Deck 5: Energy and Photosynthesis

Question 1

The fuel used to run our cars contains _____ energy.

A) heat
B) kinetic
C) potential
D) friction
E) gravitational

Answer 1

C

Question 2

What would happen if algae,cyanobacteria,and plants were wiped out?

A) Oxygen levels would rise.
B) Heterotrophs would not be able to use autotrophs as an energy source.
C) Autotrophs would not be able to use heterotrophs as an energy source.
D) Carbon dioxide would be rapidly released from dying autotrophs.
E) Heterotrophs would convert to autotrophs.

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Which of these photon wavelengths contains the greatest amount of energy?

A) gamma rays
B) visible light
C) radio waves
D) infrared radiation
E) microwaves

Answer 3

A

Question 4

_____ can directly use the energy of sunlight to make their own food,and _____ must rely on other organisms to provide the energy they need to survive.

A) Autotrophs;heterotrophs
B) Heterotrophs;autotrophs
C) Photosynthetic organisms;autotrophs
D) Autotrophs;photosynthetic organisms
E) Heterotrophs;photosynthetic organisms

Question 5

What energy source drives the carbon fixation process of photosynthesis,and where does it come from?

A) kinetic energy from light absorption stored in ATP
B) chemical energy from light absorption stored in ATP
C) directly from the chemical energy of light
D) directly from the kinetic energy of light
E) chemical energy from glucose stored in ATP

Question 6

Which statement accurately summarizes the process of photosynthesis?

A) Chloroplasts capture sunlight,carbon dioxide is split,oxygen is released,and oxygen is used to convert captured energy into glucose.
B) Chloroplasts capture carbon dioxide,water is split,sunlight turns carbon dioxide into oxygen,and oxygen is used to convert glucose to energy.
C) Chloroplasts capture sunlight,water is split,oxygen is released,and carbon dioxide is used to convert oxygen to glucose.
D) Chloroplasts capture oxygen,sunlight turns oxygen into carbon dioxide,and carbon dioxide is used to convert glucose to energy.
E) Chloroplasts capture sunlight,water is split,oxygen is released,and carbon dioxide is used to convert chemical energy into glucose.

Question 7

Photons are critical to the process of photosynthesis because photons _____.

A) provide the water needed to conduct photosynthesis
B) are needed to excite the electrons of the pigment atoms in chlorophyll
C) provide the electricity needed to excite the chlorophyll in the leaves
D) cause leaves to appear green and attract sunlight
E) provide the chlorophyll needed to conduct photosynthesis

Question 8

What organelle does an algae need to be able to conduct photosynthesis?

A) mitochondrion
B) nucleus
C) chloroplast
D) solar transformer
E) cell membrane

Question 9

Which sequence correctly traces the flow of energy needed to move an automobile?

A) chemical energy;heat energy;kinetic energy
B) kinetic energy;heat energy;chemical energy
C) chemical energy;kinetic energy;chemical energy
D) heat energy;chemical energy;kinetic energy
E) heat energy,kinetic energy;chemical energy

Question 10

Why do many species of algae appear green?

A) They fluoresce green in sunlight.
B) The chlorophyll pigment they contain is green.
C) Carbon fixation turns their tissue green.
D) They live in plant leaves,so they appear green.
E) Algae are only green during the night when they are not conducting photosynthesis.

Question 11

Which sequence correctly describes the input (I)and output (O)of photosynthesis.

A) I - oxygen,carbon dioxide,photons;O - glucose,water
B) I - carbon dioxide,photons;O - glucose,water,oxygen
C) I - glucose,water,oxygen;O - carbon dioxide,photons
D) I - carbon dioxide,photons,water;O - oxygen,glucose
E) I - carbon dioxide,photons,oxygen;O - water,glucose

Question 12

Photosynthesis can be broken down into two basic mechanisms (photo and synthesis).Which sequence describes these two mechanisms?

