Deck 16: Aging and Multigenerational Families

Question 1

Women, on average, live about years longer than men.

A) two
B) five
C) eight
D) twelve

Answer 1

B

Question 2

The text points out that among older Americans without partners, living arrangements depend on a variety of factors. Which of the following is NOT one of these?

A) attitudes toward divorce
B) the status of one's health
C) the availability of others with whom to reside
D) personal preferences for privacy and independence

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Projections are that, by the year 2050, there will be approximately million Americans age 65 and older.

A) 34
B) 57
C) 88
D) 101

Answer 3

C

Question 4

The text estimates that about 40 percent of the income of people age 65 and older is from

A) earnings on investments and savings.
B) Social Security benefits and related federal programs.
C) employee pensions.
D) gifts and other sources.

Question 5

Women's Social Security benefits average about percent of men's.

A) 76
B) 66
C) 56
D) 46

Question 6

Another important factor in morale in later life is , which has a substantial impact on marital quality as well as other social contacts.

A) wealth
B) health
C) career
D) volunteerism

Question 7

The poverty rate for those over age 65 is now about one-half that of children. The primary explanation for this difference is older Americans'

A) organization and lobbying to protect Social Security.
B) greater tendency to be thrifty.
C) work ethic.
D) inherited wealth.

Question 8

The text points out that older women are likely to live alone than older men.

A) less likely
B) just as likely
C) somewhat more
D) significantly more

Question 9

About percent of Americans age 65 and older live in nursing homes.

A) 1
B) 3.5
C) 7
D) 10.5

Question 10

In 2013, the median income of individual American males aged 65 and older was

A) under $10,000.
B) about $20,000.
C) almost $30,000.
D) over $50,000.

Question 11

Later life couples who hold more attitudes toward gender roles report significantly higher levels of marital happiness.

A) authoritarian
B) autocratic
C) egalitarian
D) traditional

Question 12

A 2009 national survey of Americans found that percent of men age 70 and older reported having sexual intercourse at least once or twice a month.

A) 7
B) 13
C) 22
D) 40

Question 13

Demographers divide the aging population into three categories. Which of the following is NOT one of these?

A) "advanced-old"
B) "young-old"
C) "older-old"
D) "old-old"

Question 14

According to demographers, people aged 65-74 are categorized as the

A) "childish-old."
B) "young-old."
C) "older-old."
D) "old-old."

Question 15

Life expectancy at birth for nonHispanic whites in 2012 was

A) 68.8
B) 74.8
C) 78.8
D) 84.8

Question 16

Due mainly to , older men are much more likely to be living with their spouse than are older women.

A) their attitudes toward divorce
B) differences in life expectancy
C) their personal preferences
D) retirement choices

Question 17

According to the demographic classification scheme of the aging population, the "old-old" refers to people who are

A) age 85 and over.
B) age 75-84.
C) age 65-74.
D) over age 65.

Question 18

Today over million Americans are age 65 or older.

A) 10
B) 20
C) 40
D) 80

Question 19

Today's older Americans are generally better off than generations preceding them. This is largely due to

A) welfare reform.
B) women joining the labor force.
C) Social Security pensions and Medicare health insurance.
D) private investments.

Question 20

About of older adults are living in poverty.

A) one-tenth
B) one-quarter
C) one-third
D) half

Question 21

As they grow older, women are adversely affected by ; that is, men aren't considered old or sexually ineligible as soon as women are.

A) the old maid syndrome
B) sex stereotyping
C) a negative gender script
D) the double standard of aging

Question 22

In Silverstein and Bengston's typology of intergenerational relationships, which type is not characterized by emotional closeness or similarity of opinions, but adult children are likely to provide and/or receive assistance?

A) tight-knit
B) intimate but distant
C) obligatory
D) detached

Question 23

Today's parents can find themselves in the ; paying for a child's college tuition, worrying about the financial burden of eldercare for aging parents, while trying to save for their own retirement.

A) aging bind
B) double caretaking role
C) financial "double pinch"
D) "senior sandwich generation"

Question 24

According to Silverstein and Bengston's analysis, the most common relationship between a mother and her adult child was

A) detached.
B) sociable.
C) tight-knit.
D) obligatory.

Question 25

Among women between ages 75 and 84, are widowed, compared with just 17 percent of men.

A) one-third
B) one-half
C) two-thirds
D) three-quarters

Question 26

The text concludes that overall, adult children's relations with their parents, while not necessarily tight-knit, continue to be

A) homogeneous.
B) heterogeneous.
C) nuclear.
D) meaningful.

Question 27

The text lists several qualities and attitudes that predict good adjustment for retiring couples. Which of the following is NOT one of these?

