Deck 3: Culture

Question 1

Not wearing deodorant violates a Canadian taboo.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

The downside of cultural relativism is that it may be used to excuse customs and behaviour that violate basic human rights.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Spiders build webs because of their culture.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

Cultural universals are useful because they ensure the smooth and continuous operation of society.

Question 5

Proscriptive norms state what behaviours are appropriate and acceptable.

Question 6

Interactionism provides a systematic framework for analyzing how we shape culture and how,in turn,it shapes us.

Question 7

Over 12 million Canadians identify as Catholic.

Question 8

High culture is sometimes referred to as mass culture.

Question 9

Culture could not exist without symbols because there would be no shared meanings among people.

Question 10

A society includes the knowledge,language,values,customs,and material objects that are passes from person to person and from one generation to the next.

Question 11

Symbolic interactionists focus primarily on macrolevel concerns.

Question 12

A strength of the functionalist perspective on culture is a focus on the needs of society and the fact that stability is essential for society's continued survival.

Question 13

Canadians do NOT experience value contradictions.

Question 14

Language is solely a human characteristic.

Question 15

Hyperreality is a situation in which the simulation of reality is more real than the thing itself.

Question 16

According to the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis,language shapes its speakers' view of reality.

Question 17

Imposing English on residential school students was a form of cultural imperialism.

Question 18

Postmodernists believe that we should speak of culture rather than cultures.

Question 19

Real culture is always the same as ideal culture.

Question 20

Ear spacers are a form of activity fad.

Question 21

A new exhibition of watercolours at the National Gallery is an example of an instrumental need being met.

Question 22

Wearing jeans to the Oscars violates a folkway.

Question 23

Ethnocentrism is the belief that the behaviours and customs of any culture must be viewed and analyzed by the culture's own standards.

Question 24

The middle and working class are the intended recipients of what?

A) high culture
B) popular culture
C) cultural relativism
D) countercultures

Question 25

Which of the following is the best example of a proscriptive norm?

A) standing during the national anthem
B) giving up your seat on a bus to a pregnant woman
C) wearing clothing
D) texting in class during a lecture

Question 26

Emoticons are an example of a cultural universal.

Question 27

Which of the following debates is most common within sociology?

A) nature vs.nurture
B) instinct vs.reflex
C) culture vs.society
D) function vs.drives

Question 28

You have been asked to give a brief presentation to your Introduction to Sociology class on the acquisition of human culture.What will be the basic message of your presentation?

A) We learn about culture through interaction,observation,and imitation in order to participate as members of a group.
B) We are born with a shared sense of who we are and where we belong.
C) Rules about civility,tolerance,and how to communicate with one another are reflexes,drives,and instincts humans share.
D) Culture comes from the toolkit given to us by nature.

Question 29

The English language is gender neutral.

Question 30

Which of the following is a taboo found in virtually every society?

A) public urination
B) incest
C) nudity
D) premarital sex

Question 31

Many Aboriginal languages have personal pronouns based on gender.

Question 32

Praise,honours,or medals for conformity to specific norms are all examples of positive sanctions.

Question 33

Finding Homo floresiensis,the fossil known as "the Hobbit," and learning about how it lived is an example of what?

A) invention
B) diffusion
C) discovery
D) cultural advancement

Question 34

Which statement best defines culture?

A) A large social grouping that occupies the same geographic territory.
B) A set of ideas,behaviours,and material possessions.
C) An interdependent relationship between nations.
D) A divergent set of worldviews.

Question 35

Why are hard-core skinheads considered a counterculture?

A) There are fewer of them relative to other groups in the mainstream society.
B) They focus on views that contradict the norms and values of mainstream Canadian culture.
C) They dress in a clearly identifiable manner.
D) They tend to live on the fringe of society.

Question 36

Cultural diversity is usually produced exclusively by geography.

Question 37

The meaning given a niqab,hijab,or burqa changes depending on time,place,and culture.

Question 38

The French language is an example of material culture.

Question 39

Nick holds honesty in high esteem.He also values money and does not like getting tickets.When caught speeding,he denied it to the police officer to avoid getting a ticket.What is this an example of?