A) Photo - absorption of light;Synthesis - carbon fixation
B) Photo - carbon fixation with light;Synthesis - absorption of carbon dioxide
C) Photo - absorption of light;Synthesis - carbon dioxide is released
D) Photo - carbon fixation with light;Synthesis - reliant on the presence of water to make oxygen
E) Photo - reliant on the pigment chlorophyll;Synthesis - carbon fixation

Question 13

Which of these are photosynthetic organisms?

A) molds
B) cyanobacteria
C) plants
D) fungi
E) cyanobacteria and plants

Question 14

The energy in a cereal bar is _____ energy.The energy of a cyclist pedaling is _____ energy.

A) light;chemical
B) potential;chemical
C) chemical;kinetic
D) potential;potential
E) kinetic;potential

Question 15

Glucose is a product of photosynthesis.Where do the carbon atoms of glucose produced during photosynthesis come from?

A) starch
B) cow manure
C) molecules in air
D) water
E) soil

Question 16

Which statement describes the ways that photosynthetic algae and animals obtain energy?

A) Algae obtain energy from sugar made by light-absorbing energy producers.
B) Algae obtain energy from oxygen and water.
C) Animals obtain energy from sugar made by light-absorbing energy producers.
D) Animals obtain energy through fermentation of carbohydrates.
E) Algae obtain energy from proteins and oils made by heterotrophs.

Question 17

Imagine that you have discovered a new species that has the ability to consume other organisms for energy and also contains chloroplasts.What would these properties tell you about the organism?

A) This organism is both a heterotroph and an autotroph.
B) The organism lives in an environment where sugar sources are only available in sunlight.
C) This photosynthetic organism is unique because it contains mitochondria to use the sugar it absorbs.
D) This organism is a prokaryote.
E) This organism lives in an environment where light levels are too low for photosynthesis to occur.

Question 18

Each time energy is converted from one form to another,a percentage of that energy is lost as _____ or fails to be converted.

A) water
B) carbon dioxide
C) combustion
D) fuel
E) heat

Question 19

The energy of sunlight exists in the form of _____.

A) glucose
B) photons
C) gamma rays
D) ions
E) particles

Question 20

Kinetic energy is best described as _____.

A) stored energy
B) light energy
C) the energy of movement
D) heat energy
E) chemical energy

Question 21

What organelle(s)would a non-photosynthetic alga need to obtain in order to carry out photosynthesis?

A) mitochondria
B) nucleus
C) chloroplast
D) solar transformer
E) cell membrane

Question 22

Autotrophs are useful because

A) they remove carbon dioxide from the air.
B) they add oxygen to the air.
C) they are a source of food for humans.
D) some are a potential source of fuel.
E) All of the above.

Question 23

Kinetic energy is best described as

A) stored energy.
B) light energy.
C) the energy of movement.
D) heat energy.
E) All of the answers are correct,depending on the situation.

Question 24

Which factor is NOT driving our search for alternative fuel sources?

A) legislation that requires a certain production of biofuels in the next 10 years
B) the dwindling fossil fuel resources
C) global warming from carbon dioxide emissions
D) increasing demand for fuel
E) the large amount of water and pesticides used when biodiesel is produced from corn

Question 25

The ultimate source of energy for most living organisms is

A) geothermal energy.
B) sunlight.
C) wind.
D) algae.
E) heat.

Question 26

Photosynthetic algae are

A) eukaryotic autotrophs.
B) prokaryotic autotrophs.
C) eukaryotic heterotrophs.
D) prokaryotic heterotrophs.

Question 27

Glucose is a product of photosynthesis.Where do the carbon atoms in glucose come from?

A) starch
B) cow manure
C) molecules in air
D) water
E) soil

Question 28

Why are algae considered more valuable for biofuel than plants (such as corn)?

A) Their photosynthetic products are sugar.
B) They are cheaper to grow.
C) They utilize more O₂
D) They require the same amount of fertilizer.
E) All of these are correct.

Question 29

Which of the following organisms is NOT an autotroph?

