Deck 4: Emotions and Moods

Question 1

Which of the following terms best describes an intense feeling directed at someone or something?

A) cognition
B) reasoning
C) mood
D) emotion
E) perception

Answer 1

D

Question 2

Ashley Madison works as a receptionist at a fashion magazine. One morning, her boss walks into the office and yells at her, telling her that the front office is a mess and she needs to clean it immediately. After her boss leaves the room, Madison goes to the front office and violently slams trash into the bin. Which of the following best describes Madison's anger?

A) an emotion
B) a mood
C) a perception
D) an insight
E) a recognition

Answer 2

A

Question 3

________ is a pure marker of high positive affect.

A) Contentment
B) Excitement
C) Relaxation
D) Boredom
E) Fatigue

Answer 3

B

Question 4

________ are cognitive in nature, have an unclear, general cause, and last for several hours or days.

A) Reactions
B) Emotions
C) Moods
D) Feelings
E) Perceptions

Question 5

Which of the following is a characteristic of emotions?

A) Emotions are reactions to a person or event.
B) Emotions lack a contextual stimulus.
C) Emotions last for a longer time period than moods.
D) Emotions are never action-oriented in nature.
E) Emotions involve less intense feelings than moods.

Question 6

________ is a pure marker of low positive affect.

A) Boredom
B) Stress
C) Nervous
D) Relaxation
E) Alert

Question 7

Katherine Connor started her day with a cup of coffee while reading the newspaper. However, something about the day makes her feel low. When she reaches the office, she feels upset and distracted from work, although she cannot pinpoint a reason for feeling this way. She continues to feel upset and distracted through the rest of the day. Which of the following is she most likely to be experiencing?

A) a counteraction
B) a reaction
C) an attitude
D) a mood
E) a response

Question 8

________ refers to feelings that tend to be less intense than emotions and that lack a contextual stimulus.

A) Affect
B) Mood
C) Reaction
D) Cognition
E) Thought

Question 9

Which of the following statements is most likely to be true regarding moods?

A) Moods are more fleeting than emotions.
B) As compared to emotions, moods are more likely to be clearly revealed by facial expressions.
C) Moods are cognitive in nature.
D) Moods last for a very short period of time such as a few seconds.
E) Moods are always brought about by a specific event.

Question 10

Robert Springer woke up in the morning and felt a sense of joy and peace as he got ready for work. At work, though challenges came his way, he tackled them without getting stressed about them. This feeling lasted for several days that week. What is one of the reasons that Springer's feeling can be categorized as a mood and not as an emotion?

A) It is indicated by a facial expression.
B) It is brought about by a specific event.
C) It is prolonged in nature.
D) It is a positive feeling.
E) It is more intense than emotions.

Question 11

Alana Gore works as a campaign manager at a non-profit organization in Manhattan. She was recently asked by her supervisor to give a presentation on the progress of the ongoing climate campaign. However, throughout the presentation, her colleague Kelly Simmons interrupts her by asking irrelevant questions. In addition, she tries to insult her by constantly criticizing key findings and objectives achieved. Though Gore initially tried to be patient, she eventually loses her cool and retorts back asking her to keep her questions and clarifications for the end of the presentation. Which of the following is a reason why Gore's reaction can be categorized as an emotion instead of a mood?

A) It incorporates both positive and negative dimensions of affect.
B) It is less cognitive in nature than moods.
C) It is caused by a specific event.
D) Its cause is general and ambiguous.
E) It is not action-oriented.

Question 12

Which of the following mood dimensions is a pure marker of high negative affect?

A) relaxation
B) boredom
C) fatigue
D) nervousness
E) depression

Question 13

________ is a pure marker of low negative affect.

A) Contentment
B) Serenity
C) Relaxation
D) Nervousness
E) Boredom

Question 14

Which of the following emotions did philosopher René Descartes identify as one of the six emotions which he called simple and primitive passions?

A) wonder
B) confidence
C) persuasion
D) anticipation
E) encouragement

Question 15

Erin Corbett works at a software company, in charge of the help desk. A short while ago, she received a call from a discontent customer about a problem he is facing due to the company's software. Though she tried to help the customer with the software, he refused to listen to her. He continued yelling at her and finally banged the phone down. Corbett feels exasperated after hanging up the phone and goes for a cup of coffee to calm herself down. What makes Corbett's anger an emotion, rather than a mood?

