Deck 1: Introduction to Pathology

Question 1

The spread of cancerous cells into surrounding tissue by virtue of the close proximity best describes:

A)lymphatic spread.
B)hematogenous spread.
C)invasion.
D)oncogenesis.

Answer 1

invasion.

Question 2

The identification of common DNA pattern sequences and common patterns of genetic variations of single DNA bases resulted in:

A)the Genome Project.
B)genetic linkage maps.
C)haplotype mapping.
D)physical mapping.

Answer 2

haplotype mapping.

Question 3

An adverse response to medical treatment itself is termed:

A)autoimmune.
B)iatrogenic.
C)idiopathic.
D)nosocomial.

Answer 3

iatrogenic.

Question 4

Diseases that are present at birth from genetic or environmental factors are classified as:

A)congenital.
B)degenerative.
C)genetic.
D)metabolic.

Question 5

Prognosis refers to:

A)diseases usually having a quick onset.
B)the name of the particular disease.
C)the predicted course and outcome of the disease.
D)the structure of cells or tissue.

Question 6

A syndrome is best defined as:

A)a genetic abnormality of a single protein.
B)an adverse response to medical treatment.
C)the patient's perception of the disease.
D)signs and symptoms that characterize a specific abnormal disturbance.

Question 7

Cancer originating in epithelial tissue is termed:

A)carcinoma.
B)leukemia.
C)lymphoma.
D)sarcoma.

Question 8

The ease with which a pathogenic organism can overcome the body's defenses best describes:

A)etiology.
B)infection.
C)pathogenesis.
D)virulence.

Question 9

Data regarding the number of deaths caused by a particular disease averaged over a population are collected and reported by the:

A)American College of Radiology.
B)Centers for Disease Control.
C)Food and Drug Administration.
D)National Center for Health Statistics.

Question 10

A genetic disorder caused by an abnormality on one of the 22 nonsex chromosomes is considered:

A)autosomal.
B)dominant.
C)recessive.
D)sex linked.

Question 11

The lymph node into which the primary neoplasm drains during metastasis is termed the _____ node.

A)primary
B)sentinel
C)metastatic
D)neoplastic

Question 12

The sequence of events producing cellular changes following injury best defines:

A)manifestations.
B)pathogenesis.
C)sign.
D)symptom.

Question 13

The study of the cause of disease is termed:

A)disease.
B)etiology.
C)pathogenesis.
D)prognosis.

Question 14

Diseases that generally require a decrease in the exposure technique are considered:

A)destructive.
B)lytic.
C)subtractive.
D)all of the above.

Question 15

The investigation of disease occurring in large groups best defines:

A)epidemiology.
B)incidence.
C)prevalence.
D)all of the above.

Question 16

Each cell in the human body,except the reproductive cells,contains _____ pairs of autosomal chromosomes and _____ sex chromosomes.

A)11;1
B)11;2
C)22;1
D)22;2

Question 17

A protein coat surrounding a genome of either RNA or DNA without an organized cellular structure best describes which type of microorganism?

A)Bacteria
B)Fungi
C)Virus
D)All of the above

Question 18

Diseases caused by the disturbance of normal physiologic function are classified as:

A)degenerative.
B)metabolic.
C)neoplastic.
D)traumatic.

Question 19

An abnormal disturbance of the function and structure of the human body following injury refers to:

A)disease.
B)etiology.
C)manifestations.
D)pathogenesis.

Question 20

In 2010,health spending accounted for approximately _____% of the U.S.gross domestic product.

A)12
B)17
C)21
D)33

Question 21

In classification of a tumor using the TNM system,the T refers to the:

A)size of the primary tumor.
B)lymph node involvement.
C)distant metastasis.
D)histologic grading of the primary tumor.

Question 22

In the treatment of neoplastic disease,interferons and interleukins are associated with:

A)chemotherapy.
B)radiation therapy.
C)hormone therapy.
D)immunotherapy.

Question 23

A histologic evaluation of a primary cancer that is graded as an "I" is considered well differentiated.

Question 24

A tumor consisting of differentiated cells has a higher probability for malignancy.