A) role flexibility
B) companionship
C) regular exercise
D) intimacy

Question 28

The text observes that grandparents continue to provide practical help and may serve as valuable

A) "tiger parents."
B) "companions."
C) "family watchdogs."
D) "honey badgers."

Question 29

Sociologists Merril Silverstein and Vern L. Bengston developed six indicators of relationship solidarity, or connection, between older parents and adult children. Which of the following is NOT one of these?

A) geographical proximity
B) contact between members in a relationship
C) economic similarities
D) emotional closeness

Question 30

Native American elders may serve as cultural conservator grandparents-actively seeking contact and temporary co-residence with their grandchildren in order to .

A) expose them to the American Indian way of life
B) parent them
C) discipline them in the old ways
D) develop greater intimacy with them

Question 31

What percentage of women age 70 and older said that a sexual relationship was important to their quality of life?

A) 17
B) 39
C) 64
D) 80

Question 32

Sociologists Merril Silverstein and Vern L. Bengston developed a typology of five kinds of parent-adult child relations. Which of the following is NOT one of these types?

A) tight-knit
B) economic
C) obligatory
D) sociable

Question 33

In Silverstein and Bengston's typology of intergenerational relationships, which type is not characterized by the provision of or the receiving of assistance, but all other connections apply?

A) sociable
B) tight-knit
C) obligatory
D) intimate but distant

Question 34

Although aging single women may be interested in sex, can be a problem.

A) lack of a partner
B) health concerns
C) sexual attractiveness
D) alertness

Question 35

The text lists several problems that can inhibit sexual desire and activity for both sexes as they age. Which of the following is NOT one of these?

A) stress
B) dissatisfaction with one's partner
C) STDs
D) health related issues

Question 36

Of the styles of grandparenting, which is active with the grandchildren while exercising little control over them?

A) involved
B) companionate
C) remote
D) obligatory

Question 37

In Silverstein and Bengston's typology of intergenerational relationships, which type is characterized by adult children not being engaged with their parents based on any of the six indicators?

A) detached
B) intimate but distant
C) obligatory
D) sociable

Question 38

Three general styles of grandparenting are identified in the text. Which of the following is NOT one of these?

A) obligatory
B) remote
C) companionate
D) involved

Question 39

Silverstein and Bengston concluded that the majority of intergenerational relationships between adult children and parents were neither tight-knit nor distant, but

A) "interactive."
B) "variegated."
C) "wholesome."
D) "homogeneous."

Question 40

According to Silverstein and Bengston's analysis, the most common relationship between a father and his adult child was

A) detached.
B) sociable.
C) tight-knit.
D) intimate but distant.

Question 41

Although caregiving for an aging parent is often given with fondness and love, it can also bring all EXCEPT which of the following?

A) a loss of identity
B) stress
C) conflicting emotions
D) great demands on time, energy, health and finances

Question 42

involves overt acts of aggression against an aging person.

A) Elder neglect
B) Family violence
C) Domestic abuse
D) Elder abuse

Question 43

A table in your text lists several options of community services for eldercare. Which of the following is NOT on the list?

A) adult day care
B) assisted living
C) nursing home
D) grandchild care

Question 44

Providing elder care may enhance one's sense of purpose and overall life satisfaction for several reasons.Which of the following is NOT one of these reasons?

A) the self-validating effects of helping another person
B) enhanced intimacy
C) the belief that helping others may result in assistance with one's own needs when the time arrives
D) an increase in finances

Question 45

The text points out that eldercare may be envisioned as an interactive process during which family members struggle to negotiate various caregiving decisions. Social scientists have noted a through which the process of eldercare proceeds.

A) geriatric progression
B) kin conversion experience
C) kin upgrading experience
D) caregiving trajectory

Question 46

The text points out that caregiver stress and depression among Americans results partly from the fact that ours is a(n) culture.

A) individualistic
B) collectivist
C) sharing
D) demanding

Question 47

Care for an aging parent is provided most often by .

A) sons
B) sons-in law
C) daughters
D) grandchildren

Question 48

The model of elder abuse and neglect views elder abuse as a form of unlawful family violence and focuses on negative personal characteristics of abusers and on a possible criminal justice response.

A) caregiver
B) domestic violence
C) criminal justice
D) social service

Question 49

Judy and Caroline have known each other since high school. They are married now and have children of their own. They frequently take care of each other's aging parents. They often refer to each other as "like sisters." Judy and Caroline's situation illustrates which of the following concepts?

A) acculturation
B) filial obligation
C) kin upgrading
D) fictive kin

Question 50

According to the text, caregiving parent-child relations might best be characterized by .