A) The anger has a contextual stimulus.
B) The feeling of being angry is prolonged.
C) The cause of her behavior is unclear.
D) The response is void of action.
E) The response is cognitive in nature.

Question 16

Which of the following is one of the six essentially universal emotions agreed on by a majority of researchers?

A) anger
B) indifference
C) distress
D) shame
E) apathy

Question 17

When Ariana Winter is told that her dog has been killed by a car, she feels deeply saddened. Her feelings are then overcome by a surge of anger at the car driver. However minutes later, she is able to laugh and talk about the good memories spent with her pet. What is one of the reasons that Winter's reaction can be categorized as an emotion?

A) It is cognitive in nature.
B) It is a negative feeling.
C) Its cause is general and ambiguous.
D) It is not action-oriented.
E) It lasted for a brief time period.

Question 18

Which of the following is a generic term that covers a broad range of feelings that people experience?

A) affect
B) cognition
C) insight
D) attention
E) knowledge

Question 19

________ are caused by a specific event, are very brief, and accompanied by distinct facial expressions.

A) Attitudes
B) Perceptions
C) Moods
D) Reactions
E) Emotions

Question 20

Which of the following famous philosophers identified six emotions which he called "simple and primitive passions" and argued that all the others are composed of some of these six or are species of them?

A) David Hume
B) George Berkeley
C) John Locke
D) René Descartes
E) Paul Churchland

Question 21

Ben Ervin often experiences emotions in a much stronger manner than most of his other colleagues. Events that do not provoke any significant emotional response from another person, send him into fits of happiness, anger, or depression. In view of such a situation, Ervin is displaying a high level of ________.

A) butterfly effect
B) intellectual giftedness
C) sentience quotient
D) intelligence quotient
E) affect intensity

Question 22

Jane Hastings recently joined her first job as a communication executive and is working on creating press releases for an upcoming campaign. The campaign is getting launched publicly in the next week and Hastings will need to interact with the media and give sound bytes on the issue. This is the first time she will be interacting with the press and she is experiencing emotions of anxiousness, nervousness, and stress. Which of the following mood dimensions is she experiencing?

A) high negative affect
B) low negative affect
C) neutral affect
D) low positive affect
E) high positive affect

Question 23

Which of the following is an example of an epicurean activity which helps increase a person's positive mood?

A) going on a ski vacation
B) attending a meeting
C) playing video games
D) watching a movie
E) eating a meal with friends

Question 24

The findings of a recent company survey at Rader Industries showed that employees are experiencing high levels of work stress. To offset this, a manager suggests instituting a leave policy whereby employees must go on a mandatory vacation for 7 days in the year.
Under which of the following conditions, if true, would the manager's suggestion most likely be accepted?

A) The company promotes work-life balance, by offering employees flexible working arrangements.
B) The company has a "use it or lose it" policy whereby unused leave lapses at the end of every year.
C) The company halted its hiring plans for the year in order to focus on developing talent in-house.
D) The company recently acquired a new client and work volumes are expected to increase.
E) The company allows employees to encash their unused leave at the end of every year.

Question 25

Which of the following statements is true regarding sources of moods and emotions?

A) Intensity of negative emotions increases with age.
B) Physical and informal activities increase positive mood.
C) Reduced sleep makes a person more alert during waking hours.
D) Weather has a controlling effect on moods.
E) Mounting levels of stress at work create positive emotions.

Question 26

A research group in Arizona recently conducted a survey among workers of a coal power plant to understand emotions and their happiness quotient. Employees at the plant often complained about poor working conditions and low insurance benefits. However, the group was surprised with the finding of the survey because employees had a positive mood 70 percent of the time during work hours. Which of the following concepts would best explain such a finding?

A) positivity offset
B) framing effect
C) anchoring bias
D) butterfly effect
E) distinction bias

Question 27

On which day of the week does the positive effect tend to be highest?

A) Saturdays
B) Wednesdays
C) Tuesdays
D) Mondays
E) Sundays

Question 28

Which of the following is an example of a sedentary activity that does not play a crucial role in increasing positive mood?

