Deck 8: Women and Religion

Question 1

While ________ was developed by Black Protestants and emphasizes justice for the oppressed,________ was developed by Latinas with the intended goals of women's liberation and the affirmation of God in their communities.

A)Womanist theology; post-colonial theology
B)Womanist theology; Mujerista theology
C)Mujerista theology; liberation theology
D)post-colonial theology; liberation theology

Answer 1

B

Question 2

________ is the world's oldest western religion.Its two most important texts are ________,and it is considered by some to be among the world's most sexist belief systems.

A)Hinduism; the Vedas and the Upanishads
B)Christianity; the Old Testament and the New Testament
C)Islam; the Qur'an and the Hadith
D)Judaism; the Torah and the Talmud

Answer 2

D

Question 3

The fundamentalist strains of Islam are the most oppressive to women.They seek religious states that rule according to the shari'ah law.Muslims with conservative ideas are sometimes called ________,and the process by which states become governed by conservative forms of Islam is called ________.

A)Islamists; Islamization
B)Sunnis; reformation
C)Shiites; reaffirmation
D)Sufis; Easternization

Answer 3

A

Question 4

________ reconsiders the traditions,practices,scriptures,and theologies of religion from a feminist perspective with a commitment to transforming religion for gender equality.

A)Feminist theology
B)Womanist theology
C)Liberation theology
D)Post-colonial theology

Question 5

Which of the following domains is NOT qualified as benevolent sexism?

A)Protective Paternalism
B)Heterosexual Intimacy
C)Egalitarian Hostility
D)Complementary Gender Differentiation

Question 6

It is primarily the progressive and egalitarian strains of the world's religions that promote traditional roles for women and attempt to limit women's rights.

Question 7

________ is the only major polytheistic religion in the world and the only one in which goddess worship is prominent and normal.This religion has no single founder or single prophet,and although ________ serve(s)as the primary source of scripture,there is no single authoritative scripture.

A)Dianic witchcraft; The Feminist Book of Lights and Shadows
B)Goddess spirituality; When God Was a Woman
C)Wicca; The Holy Book of Women's Mysteries
D)Hinduism; the Vedas

Question 8

Which of the following statements about the world's major religions is true?

A)Orthodox Judaism does not allow the ordination of women as rabbis,but they are permitted to lead group prayers when reading from the Torah.
B)In general,Buddhist nuns have fared just as well as Buddhist monks throughout history.
C)Although women are extremely important to the practice of many Hindu rituals,they are still barred from being priests.
D)Women were important leaders in early Islam.

Question 9

Which of the following feminist hermeneutics suggested by feminist biblical scholar Elisabeth Schüssler Fiorenza analyzes religious texts for their oppressive or liberating potential?

A)a hermeneutics of remembrance and historical reconstruction
B)a hermeneutics of suspicion
C)a hermeneutics of proclamation
D)a hermeneutics of domination and social location

Question 10

Although Muslims believe the ________ to be the unadulterated word of God,they also refer to the Hadith,which consists of sayings attributed to Muhammad.Many of these sayings form the basis of ________ law,which includes practices that restrict and punish women for behavior characterized as immodest or immoral.

A)Qur'an; shari'ah
B)"Five Pillars of Islam"; Sunna
C)Sunna; shari'ah
D)Qur'an; Sunna

Question 11

Hermeneutics is the theory and practice of interpretation for the sacred texts of a religion.Three common hermeneutics include ________,________,and ________ interpretations.

A)sexist; metaphorical; benevolent
B)literal; allegorical; historical
C)feminist; scriptural; liberal
D)contextual; unnatural; restricted

Question 12

Which of the following statements about religious fundamentalisms is false?

A)They are committed to the authority of ancient scriptures and believe them to be infallible.
B)Despite holding rigid beliefs about women,they strongly support universal human rights and multiculturalism.
C)They idealize a past when gender spheres were separate.
D)They have an "us versus them" mentality.

Question 13

Identify a characteristic of the Wicca religion.

A)Its basic idea is that spells can be cast to influence others.
B)It is associated with Satanism or devil worship.
C)It involves Goddesses rather than Gods.
D)Its main tenet is harmony with the earth and all life.

Question 14

________ arose out of Judaism and is based on the life,death,and resurrection of ________.The main religious text of this religion is the ________,which many feminists describe as a patriarchal document of a patriarchal society.

A)Islam; the Prophet Muhammad; Qur'an
B)Neo-Judaism; Jesus Christ; Torah
C)Mormonism; Joseph Smith; Book of Mormon
D)Christianity; Jesus Christ; Bible

Question 15

Although the use of masculine God-language is the norm in many religions,it is typically not considered degrading or alienating to speak of God using female pronouns and imagery.

Question 16

________ pacifies women's resistance to gender subordination by masking gender inequality with chivalry,appearing to celebrate women's traditional role,and presenting traditional gender roles as religious imperative.

A)Hostile sexism
B)Ambivalent sexism
C)Benevolent sexism
D)Chivalrous sexism

Question 17

Christianity originated in the Middle East,is the fastest growing religion in the world,and opposes gendered imagery for the Divine.

Question 18

Goddess spirituality is frequently based in the belief that humans lived in peace and harmony with nature during a goddess-worshipping prehistory.

Question 19

Liberation theologies seek to rediscover nonpatriarchal religious traditions and interpretations common before colonization.

Question 20

The sex-segregated nature of religion provides women with a common life,or womanspaces,where power and integrity come from their shared experiences and visions as women.

Question 21

Although this chapter primarily focuses on the world's major religions,it is important to consider the roles that women play in smaller,indigenous belief systems.Identify and describe at least three women-centered religions that were discussed in the textbook.Be sure to explain the various roles that women play in these belief systems.

Question 22

Feminist theologians seek the reform and reconstruction of religion.Although it is far from a comprehensive list,there are four main types of reformation efforts discussed in the textbook.Identify and describe each of them.Also,using a single major religion as a point of reference,present a specific example for each type of reformation effort.

Question 23

There are three main forms of Christianity: Catholic,Protestant,and Orthodox.For each of these forms,describe how women are perceived and discuss their expected roles.Be sure to explain the stained-glass ceiling.What is it,and what is being done to break it?

Question 24

In contrast to Mahayana Buddhism,which stresses that all human experience (both male and female)is the source of enlightenment,Theravada Buddhism is more likely to view women as obstacles to spiritual progress.

Question 25

Dianic witchcraft is a feminist form of spirituality that worships the feminine divine in mostly all-female covens.