Deck 20: Collective Behaviour

Question 1

Which concept best reflects the capacity of human society to sustain itself without destroying the environment that supports humans?

A) environmental sustainability
B) new ecological paradigm
C) green management
D) conservation preservation

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Which statement best reflects an ecofeminist analysis?

A) Women will protect Earth because they are closer to nature.
B) Nature has both masculine and feminine built into it.
C) Women make unique contributions to climate change.
D) Women are especially harmed by environmental problems.

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Climate change may cause up to half the world's population to experience severe food shortages.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Most studies suggests that increased accumulation of goods has resulted in steadily rising levels of happiness.

Question 5

Which theories would point out that the disasters in Bhopal,India,and Grassy Narrows,Ontario,were both caused by company greed?

A) conflict
B) ecological modernization
C) ecofeminist
D) constructionist

Question 6

Black community leaders in Los Angeles explained how roadway development initiatives disrupted their communities by displacing members and increasing air pollution.What concept best explains this occurrence?

A) environmental racism
B) climate discrimination
C) ecological exploitation
D) conservation marginalization

Question 7

Animal protection laws are regularly contested by animal-using organizations and industries.

Question 8

Indigenous communities in Canada are likely to have worse health effects due to the consequences of environmental racism

Question 9

The new ecological paradigm holds that human activity is largely unaffected by environmental conditions.

Question 10

Ecofeminists care only about women's negative experiences from environmental exploitation.

Question 11

When considering global environmental inequality,what is a primary focus of environmental sociologists?

A) the types of environmental problems that emerge
B) the unequal distribution of environmental harms
C) the activist work of environmental rights organizations
D) the specific place under consideration

Question 12

Climate change has only a marginal impact on human mortality.

Question 13

Which theories would note that the tragedies in Bhopal,India,and Grassy Narrows,Ontario,were poorly addressed because they affected marginalized communities?

A) conflict
B) ecological modernization
C) ecofeminist
D) constructionist

Question 14

Conflict theorists argue that capitalists and workers both benefit from activities that can have significant environmental impact.

Question 15

Reggie claims that natural sciences,like ethology,are the only ones able to adequately address environmental issues.Which paradigm best describes Reggie's outlook?

A) ecological priority paradigm
B) environmental uniqueness paradigm
C) human exemptionalism paradigm
D) social consideration paradigm

Question 16

Which theories tend to focus on positive aspects of human and environment interactions,rather than emphasizing the negative impact of people's behaviour?

A) treadmill of production theories
B) ecological modernization theories
C) ecofeminist theories
D) constructionist theories

Question 17

Environmental justice initiatives focus only on marginalized communities

Question 18

According to Dunlap and Catton,one key ecosystem function is to absorb human wastes.

Question 19

Interactionist theories may have the unintended consequence of suggesting environmental threats are not serious.

Question 20

Which theories are likely to recommend using laws and changes to government policy as ways to address environmental problems?

A) treadmill of production theories
B) ecological modernization theories
C) ecofeminist theories
D) constructionist theories

Question 21

Which theories are likely to examine how certain environmental issues are seen as important to address?

A) treadmill of production theories
B) ecological modernization theories
C) ecofeminist theories
D) constructionist theories

Question 22

Which of the following reflects Catton and Dunlap's belief about traditional sociological inquiry?

A) It recognizes how the natural world places constraints on human activity.
B) Insufficient time is spent examining the consequences of climate change.
C) It tends to ignore the role of nature in shaping human circumstances.
D) Ecology is treated as more important than economy.

Question 23

Which theories are likely to identify environmental exploitation as one of a number of types of oppressions?

A) treadmill of production theories
B) ecological modernization theories
C) ecofeminist theories
D) constructionist theories

Question 24

Canada makes up less than one percent of the world's population.Where does it stand in its responsibility for damage to the environment?

A) It's the third largest producer of greenhouse gases.
B) It's the eighth largest producer of greenhouse gases.
C) It's the 14th largest producer of greenhouse gases.
D) It's the 17th largest producer of greenhouse gases.

Question 25

What problem did the 1998 ice storm in Eastern Ontario and Quebec reveal?