A) going on a ski vacation
B) playing video games at home
C) going to a party with friends
D) going for a hike in the mountains
E) eating a meal with family members

Question 29

Jean Ervin works as a fund raising executive at a women rights organization in San Diego. Though she has been with the organization for only a year now, she has already been promoted and often gets excellent feedback from her manager. Her manager says that the key to Ervin's good performance is because she is happy with the work she does and she is excited about the challenges in tasks which she takes up with a lot of enthusiasm. Which of the following mood dimensions is Ervin most likely to be feeling?

A) high negative affect
B) low positive affect
C) low negative affect
D) neutral affect
E) high positive affect

Question 30

________ refers to the tendency of people to associate two events when in reality there is no connection.

A) Illusory correlation
B) Omission bias
C) Affect intensity
D) Focusing effect
E) Distinction bias

Question 31

Which of the following is most likely to be experienced during a positivity offset?

A) stress
B) relaxation
C) depression
D) anxiety
E) nervousness

Question 32

Carlos is upset because his boss gave him work to finish over the weekend. It is Friday. Which of the following is most likely to help Carlos lift his spirits?

A) playing a video game at home
B) attending a training session
C) watching TV with his friends
D) going to a party with his friends
E) attending a meeting

Question 33

________ refers to individual differences in strength with which individuals experience their emotions.

A) Hawthorne effect
B) Positivity offset
C) Intelligence quotient
D) Affect intensity
E) Ambiguity effect

Question 34

Negative affect is a mood dimension consisting of ________ at the low end.

A) nervousness
B) anxiety
C) stress
D) depression
E) relaxation

Question 35

Gerard Yoder believes that every time he picks up his daughter, Penny, from school, it brings him good luck. The last time he picked her up from school, he won a lottery ticket. Today, after he received her from school, he reached his office and found out that he has been promoted. Which of the following concepts best describes Yoder's belief?

A) affect intensity
B) illusory superiority
C) bandwagon effect
D) positive bias
E) illusory correlation

Question 36

________ refers to the tendency of most individuals to experience a mildly positive mood at zero input when nothing in particular is going on.

A) Negativity bias
B) Residual positivity
C) Blunted affect
D) Positivity offset
E) Low positive affect

Question 37

Which of the following is true about emotions?

A) They are less intense than moods.
B) They are critical to rational thinking.
C) They are experienced over several days or months.
D) They are never caused by specific events.
E) They are less fleeting than moods.

Question 38

The findings of a recent company survey at Rader Industries showed that employees are experiencing high levels of work stress. To offset this, a manager suggests instituting a leave policy whereby employees must go on a mandatory vacation for 7 days in the year.
The manager's suggestion is based on which of the following assumptions?

A) Employees are not experiencing a lack of work-life balance.
B) Employees have been misusing the company's leave encashment policy.
C) Employees' workload can be adjusted to accommodate their requests to go on leave.
D) Employees have been working on regular working days of the year.
E) Employees have been able to go on leave whenever they wanted to.

Question 39

Emotions such as relaxation, serenity, and calmness comprise the ________ mood dimension.

A) low positive affect
B) neutral affect
C) high negative affect
D) high positive affect
E) low negative affect

Question 40

Heather Donahue who works as a receptionist at a finance firm in New Jersey has been dissatisfied with her job for several months now. She finds the job uninteresting because of its monotonous nature where all she needs to do is receive calls. During work hours, she often experiences emotions such as tiredness, weariness, and boredom. Which of the following mood dimensions is she most likely to be experiencing?

A) low negative affect
B) neutral affect
C) low positive affect
D) high positive affect
E) high negative affect

Question 41

________ emotions are emotions that people actually experience, despite what they might display.

A) Disseminative
B) Conditional
C) Felt
D) Cognitive
E) Surface

Question 42

Which of the following is an example of surface acting?

A) a colleague making an effort to get along with a difficult team mate
B) an employee expressing her true admiration for her colleague
C) an employee striving to like her job even though it feels uninteresting
D) an employee masking her emotions of distrust toward the management
E) an employee retorting back at an annoying customer

Question 43

Which of the following is an example of deep acting?

