Deck 8: Central Nervous System

Question 1

Antibiotics are often successful against many forms of meningitis,though antibiotic therapy is never given before a definite diagnosis has been established.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

Optimal detail of posterior fossa structures can be obscured by beam-hardening artifact associated with CT,making MRI the initial modality of choice for evaluating patients of all ages.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Vertebral disks are covered by a tough outer covering called the nucleus pulposus.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

Which of the following is the modality of choice for detecting cerebrovascular hemorrhage following acute head trauma?

A)Computed tomography
B)Magnetic resonance imaging
C)Nuclear medicine
D)Sonography

Question 5

What imaging modality is most commonly used to image the brain of neonates?

A)CT
B)Conventional radiography
C)MRI
D)Ultrasound

Question 6

What is the most common cause of chronic meningitis?

A)Bacterial infections
B)Fungal infections
C)Viral infections
D)None of the above

Question 7

In children,brain tumors often tend to occur in the:

A)brainstem.
B)frontal lobe.
C)temporal lobes.
D)posterior fossa.

Question 8

What are the three meningeal layers of the spinal cord,in order,from outermost to innermost?

A)Dura mater,arachnoid mater,pia mater
B)Arachnoid mater,dura mater,pia mater
C)Pia mater,arachnoid mater,dura mater
D)Dura mater,pia mater,arachnoid mater

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT one of three tumors of the peripheral nerve sheath?

A)Acoustic neuroma
B)Acoustic neurilemma
C)Schwannoma
D)Pituitary adenoma

Question 10

Since the introduction of CT,the overall mortality rate due to brain abscesses has decreased from more than 40% to less than:

A)30%.
B)15%.
C)5%.
D)0.5%.

Question 11

About 80% of all strokes are caused by small vessel disease.

Question 12

Distinguishing clinical features of astrocytomas include:

A)fast growing.
B)infiltrative tumors.
C)high grade of malignancy.
D)all of the above.

Question 13

In patients previously treated for brain neoplasms,who subsequently present with new neurologic complaints,distinguishing between radiation necrosis and tumor recurrence is relatively simple.

Question 14

Which of the following structures is NOT considered part of the brainstem?

A)Pons
B)Medulla oblongata
C)Diencephalon
D)Midbrain

Question 15

A ventricular shunt is placed between the ventricles and the _____ to drain excess CSF in patients diagnosed with hydrocephalus.

A)internal jugular vein
B)heart
C)peritoneum
D)all of the above

Question 16

Which of the following advanced MR imaging techniques is not useful in supporting a diagnosis of MS?

A)Diffusion imaging
B)Functional imaging (fMRI)
C)Perfusion imaging
D)Magnetization transfer

Question 17

Meningiomas are fed by the meningeal arteries,often enabling demonstration of an enlarged foramen spinosum and increased meningeal vascular markings on:

A)skull radiography.
B)contrast-enhanced CT.
C)contrast-enhanced MRI.
D)all of the above.

Question 18

The most common locations for disk herniation are in the lower cervical and lower lumbar regions.

Question 19

Noncontrast brain CT scans are most commonly used to diagnose patients with strokelike symptoms because of their:

A)high sensitivity to ischemic strokes.
B)high sensitivity to hemorrhagic strokes.
C)wide availability.
D)both b and c

Question 20

Spheres,coils,or beads are used to embolize or occlude cerebral vasculature,as in the case of an aneurysm or arteriovenous malformation (AVM).

Question 21

The blood-brain barrier consists of a network of capillaries that connects the arteries and veins of the brain that prevent the passage of unwanted macromolecules and fluids from leaking into the brain parenchyma.

Question 22

A contrast-enhanced CT of the spine is the best imaging choice for postoperative patients in the evaluation of scarring when the tissue extends beyond the vertebral interspace.

Question 23

The appearance of craniopharyngioma tumors on both CT and MR depends on the solid and cystic components of the mass.

Question 24

In spinal tumor diagnosis and evaluation,conventional spine radiographs are primarily reserved for demonstrating bony destruction and widening of the vertebral pedicles related to tumor growth.

Question 25

Recurrence is common with medulloblastomas,and chemotherapy regimens have not been found to be consistently effective in controlling the recurrence.

Question 26

A hemorrhagic stroke results from a rupture of a blood vessel of the brain due to a weakening in the diseased vessel wall.