Naegeles contractions
E)Rhogam contractions

Question 41

What is a breech birth?

A)when the amniotic sac doesn't break
B)when the umbilical cord gets tangled
C)when the placenta emerges before the baby
D)when the fetus moves into a "head down" position in the uterus
E)when a baby's feet or buttocks are first

Question 42

What percent of all diagnosed pregnancies end in miscarriage?

A)2-5%
B)5-10%
C)10-15%
D)15-20%
E)25%

Question 43

Cross-cultural,food aversions during pregnancy serve to protect women from eating tainted food.

Question 44

The average length of a pregnancy (calculated from the date of the woman's last menstrual period)is __________ weeks.

A)32
B)36
C)40
D)42
E)44

Question 45

A mother is Rh incompatible with her fetus.What drug is she most likely given?

A)Amnion
B)Apgar
C)Acrosin
D)Rhogam
E)Placentan

Question 46

The baby is actually born during:

A)Stage one.
B)Stage two.
C)Stage three.
D)Stage four.
E)Stage five.

Question 47

At birth the average baby weighs about 6 pounds.

Question 48

If toxemia is not treated,it can lead to __________.

A)pseudocyesis
B)cervical effacement
C)Braxton-Hicks contractions
D)eclampsia
E)placentophagia

Question 49

What happens during the third stage of labor?

A)cervical effacement
B)episiotomy is performed
C)birth of the baby
D)the placenta is expelled
E)all of the above

Question 50

Fertilization normally takes place in the uterus.

Question 51

Which of the following happens during stage one of labor?

A)episiotomy
B)crowning
C)placenta expulsion
D)cutting of the umbilical cord
E)cervical effacement

Question 52

A woman who carries a fetus for another couple (which was created using the couple's ova and sperm)is called the surrogate mother.

Question 53

What is engagement?

A)the expulsion of the mucus plug from the cervix
B)when the top of the head of the baby appears at the vagina
C)the period where contractions are the strongest and the periods in between contractions are the shortest
D)when the fetus moves into a "head down" position in the uterus
E)when a baby's feet or buttocks are first

Question 54

The soft hair that covers the fetus is called lanugo.

Question 55

Researchers believe that trend s in low-calorie diets may be resulting in a falling proportion of boys being born in some countries.

Question 56

What is the name for the sampling and testing of the tissue that develops into the placenta for fetal abnormalities used between the 8^th and 12^th week of pregnancy?

A)Rh-testing
B)amniocentesis
C)episiotomy
D)chorionic villus sampling (CVS)
E)maternal-serum alpha-fetoprotein screening (MSAFP)

Question 57

Identical twins occur when two sperm are able to fertilize the same ovum.

Question 58

If a fertilized egg had just implanted,we know that it would normally be in the vagina.

Question 59

Pregnant women who drink more than a ten ounce cup of coffee daily have a higher rate of miscarriage.

Question 60

Pregnancy tests measure increased levels of estrogen.

Question 61

Women who experience morning sickness during pregnancy have a lower chance of developing breast cancer later in life.

Question 62

The use of marijuana has been found to negatively affect sperm development and production.

Question 63

When a couple is infertile,about 90% of the time,the problem is with the female.

Question 64

In the United States today,more babies are born at home than in the hospital.

Question 65

If a woman has had her fertilized egg implanted outside the uterus,she has an ectopic pregnancy.