Deck 7: Urinary System

Question 1

A kidney located out of its normal position is termed:

A)malrotation.
B)ectopic.
C)prolapsed.
D)cross fused.

Answer 1

ectopic.

Question 2

A congenital dilatation of the renal tubules leading to urinary stasis and increased levels of calcium phosphate is:

A)renal agenesis.
B)polycystic kidney disease.
C)crossed ectopy.
D)medullary sponge kidney.

Answer 2

medullary sponge kidney.

Question 3

What type of catheter connects the renal pelvis to the outside of the body?

A)Nephrostomy tube
B)Ureteral stent
C)Foley catheter
D)Suprapubic catheter

Answer 3

Nephrostomy tube

Question 4

Serious adverse effects typically accompany the injection of urographic contrast agents are most common in elderly:

A)black females.
B)white females.
C)black males.
D)white males.

Question 5

What is the modality of choice for evaluating individuals after kidney transplantation?

A)CT
B)MRI
C)Sonography
D)FDG-PET

Question 6

The American College of Radiology's imaging modality of choice for a patient presenting with an acute onset of flank pain or other symptoms that suggest the presence of renal calculi is:

A)CT stone study.
B)abdominal CT with and without contrast.
C)abdominal MR with and without contrast.
D)renal sonogram.

Question 7

Which laboratory test is used to determine the urinary system's ability to break down nitrogenous compounds from proteins to produce urea nitrogen?

A)BUN
B)Serum creatinine
C)GFR
D)All of the above

Question 8

Which of the following is a waste product derived from a breakdown of a compound normally found in muscle tissue?

A)BUN
B)Serum creatinine
C)GFR
D)Urine

Question 9

In an adult,the ureters are normally approximately _____ inches long.

A)5
B)10
C)15
D)20

Question 10

Vesicoureteral reflux is the backward flow of urine out of the bladder and into the urethra.

Question 11

The congenital absence of a kidney is termed:

A)renal agenesis.
B)renal aplasia.
C)compensatory hypertrophy.
D)more than one of the above.

Question 12

Normally,the glomerular filtration rate of the kidneys should be _____ mL/min/1.73m² or greater.

A)30
B)50
C)75
D)90

Question 13

Congenital anomalies of the urinary system are often evaluated in the fetus using which of the following modalities?

A)CT
B)MRI
C)Radiography
D)Sonography

Question 14

Kidney function is generally unimpaired with a horseshoe kidney.

Question 15

Inflammation of the bladder is termed:

A)cystitis.
B)nephritis.
C)glomerulitis.
D)diverticulitis.

Question 16

Renal cell carcinoma is a type of:

A)adenocarcinoma.
B)sarcoma.
C)epithelioma.
D)glioma.

Question 17

A congenital,familial kidney disorder that may be classified as either autosomal recessive or autosomal dominant is:

A)renal agenesis.
B)polycystic kidney disease.
C)crossed ectopy.
D)medullary sponge kidney.

Question 18

Which of the following is highly recommended by the American College of Radiology in the diagnosis of renovascular hypertension?

A)CTA of the kidneys
B)Abdominal CT with and without contrast
C)Abdominal MR with and without contrast
D)MRA of the kidneys

Question 19

An obstructive disorder of the urinary system that causes dilatation of the renal pelvis and calyces with urine is:

A)glomerulonephritis.
B)hydronephrosis.
C)hematuria.
D)nephrosclerosis.

Question 20

Intermittent pain associated with the movement of renal calculi is termed:

A)neurogenic bladder.
B)trabeculae.
C)renal colic.
D)pneumatic lithotripsy.

Question 21

The cure rate for Stage I-III Wilms' tumor (nephroblastoma)is 95%.

Question 22

Renal cell carcinoma often metastasizes to the chest,so often a chest radiograph is recommended.

Question 23

It is estimated that more than half of people at age 50 have renal cysts.

Question 24

The retention of urea in the blood is termed pyurea.