A) an atmosphere of mutual love and caring
B) pessimism
C) ambivalence
D) optimism

Question 51

Sandra is a late-middle-aged mother of four, with her last daughter still living at home and going to school. Sandra is also providing care to her ailing father, who also lives in her home. Sandra is a member of what the text refers to as the

A) pink-collar ghetto.
B) sandwich generation.
C) dual-caregivers' club.
D) elder/youth care society.

Question 52

In general, the text observes, grandparents are most actively involved with

A) adolescents.
B) teenagers.
C) preschoolers.
D) college-aged youngsters.

Question 53

According to the text, elder abuse in families often, although not always, results from .

A) a lack of intimacy
B) caregiver stress
C) physical limitations
D) emotional limitations

Question 54

Lazar is taking care of his elderly parents. He isn't particularly close to them, but he feels a sense of obligation regarding his caregiving. This situation reflects what the text refers to as

A) filial responsibility.
B) kin conversion.
C) task specificity.
D) kin upgrading.

Question 55

About of unpaid caregivers are male.

A) one-quarter
B) one-third
C) one-half
D) two-thirds

Question 56

The first choice by care receivers for a caregiver is a(n)

A) available spouse.
B) parent.
C) sibling.
D) close friend.

Question 57

involves acts of omission or failure to give adequate care to an aging person.

A) Elder abuse
B) Forgetfulness
C) Elder neglect
D) Domestic abuse

Question 58

Older people who are not biologically related to the "grandchildren" but assume a grandparent-like role are called ______.

A) shadow grandparents
B) custodial grandparents
C) step-grandparents
D) surrogate grandparents

Question 59

The model of elder abuse and neglect views abusive or neglectful caregivers as individuals who are simply overwhelmed by the requirements of caring for their elderly family members.

A) caregiver
B) domestic violence
C) criminal justice
D) social service

Question 60

Joan has assumed the responsibility of caring for her elderly mother and she receives no monetary compensation for the time and work involved. This situation reflects what the text refers to as

A) informal caregiving.
B) managed care.
C) the team approach.
D) task-specific caring.

Question 61

Up to 40 percent of eldercare is provided by the elderly care receiver's spouse.

Question 62

The text discusses , which is defined as "a web of continually shifting linkages that provide the potential for activating and intensifying close kin relationships."

A) the latent kin matrix
B) kin conversion
C) kin upgrading
D) fictive kin

Question 63

Older women are significantly more likely than older men to live with persons other than their spouse.

Question 64

Older women are considerably better off financially than are older men.

Question 65

Grandparents usually have the same kind of relationship with all of their grandchildren.

Question 66

Families on average are today than in the past.

A) the same size
B) smaller
C) slightly larger
D) much larger

Question 67

The age category called the "old-old" refers to people who are 85 and over.

Question 68

According to family sociologist and demographer Andrew Cherlin, the family's " face" provides individuals with intimacy, emotional support, and love.

A) latent
B) fictive
C) private
D) public

Question 69

Research shows that daughters are more likely than sons to have close relationships with their parents, especially with their mothers.

Question 70

Most older married couples place intimacy as central to their lives and describe their unions as happy.

Question 71

Before Social Security and Medicare were initiated, the elderly were disproportionately poor.

Question 72

An important feature of the latent kin matrix is that, although they may remain dormant for long periods, family relations with adult siblings and extended kin emerge as a resource when

A) they have children.
B) the need arises.
C) siblings leave for college.
D) the will is read.

Question 73

Research shows that there is a fairly uniform model for parent-adult child relationships.

Question 74

Widowerhood is significantly more common than widowhood.

Question 75

Very few tax-funded, charity, and for-profit services provide eldercare.

Question 76

Today, children make up a larger proportion of the American population than in past decades.

Question 77

Sociologists and policy analysts Francesca Cancian and Stacey Oliker have proposed three strategies for moving our society toward better eldercare, coupled with greater gender equity in providing eldercare. Which of the following is NOT one of these strategies?

A) provide government funds that support more care outside the family
B) increase social recognition of caregiving
C) make caregiving more economically rewarding
D) build more nursing homes

Question 78

The text points out that among many immigrant ethnic groups, norms of filial obligation are affected by ___________.

A) acculturation
B) ethnocentrism
C) kin conversion
D) kin upgrading

Question 79

According to family sociologist and demographer Andrew Cherlin, the family's " face" relates to the education of children, caring for family members who are ill, and helping the elderly.

A) public
B) backstage
C) private
D) latent

Question 80

As a group, nonHispanic whites in the United States are younger than other racial/ethnic categories.