A) algae
B) cyanobacteria
C) mushroom
D) corn
E) pine tree

Question 30

Why did searching for unique algae species open new opportunities for their use as a biofuel?

A) It made the process less cost effective.
B) It allowed algae to be grown in a narrower range of locations.
C) It can make the process independent of sunlight.
D) It allowed for the use of existing forms of kinetic energy.
E) All of these answer choices are correct.

Question 31

All of the following are autotrophs EXCEPT

A) a giant redwood.
B) a cyanobacterium.
C) the algae living inside a lichen.
D) a kangaroo.
E) a blueberry plant.

Question 32

When considering which biofuel is the most sustainable,which of these must be considered?

A) water use only
B) energy use only
C) fertilizer and pesticide use only
D) water and energy use only
E) water,energy,and fertilizer and pesticide use

Question 33

An organism that makes its own food by photosynthesis is called

A) an autotroph.
B) a heterotroph.
C) a myotroph.
D) a phototroph.
E) a flurotroph.

Question 34

The fuel energy you provide your car is best described as

A) kinetic.
B) chemical.
C) heat.
D) potential.
E) both chemical and potential.

Question 35

An autotroph ultimately gets its energy from

A) stored food.
B) eating heterotrophs.
C) food.
D) the Sun.
E) digestion.

Question 36

Which of the following photon wavelengths contains the greatest amount of energy?

A) violet
B) red
C) green
D) yellow
E) blue

Question 37

An organism that can carry out photosynthesis is

A) a heterotroph.
B) usually found on the land.
C) an autotroph.
D) a fungus.
E) always a plant.

Question 38

Why are energy-rich lipids from algae more useful as a fuel than energy-rich sugars and other carbohydrates produced by photosynthetic organisms such as corn and wheat?

A) The sugars contain less chemical energy than the lipids.
B) The lipids require an additional fermentation step to produce usable chemical energy.
C) The lipids can be used directly as fuel.
D) The sugars contain less chemical energy than the lipids and the lipids can be used directly as fuel.
E) The lipids require an additional fermentation step to produce usable chemical energy and the sugars contain less chemical energy than the lipids.

Question 39

Which molecules are produced by autotrophs during photosynthesis?

A) glucose and carbon dioxide
B) glucose and oxygen
C) water and carbon dioxide
D) glucose,carbon dioxide,and water
E) carbon dioxide,oxygen,and glucose

Question 40

The radiant energy of the Sun is used by autotrophs to produce

A) kinetic energy for cellular functions.
B) potential energy such as oils.
C) kinetic energy to make cell components.
D) potential energy such as carbohydrates.
E) All of the above

Question 41

Algae capture light energy using which process?

A) the electron-transport chain
B) photosynthesis
C) cellular respiration
D) fermentation
E) anaerobic respiration

Question 42

In a comparison of two different light bulbs,how could you infer which one was more efficient in terms of energy conversion?

A) compare lumens
B) compare cost
C) compare bulb temperature
D) compare bulb wattage
E) compare longevity of each bulb

Question 43

Which car would have the most efficient engine in terms of energy conversion?

A) a luxury truck with 20 mpg
B) a sports vehicle with 25 mpg
C) an SUV with 28 mpg
D) a compact with 30 mpg
E) a bus with 32 mpg

Question 44

Energy cannot be

A) harvested or transferred,but it can be created.
B) created or destroyed,but it can be transformed.
C) transformed or destroyed,but it can be transferred.
D) transferred or avoided,but it can be harvested.
E) transformed or created,but it can be destroyed.

Question 45

A rock balanced at the top of a precipice has

A) mechanical energy.
B) radiant energy.
C) chemical energy.
D) potential energy.
E) kinetic energy.

Question 46

"Heat" is best described as

A) kinetic energy associated with the formation of chemical bonds.
B) potential energy associated with the breaking of chemical bonds.
C) kinetic energy associated with chemical bonds.
D) potential energy associated with random particle motion.
E) kinetic energy associated with random particle motion.

