Question 1

According to a study by Lundberg and Frankenhaeuser (1999)related to work and family,women had higher ______ than men did,both during and after work.&#10;A) cortisol&#10;B) ACTH&#10;C) norepinephrine&#10;D) CRH

Accepted Answer

norepinephrine

Question 2

The hormone cortisol sends a message to the hypothalamus and the pituitary gland to suppress the release of:&#10;A) corticotrophin releasing hormone (CRH).&#10;B) adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH).&#10;C) epinephrine and norepinephrine.&#10;D) CRH and ACTH.

Accepted Answer

Cortisol suppresses the release of both corticotrophin releasing hormone (CRH) and adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH), so the best choice is D. Cortisol does not directly affect the release of epinephrine and norepinephrine, which are secreted by the adrenal medulla in response to sympathetic nervous system stimulation.

Question 3

Daren hears a siren and looks in his rearview mirror to see a law enforcement vehicle with its lights on.When Daren says to himself,&#34;Is the officer after me?&#34; he is engaging in a:&#10;A) cognitive reappraisal.&#10;B) primary appraisal.&#10;C) secondary appraisal.&#10;D) cognitive distortion.

Accepted Answer

Daren is making a primary appraisal, which is an initial evaluation of whether a situation is relevant to one's well-being or goals. In this case, he is assessing whether the law enforcement vehicle is relevant to his well-being by questioning whether the officer is after him.

Question 4

Physiologically,the tend-and-befriend pattern appears to involve the blunting action of the hormone:&#10;A) leptin.&#10;B) adrenalin.&#10;C) oxytocin.&#10;D) norepinephrine.

Accepted Answer

The tend-and-befriend pattern is a stress response observed in women that involves seeking social support and nurturing behavior towards offspring. Physiologically, this response appears to involve the release of the hormone oxytocin, which has been shown to reduce stress responses and promote social interactions. Therefore, option C, oxytocin, is the correct choice.

Question 5

A key factor in a person's appraisal of noise is the:&#10;A) decibel level.&#10;B) length of time the noise is experienced.&#10;C) type of the noise (i.e. ,traffic vs.music).&#10;D) ability to control the noise level.

Accepted Answer

The ability to control the noise level is a key factor in how a person appraises noise, as having control over the noise can significantly reduce its perceived annoyance and stress.

Question 6

An event or situation that triggers coping adjustments in a person is referred to as a(n):&#10;A) stress.&#10;B) strain.&#10;C) stressor.&#10;D) adjustment stimulus.

Accepted Answer

A stressor is an event or situation that triggers adjustments in a person's coping abilities. Stress refers to the physical and mental responses to stressors, while strain refers to the negative outcomes that can result from stress. "Adjustment stimulus" is not a commonly used term in psychology.

Question 7

Prolonged stress may lead to damage or atrophy in the __________ area of the brain that,in turn,may lead to memory loss.&#10;A) hypothalamus&#10;B) limbic&#10;C) cerebral cortex&#10;D) hippocampal

Accepted Answer

The hippocampus is a part of the limbic system that is responsible for creating and storing memories. Prolonged stress can lead to damage or atrophy in this area of the brain, which can result in memory loss.

Question 8

According to Hans Selye,the most important aspect of a stressor is its impact on:&#10;A) mental health.&#10;B) cognitive processes.&#10;C) one's affective state.&#10;D) the body.

Accepted Answer

According to Hans Selye, a stressor primarily affects the body's physiological processes. Selye's General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS) theory suggests that stressors lead to a sequence of physiological responses in the body, including alarm, resistance, and exhaustion. Therefore, the most important aspect of a stressor is its impact on the body. Choices A, B, and C are less important in determining the impact of a stressor, as they are more related to the psychological or emotional response to stress.

Question 9

According to the direct effect hypothesis,stress may directly affect immune system efficiency through which of the following mechanisms?&#10;A) sleep deprivation&#10;B) reduced blood flow to wound sites&#10;C) maladaptive health behaviors&#10;D) the binding of stress hormones to T cell,B cells,and lymphocytes

Accepted Answer

The direct effect hypothesis suggests that stress hormones like cortisol can bind to immune cells like T cells, B cells, and lymphocytes, leading to a reduction in their efficiency and ultimately compromising overall immune system function. Therefore, choice D is the best option. Choices A, B, and C may also be influenced by stress but are not direct mechanisms by which stress affects the immune system.

Question 10

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)has been linked to:&#10;A) an overactive fight-or-flight reaction.&#10;B) an overly sensitive limbic system.&#10;C) an overly sensitive cardiovascular system.&#10;D) generalized anxiety disorder.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)has been linked to:&#10;A)...

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT an accurate statement according to Lazarus's transactional model of stress?&#10;A) Some situations or events are inherently stressful or unstressful.&#10;B) Cognitive appraisals are susceptible to changes in mood,health,and motivation.&#10;C) Situations and events are NOT inherently stressful or unstressful.&#10;D) The body's stress response is similar whether the stress is actually experienced or merely imagined.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is NOT an...

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT in the top five most frequent hassles as reported by Lazarus and colleagues?&#10;A) home maintenance&#10;B) crime&#10;C) concern about weight&#10;D) rising prices of common goods

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is NOT in...

Question 13

According to Thomas Holmes and Richard Rahe,the number of life change units (LCUs)a person accumulated during the previous year could predict likelihood of _________ over the next several months.&#10;A) developing depression&#10;B) getting a divorce&#10;C) becoming physically ill&#10;D) having a mental breakdown

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to Thomas Holmes and Richard Rahe,the...

Question 14

The ____________ model of stress challenges the belief that the mind and body are independent systems that have no influence on one another.&#10;A) general adaptation syndrome&#10;B) transactional&#10;C) diathesis-stress&#10;D) psychoneuroimmunology

Accepted Answer

The answer of The ____________ model of stress challenges the...

Question 15

The region of the brain that most directly controls the stress response is the:&#10;A) hippocampus.&#10;B) temporal lobe.&#10;C) amygdala.&#10;D) hypothalamus.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The region of the brain that most...

Deck 4: A: Stress