A) Sasha ignores a colleague's question because she knows he has a personal grudge against her.
B) Liza smiles at her manager even though last week she was passed off for a promotion.
C) Javier is tired of working long hours and calls in sick on Monday to skip work.
D) Andy conceals her emotions and politely talks to a customer even though he is annoying her.
E) Dave tries to get along with a co-worker because they will soon be working together on a project.

Question 44

Which of the following is true according to the affective events theory?

A) Employees react emotionally to events at work which affects their job performance and satisfaction.
B) Employees scoring high on the personality trait of extraversion tend to be more successful at the workplace.
C) Employees who score high on emotional stability are more likely to react strongly to negative events.
D) Emotions of an employee are independent of his age and gender.
E) Employees who experience emotional dissonance at work can only be motivated with the help of money.

Question 45

________ refers to a model which suggests that workplace events cause emotional reactions on the part of employees, which then influence workplace attitudes and behaviors.

A) Ironic process theory
B) Disengagement theory
C) Implicit personality theory
D) Affective events theory
E) Construal level theory

Question 46

Rachel Hartley was a top graduate management student who now works as a project manager at a retail firm. However, in spite of her strong education background, she often finds it difficult to manage her team efficiently. She is not able to understand her team's emotions when they feel frustrated with a work challenge or when they need appreciation for a job well done. Which of the following does Hartley suffer from?

A) low emotional dissonance
B) low emotional intelligence
C) downing effect
D) low cognitive dissonance
E) depressive realism

Question 47

Surface acting deals only with ________ emotions.

A) strong
B) cognitive
C) negative
D) weak
E) displayed

Question 48

Which of the following statements is true regarding surface acting?

A) It deals with expressing felt emotions toward a person or event.
B) It involves changing one's likes and dislikes to be in sync with display rules.
C) It involves displaying one's true feelings explicitly toward a person.
D) It involves trying to modify our true inner feelings based on display rules.
E) It involves forgoing emotional expressions in response to display rules.

Question 49

Johanna Godfrey works as a guest relations executive at a five star deluxe hotel in Washington. During the course of her job, she needs to greet and smile at guests irrespective of her state of mind. In addition, when any guest faces problems, she needs to be calm and composed and help resolve issues. This shows that Johanna's job requires ________.

A) cognitive dissonance
B) social loafing
C) self-concordance
D) emotional labor
E) positivity offset

Question 50

The practice of modifying one's true inner feelings based on display rules is known as ________.

A) collective efficacy
B) surface acting
C) behavioral contagion
D) social loafing
E) deep acting

Question 51

A situation in which an employee expresses organizationally desired emotions during interpersonal transactions at work is known as ________.

A) cognitive deviance
B) emotional labor
C) self-concordance
D) emotional liability
E) negative affect

Question 52

Sally works as a customer care executive at a telecom office in Ohio. She often needs to interact with a regular customer and she finds him extremely annoying. However, because of the nature of her work, she conceals her emotions well and politely talks to him and clarifies all his questions. Which of the following is being experienced by Sally?

A) emotional dissonance
B) positivity offset
C) positive affect
D) emotional selection
E) illusory correlation

Question 53

Which of the following terms refers to the practice of hiding inner feelings and forgoing emotional expressions in response to display rules?

A) anchoring bias
B) active camouflage
C) bandwagon effect
D) surface acting
E) framing effect

Question 54

The findings of a recent company survey at Rader Industries showed that employees are experiencing high levels of work stress. To offset this, a manager suggests instituting a leave policy whereby employees must go on a mandatory vacation for 7 days in the year.
Under which of the following conditions, if true, would the manager's suggestion least likely be accepted?

A) The company's employees have reported high stress levels for more than three years in a row.
B) The company's leading competitor was recently voted as one of the best places to work due to its focus on employee well-being.
C) The skills required by the company are highly specialized, and hence the company is short-staffed.
D) The company conducts one-day offsite events on an annual basis to allow employees some time to unwind.
E) The employees, though experiencing high levels of stress, also report high levels of job engagement.

Question 55

Which of the following is an example of an uplifting event according to the affective events theory?