A) a norm
B) a framework for understanding immigration policies
C) a framework for explaining how society dominates culture
D) value contradictions

Question 40

Which of the following is the best example of a gender-neutral term?

A) stewardess
B) actress
C) councilman
D) police officer

Question 41

Which of the following is based on the tendency to regard one's own culture and group as the standard,and thus superior to all other groups?

A) group superiority
B) ethnocentrism
C) the authoritarian personality
D) self-centeredness

Question 42

Which of the following statements best defines nonmaterial culture?

A) Knowledge,techniques and tools that transform resources into usable forms.
B) Tangible creations that members of society make,use and share.
C) Abstract human creations that influence people's behaviour.
D) Social practices that occur across all societies.

Question 43

Why are those who break mores more severely sanctioned than those who don't follow folkways?

A) Because informal norms may be violated without serious consequences.
B) Because breaking a more is universally offensive.
C) Because mores are based on cultural values and are therefore considered to be crucial for the well-being of the group.
D) Because all mores are considered taboos.

Question 44

Exploration,the media,and tourism assist with what process related to culture?

A) discovery
B) diffusion
C) reorganization
D) rediscovery

Question 45

During an election,Tim is trying to choose who to vote for.He wants to ensure that the most vulnerable in Canada are protected economically,but he also wants a balanced budget.What is Tim experiencing?

A) conflicted mores
B) value contradictions
C) real culture
D) informal norms

Question 46

If you overhear someone using derogatory stereotypes to ridicule a recent immigrant who stands out in appearance,what are you witnessing?

A) positive ethnocentrism
B) negative ethnocentrism
C) positive cultural relativism
D) high culture

Question 47

Using a symbolic interactionist perspective,what does Simmel state about money?

A) Money becomes a means to an end.
B) We are aware of worth based on objective,economic calculations.
C) Intrinsic qualities of sports figures or wealthy entrepreneurs matter more than how much money they make in our assessment of their worth.
D) People create money as a means of exchange but then it acquires a social meaning that extends beyond the economic function.

Question 48

In which sentence does the voice of the verb incorrectly ascribe credit,thereby reinforcing racial or gender stereotypes?

A) Chinese Canadians were given the right to vote in 1947.
B) Chinese Canadians fought for the right to vote.
C) Chinese Canadians won the right to vote in 1947.
D) Chinese Canadians got the right to vote in 1974.

Question 49

Rose's interest in both piercings and the opera demonstrates which of the following?

A) Popular culture and high culture are not easily melded together.
B) Popular culture is more pervasive than high culture.
C) Those who participate in high culture tend to dismiss popular culture.
D) Forms of popular culture and high culture are not mutually exclusive.

Question 50

The development of a smartphone app to measure and track blood sugar is an example of what?

A) cultural lag
B) invention
C) discovery
D) cultural diffusion

Question 51

Swastikas,flags,and emoticons are all examples of what?

A) language
B) nature
C) symbols
D) material culture

Question 52

One of your professors constantly uses the term mankind in place of the term humanity.Why does this annoy you?

A) The relationship between language and gender gets masked.
B) Using the masculine form ignores women.
C) Language becomes objective and standardized.
D) Pronouns that show the gender of the person we expect to be in a particular occupation are missing.

Question 53

Taking schoolchildren to the symphony exposes them to what kind of culture?

A) ideal
B) real
C) high
D) popular

Question 54

What is the most common immigrant language spoken in Canada?

A) Punjabi
B) German
C) Spanish
D) Italian

Question 55

Suppose that during a movie,one person begins to talk to the person sitting next to him in an audible tone of voice.A man in another row turns around and says "Keep it down!" What does this illustrate?

A) an informal sanction
B) a formal sanction
C) a taboo
D) a core value

Question 56

What term is used for unlearned,biologically determined impulses common to all members of a species that satisfy needs,such as for sleep,food,water,and sexual gratification?

A) drives
B) society
C) instincts
D) reflexes

Question 57

Historically,what involved unearthing natural elements or existing realities including fire or the true shape of the earth?