Question 47

Generally,energy lost when transferring from one form to another is lost as

A) CO₂.
B) O₂.
C) glucose.
D) electricity.
E) heat.

Question 48

A rock sitting on top of a hill has _____ energy.While rolling down the hill the rock would have _____ energy.

A) potential;chemical
B) kinetic;kinetic
C) kinetic;potential
D) potential;kinetic
E) kinetic;chemical

Question 49

The energy in our food is contained within the

A) chemical bonds of biological molecules.
B) carbon atoms of molecules.
C) nucleus of carbon atoms.
D) fat molecules.
E) food's ATP molecules.

Question 50

Which statement about an autotroph is NOT true?

A) produces carbohydrates and requires carbon dioxide
B) uses inorganic materials for nutrients
C) requires an input of light or chemical energy
D) makes its own food
E) is dependent on other organisms for its food

Question 51

All energy in the biological world ultimately originates from

A) chemical energy.
B) radiant energy.
C) potential energy.
D) kinetic energy.
E) mechanical energy.

Question 52

What occurs as a cyclist pedals down a hill?

A) Potential energy and kinetic energy are unchanged.
B) Potential energy goes down as kinetic energy goes down.
C) Potential energy goes up as kinetic energy goes down.
D) Potential energy goes up as kinetic energy goes up.
E) Potential energy goes down as kinetic energy goes up.

Question 53

If your car runs out of gas,the energy that was contained in the gas has

A) been destroyed.
B) increased and changed form.
C) been converted to several other forms of energy.
D) created new energy.
E) been converted into chemical energy.

Question 54

The principle that energy is neither created nor destroyed,but can change form,is referred to as the principle of

A) entropy.
B) energetics.
C) kinetics.
D) conservation of energy.
E) creation.

Question 55

The less efficient an organism is in the conversion of energy from chemical to kinetic forms to do work,the more it will produce

A) heat in the form of kinetic energy.
B) heat in the form of mechanical energy.
C) heat in the form of radiant energy.
D) heat in the form chemical energy.
E) heat in the form potential energy.

Question 56

A local developer starts a project to build a house in a natural field.He bulldozes the topsoil to the edge and digs a hole for the basement.Due to financial problems,he abandons the project leaving a 1000-square-meter patch of bare land.What effect does this land conversion have on atmospheric carbon dioxide?

A) 30 more grams of carbon dioxide will be removed from the atmosphere per year.
B) 30,000 more grams of carbon dioxide will be removed from the atmosphere per year.
C) 30 fewer grams of carbon dioxide will be removed from the atmosphere per year.
D) 30,000 fewer grams of carbon dioxide will be removed from the atmosphere per year.
E) 30,000 more grams of carbon dioxide will be released into the atmosphere per year.

Question 57

Animal movement requires a conversion of energy from

A) mechanical to potential energy.
B) radiant to kinetic energy.
C) chemical to kinetic energy.
D) mechanical energy to kinetic.
E) kinetic to potential energy.

Question 58

__________ have chloroplasts and produce __________ as a waste product,whereas __________ ingest their food and have _________ as a waste product.

A) Autotrophs;glucose;heterotrophs;oxygen
B) Autotrophs;oxygen;heterotrophs;carbon dioxide
C) Autotrophs;oxygen;heterotrophs;glucose
D) Heterotrophs;carbon dioxide;autotrophs;oxygen
E) Heterotrophs;oxygen;autotrophs;carbon dioxide

Question 59

_____ is the ability to do work.

A) Fuel
B) Conservation
C) Energy
D) Photosynthesis
E) Motion

Question 60

What happens to the chemical energy produced by photosynthesis?

A) It is used to build more cells.
B) It is used to fuel cellular processes.
C) It is used as an immediate source of energy.
D) It is stored.
E) All of the above.

Question 61

Which of the following equations describes photosynthesis?