A) receiving a gift from a colleague on a birthday
B) meeting a project milestone
C) receiving conflicting directions from different managers
D) colleagues refusing to carry their share of work
E) being passed off for a promotion

Question 56

________ refers to inconsistencies between the emotions people feel and the emotions they project.

A) Emotional dissonance
B) Collective efficacy
C) Self-concordance
D) Social loafing
E) Positivity offset

Question 57

Alejandro is constantly annoying people in the office. He speaks his mind freely without taking into consideration how it will affect others, doesn't try to smile when he's in a bad mood, and can't understand why other people are upset with him. Alejandro's inability to be self-aware indicates that he has a very low ________.

A) negative affect
B) self-esteem
C) job satisfaction
D) emotional intelligence
E) cognitive intelligence

Question 58

Carrie recently received the Employee of the Year award at the call center where she works as a customer service representative. She was chosen for the award because she is known to be highly courteous toward even the most difficult of callers and is efficient at handling their queries. A month after receiving the award, Carrie submits her resignation. According to her exit interview, she felt burnt out. Which of the following best explains this situation?

A) Carrie was demotivated by the lack of recognition and respect from her peers.
B) Carrie felt the strain of having to constantly fake positive emotions towards her customers.
C) Carrie lacked the skills and motivation to perform her job in an effective manner.
D) Carrie was overwhelmed by the award.
E) Carrie was unable to empathize with her callers and the problems that they faced.

Question 59

Which of the following terms refers to a person's ability to detect and to manage emotional cues and information?

A) emotional spectrum
B) self-concordance
C) illusory correlation
D) emotional intelligence
E) cognitive dissonance

Question 60

Which of the following statements is most likely to be true about differences between men and women in relation to emotional reactions?

A) Men display positive emotions more frequently than women.
B) Men experience emotions more intensely than women.
C) Men are more emotionally expressive than women.
D) Women tend to hold onto emotions longer than men.
E) Women express anger more frequently than men.

Question 61

Jonathan Cowan is upset because he was passed over for a promotion he had really worked hard for. In response to his anger toward the manager and the company, he has started gossiping about the manager with his colleagues and assigning blame on him unnecessarily. Jonathan's behavior is an example of ________.

A) positivity offset
B) cognitive dissonance
C) distinction bias
D) emotional dissonance
E) deviant workplace behavior

Question 62

Which of the following is an argument used against emotional intelligence?

A) It cannot be measured easily and measures of EI are diverse.
B) It does not have the capacity to predict criteria that matter.
C) It can be learned by experience.
D) It is not genetically influenced and thus is void of an underlying biological factor.
E) It is not closely related to intelligence and personality.

Question 63

Dawn Wang heads an ad agency in Texas and regularly needs to work with copywriters, artists, and designers to come up with effective branding solutions for products. For one of the company's esteemed clients, Wang and her team need to brainstorm ideas for a slogan for the client's new line of clothing. In such a situation, why is it particularly important for Wang to keep her team happy?

A) People are less likely to use rules of thumb when they are in a good mood.
B) People are more creative and produce more ideas when they are in a good mood.
C) People tend to make decisions quickly when they are in a good mood.
D) People take a long time at processing information when they are in a good mood.
E) People tend to weigh all options to make less likely decisions when in a good mood.

Question 64

Emotions tend to last for several days, for a much longer time period than moods.

Question 65

Wanda Elder works as a human resource executive. Being helpful is inherent in her nature and she regularly interacts with employees helping them understand their needs and ease difficulties. She reads emotional cues of people with ease and knows how to express her emotions without violating organizational norms. Which of the the following is Elder characterized by?

A) high cognitive dissonance
B) high emotional dissonance
C) high emotional intelligence
D) low self-esteem
E) low job satisfaction

Question 66

Tiffany Crowe works as a showroom executive at a clothing boutique in London. Today, she is in a positive mood and instantly greets and smiles at a customer who walks into the store. The customer feels welcomed by her response. While browsing the store, Crowe helps the customer with products and passes on her positive mood to the customer. The customer leaves the store feeling content with a smile on her face. Which of the following best describes this situation?

A) emotional contagion
B) positivity offset
C) cognitive dissonance
D) bandwagon effect
E) framing effect

Question 67

Which of the following statements is true regarding emotional intelligence (EI)?