A) invention
B) diffusion
C) discovery
D) cultural advancement

Question 58

The spread of Disney theme parks around the world along with the American ideas,language,and business that comes with them is a form of what?

A) commodity fever
B) symbolic capital
C) cultural imperialism
D) popular cultural trust

Question 59

A student is temporarily suspended for cheating on a test.What is this an example of?

A) a folkway
B) a positive sanction
C) a negative sanction
D) a law

Question 60

Which term represents a language-based predisposition to think about women in sexual terms?

A) female
B) babe
C) woman
D) she

Question 61

What do sociologists call mores that are so strong that their violation is considered to be extremely offensive and even unmentionable?

A) Laws
B) taboos
C) negative sanctions
D) formal sanctions

Question 62

What is a loose garment that covers the hands and face or the entire body and includes a mesh screen over the eyes called?

A) burka
B) hijab
C) niqab
D) turban

Question 63

When a person violates a folkway,what is the most likely reaction?

A) an informal sanction
B) a formal sanction
C) a positive sanction
D) a prescriptive sanction

Question 64

The gap between the development of cyberbullying and the laws to address it is an example of what?

A) technological gap
B) diffusion gap
C) cultural lag
D) legal lag

Question 65

What is the gap between the technical development of a society and its moral and legal institutions?

A) cultural diffusion
B) cultural relativity
C) cultural innovation
D) cultural lag

Question 66

What term does Ann Swidler use for symbols,stories,rituals and worldviews?

A) intergenerational transmission
B) collective memory
C) cultural toolkit
D) institutional repertoires

Question 67

Suppose a person enters a new society and becomes nauseous at the sight of the customs and social environment.What is this person experiencing?

A) positive ethnocentrism
B) negative ethnocentrism
C) subcultural shame
D) national anomie

Question 68

Which of the following is NOT a feature of multiculturalism in Canada?

A) It presents challenges to new Canadians.
B) It remains a positive reality for the majority of Canadians.
C) It can result in too much diversity.
D) It represents a symbol of Canadian identity.

Question 69

What is a system of symbols that expresses ideas and enables people to think and communicate with one another?

A) material culture
B) gestures
C) language
D) emoticons

Question 70

What term would a sociologist use to describe grain elevators,banking pin chips,or training in CPR?

A) industrialization
B) technology
C) material culture
D) nonmaterial culture

Question 71

Behavioural responses that satisfy needs such as sleep,food,water,or sexual gratification are examples of what?

A) instincts
B) reflexes
C) drives
D) learned behaviours

Question 72

Hidayah observes that while hairstyles differ across time and place,she is almost always able to find some instructions or prescription for what is acceptable.What is this an example of,according to Murdock (1945)?

A) cultural universals
B) a social fact
C) cultural referents
D) values

Question 73

Sue is wearing her graduating class sweatshirt.What does this exemplify?

A) symbols
B) beliefs
C) nonmaterial culture
D) material culture

Question 74

Going to a baseball game with your sister is participating in what kind of culture?

A) nonmaterial
B) popular
C) high
D) counter

Question 75

What do functionalists argue about popular culture?

A) It serves as the glue that holds society together.
B) It can glorify things like crime,which undermines core cultural values rather than reinforces them.
C) In the form of television and the Internet,it helps integrate recent immigrants into the mainstream culture.
D) It can homogenize long-term residents as a result of seeing the same images and being exposed to the same beliefs and values.

Question 76

The desire for water is an example of what?

A) functions
B) reflexes
C) instincts
D) drives

Question 77

When a person sneezes in response to dust particles,it is called what?

A) an instinct
B) a reflex
C) a drive
D) a conditioned response

Question 78

What do sociologists refer to as "the knowledge,language,values,customs,and material objects that are passed from person to person and from one generation to the next in a human group or society"?

A) culture
B) society
C) social organization
D) religion

Question 79

Monica follows Drake on Instagram,Twitter,and Facebook.What sociological concept defines Monica's behaviour?

A) object fad
B) idea fad
C) activity fad
D) personality fad

Question 80

What is the transmission of cultural items or social practices from one group or society to another?

A) discovery
B) diffusion
C) reorganization
D) rediscovery