A) sunlight + O₂ $\rightarrow$ CO₂ + H₂O + glucose
B) sunlight + glucose + CO₂ $\rightarrow$ O₂ + H₂O
C) sunlight + CO₂ $\rightarrow$ O₂ + H₂O + glucose
D) sunlight + H₂O + CO₂ $\rightarrow$ O₂ + glucose
E) sunlight + H₂O + O₂ $\rightarrow$ CO₂ + glucose

Question 62

Chlorophyll absorbs what color(s)of light?

A) red and blue
B) green and blue
C) green,red,and blue
D) all visible colors
E) green only

Question 63

The conversion of inorganic carbon to organic carbon is called

A) carbon conversion.
B) carbon sequestration.
C) carbon fixation.
D) carbon exchange.
E) carbon bonding.

Question 64

The first stage of photosynthesis converts sunlight energy into

A) kinetic energy.
B) glucose.
C) chemical energy.
D) heat.
E) water.

Question 65

Which of the following is a correct pairing of two properties of light?

A) long wavelength-high energy
B) visible light-400 to 750 nm wavelength
C) low energy-short wavelength
D) light used for photosynthesis-reflected color
E) green light-absorbed by chlorophyll

Question 66

What is the carbon source used in photosynthesis?

A) organic carbon
B) carbon monoxide
C) carbon dioxide
D) glucose
E) ribose

Question 67

Chlorophyll reflects what color(s)of light?

A) red
B) green
C) blue
D) all visible colors
E) red and blue

Question 68

What is the carbon source used in photosynthesis?

A) ¹⁴C
B) ⁶C
C) CO
D) CO₂
E) C₆H₁₂O₆

Question 69

The process by which algae make the biomolecules they use for energy storage is

A) cellular respiration.
B) photosynthesis.
C) unique to algae.
D) also found in some animals.
E) dependent on oxygen.

Question 70

A particle of light energy is called a

A) lumen.
B) spectrum.
C) photon.
D) wavelength.
E) nanometer.

Question 71

The most common end-product of photosynthesis is

A) glucose.
B) ethanol.
C) lactic acid.
D) biofuels.
E) ethylene.

Question 72

Photosynthesis would not occur in the absence of

A) oxygen and water.
B) light,carbon dioxide,and water.
C) carbon dioxide,oxygen,and water.
D) carbon dioxide and oxygen.
E) light,carbon dioxide,oxygen,and water.

Question 73

In addition to sunlight and carbon dioxide,algae growth requires

A) oxygen,water,and nutrients.
B) potassium and phosphates.
C) water and nutrients.
D) nitrogen and oxygen.
E) oxygen and water.

Question 74

Chlorophyll pigments absorb __________,which in turn excite _________,which then are used in reactions to generate __________.

A) photons;electrons;ATP
B) protons;electrons;ATP
C) photons;electrons;protein
D) protons;photons;ATP
E) electrons;photons;protein

Question 75

To grow algae,all of the following are needed EXCEPT

A) water.
B) sunlight.
C) oxygen.
D) carbon dioxide.
E) nutrients.

Question 76

What molecules are produced by autotrophs?

A) C₆H₁₂O₆ and H₂O
B) O₂ and CO
C) C₆H₁₂O₆,H₂O,and O₂
D) H₂O and O₂
E) C₆H₁₂O₆ and O₂

Question 77

In plants,light energy is collected by which organelles?

A) Golgi apparatus
B) mitochondria
C) endoplasmic reticulum
D) chloroplasts
E) vacuoles

Question 78

The main energy currency of the cell (the molecule used to fuel the cell)is

A) ATP.
B) cyclic AMP.
C) GNP.
D) ADP.
E) DNA.

Question 79

Sunlight consists of

A) the visible light spectrum.
B) long wavelength and short-energy spectrum.
C) short wavelength and high-energy spectrum.
D) the entire electromagnetic spectrum.
E) all spectrums except x-rays.

Question 80

The O₂ released during photosynthesis comes from splitting

A) glucose.
B) H₂O₂.
C) water.
D) CO₂.
E) ATP.