A) It refers to an aptitude for intellectual activities that cannot be acquired with personal effort.
B) It refers to a person's ability to suppress his or her true emotions and express organizationally accurate emotions.
C) It is based on rationality instead of intuitive appeal to make judgments.
D) It comprises a person's ability to detect other's and one's own feelings.
E) It refers to a score derived from standardized tests to measure intelligence.

Question 68

Emotions can turn into moods when one loses focus on the event or object that started the feeling.

Question 69

For which of the following jobs is it most likely to be important to hire employees with high emotional intelligence?

A) jobs which require the ability to work independently
B) jobs which require good critical thinking skills
C) jobs which require good writing skills
D) jobs which require customer service skills
E) jobs which need strong technical skills

Question 70

Whether a candidate has high emotional intelligence would be a significant factor when considering a candidate for the job of a(n) ________.

A) copy-editor who checks spelling and grammatical errors in manuscripts
B) engineer working on developing a software program
C) technical writer who needs to create a 1000 word article everyday
D) event planner who needs to coordinate with several people
E) web researcher who needs to consolidate online travel information

Question 71

Amber and Emma were recently hired by a marketing agency. Though there is a lot of work that has been allotted to both of them, Amber is always in a good mood. Emma, on the other hand, appears to be depressed with her job. In such a situation, as compared to Emma, Amber is more likely to ________.

A) weigh all possible options rather than the most likely ones
B) take an extended time at processing information
C) find better solutions to problems
D) have poor problem-solving skills
E) make poorer decisions

Question 72

Green Earth, an environmental organization in Oklahoma, recently recruited Phyllis Galvan as a project coordinator. Galvan's manager has noticed that ever since she has joined, she has been extremely positive about her work and takes up challenges without complaining. In addition, she maintains a positive ambience by helping out colleagues and smiling at everyone she interacts with. Her behavior has had a positive effect on her colleagues who have started behaving in a similar manner now. Which of the following concepts is demonstrated in this example?

A) anchoring effect
B) unit bias
C) emotional dissonance
D) emotional contagion
E) Ben Franklin effect

Question 73

People often behave in ways that violate established norms and threaten the organization, its members, or both. Such actions are called ________.

A) behavioral modernity
B) workplace deviant behaviors
C) social alienation behaviors
D) behavioral contagion
E) role engulfment

Question 74

Moods tend to be more action oriented in nature than emotions.

Question 75

Which of the following statements is true regarding negotiation?

A) Displaying a negative emotion at a negotiation can never be effective.
B) Feeling bad about your performance during a negotiation tends to impair future negotiations.
C) Individuals who do poorly in a negotiation develop positive perceptions of their counterpart.
D) Angry negotiators who have less power than opponents have better outcomes.
E) Individuals who do poorly in a negotiation are more willing to be cooperative in future negotiations.

Question 76

Which of the following statements is true regarding the effects of moods and emotions on decision making?

A) People in good moods are less likely than others to use heuristics to make decisions.
B) Moods and emotions have no direct influence on decision making.
C) Positive emotions tend to diminish problem-solving skills and analytical skills.
D) Depressed people tend to weigh all possible options rather than the most likely ones.
E) People with positive emotions are slower at processing information as compared to depressed people.

Question 77

Moods are more intense than emotions and invariably arise because of a specific event acting as a stimulus.

Question 78

As part of their sales training, the staff at Penny Stores is encouraged to build personal relationships with the store's patrons. Apart from receiving product training, the staff is taught to follow a scripted sales process wherein they must greet the customers, introduce themselves, and enquire about their purchase. They are also encouraged to engage in casual conversation with the customer. In a recent survey conducted by the marketing department, it was revealed that customers were dissatisfied with the level of service at Penny Stores. Which of the following, if true, best explains this situation?

A) Customers come to Penny Stores to make high-involvement purchases.
B) The training period for the staff is three weeks long.
C) Penny Stores offers an extensive range of consumer products.
D) Customers associate superior service with efficiency and not friendliness.
E) The staff at Penny Stores is friendly but not familiar.

Question 79

Which of the following is an example of deviant workplace behavior?

A) requesting a two-day leave during Christmas
B) sabotaging one's organization's computers
C) putting forward one's views in a brainstorming session
D) taking blame for not achieving a deadline
E) working during the weekend to make up for backlog

Question 80

Moods are usually accompanied by distinct facial expressions.