A) Communities are resilient in the face of environmental disasters.
B) Environmental challenges can be worsened by the structure of modern society.
C) Climate change is causing greater environmental problems than ever.
D) Canada has some of the greatest disaster-preparedness in the world.

Question 26

According to Hannigan,which step is necessary for successfully constructing an environmental problem?

A) researching a claim
B) defining a claim
C) presenting a claim
D) resolving a claim

Question 27

Which of the following does the text identify as a primary health concern related to climate change?

A) illnesses related to obesity
B) illnesses related to physical activity
C) illnesses related to food-borne disease
D) illnesses related to age

Question 28

On what basis do ecological modernization theorists critique conflict theorists?

A) Conflict theorists do not go far enough in their call to overhaul capitalism.
B) Conflict theorists ignore how capitalism can create solutions to environmental problems.
C) Conflict theorists demand solutions that are old-fashioned and obsolete.
D) Conflict theorists pay insufficient attention to how climate change is linked to social systems.

Question 29

What underlying problem precipitates the treadmill of production?

A) Capitalism supports the endless supply of goods and wealth accumulation.
B) There is an endless supply of resources to be used on Earth.
C) Workers continue to demand higher wages and benefits.
D) The standard of living is increasing across the globe.

Question 30

Which perspectives question why societies allow practices that destroy natural environments?

A) postmodern
B) interactionist
C) functionalist
D) conflict

Question 31

What is environmental sociology most concerned with?

A) studying the built society
B) examining the interaction between the physical environment and human society
C) exploring rock formations
D) investigating the causes of climate change

Question 32

What main criticism do green criminologists have about existing laws?

A) Environmental activists are too rarely prosecuted for their crimes.
B) Too many environmentally harmful activities are not unlawful.
C) Unfounded lawsuits are too often brought against industries perceived to cause environmental harm.
D) The sentences for those convicted of breaking environmental laws are too lenient.

Question 33

Apul believes it is integral to understand the role that the environment plays in society.What concept best reflects his viewpoint?

A) new ecological paradigm
B) human exceptionalism paradigm
C) social understanding paradigm
D) entity interconnection paradigm

Question 34

Which statement best reflects a core idea of ecological modernization theories?

A) The adoption of socialism will bring about real environmental improvements.
B) Capitalism can generate solutions to environmental challenges.
C) Socialist economies cause most severe environmental issues.
D) Environmental problems can only be solved if capitalism dissolves.

Question 35

According to the text,which country faces some of the greatest and most comprehensive environmental challenges in the world?

A) China
B) Sweden
C) Bolivia
D) Greece

Question 36

Which statement represents a valid critique of ecological modernization theories?

A) These theories fail to discuss the relationship between the economy and the environment.
B) They wrongly say that technological innovations have addressed environmental problems.
C) There is no evidence to support the idea that legal changes benefit the environment.
D) They recommend only minor changes considering humans use Earth beyond its carrying capacity.

Question 37

Which example best represents the principle of environmental justice?

A) A government appoints a Minister responsible for the environment.
B) Citizens form an environmental group.
C) Communities review the environmental impact of new development.
D) A country enshrines the right to a healthy environment into its constitution.

Question 38

Why are governments distancing themselves from adopting more stringent environmental laws?

A) Too many Members of Parliament believe that climate change is a hoax.
B) They've been successfully sued by polluting industries.
C) They're torn between the perceived conflict of protecting the environment and the economy.
D) They want to avoid any potential political repercussions.

Question 39

Roughly how many people are predicted to live on Earth by 2040?

A) 7 billion
B) 8 billion
C) 9 billion
D) 10 billion

Question 40

Which concept best describes activities aimed at understanding environmental harms that are also unlawful?

A) green criminology
B) environmental injustice
C) ecological criminality
D) conservation illegality

Question 41

What represents a crucial problem with contemporary animal cruelty laws?

A) Most people do not care about animal welfare.
B) Current laws are human-centred.
C) It's difficult to apply human standards to nonhuman animals.
D) The laws dictating how animals should be treated are too strict.