Question 1

A key factor in the first wave of AIDS was:&#10;A) chimpanzees being shipped into the United States for research purposes.&#10;B) the virus being brought in through infected rodents.&#10;C) an infected Canadian flight attendant who had multiple sex partners.&#10;D) a doctor who became infected when treating an animal handler who had AIDS.

Accepted Answer

The first wave of AIDS was largely driven by the spread of the virus through sexual contact. In particular, an infected Canadian flight attendant who had multiple sex partners played a significant role in spreading the virus to different parts of the world. Chimpanzees, infected rodents, and animal handlers were not major factors in the initial spread of AIDS.

Question 2

The fact that younger,less knowledgeable individuals tend to benefit more from educational interventions about how AIDS is transmitted,while older individuals benefit more from interventions that stir them into preventive action,most directly supports:

A) the health belief model.
B) the theory of planned behavior.
C) stage theories of behavior change.
D) cognitive-behavior theory.

Accepted Answer

The fact that different age groups respond differently to different types of educational interventions suggests that behavior change may occur in stages or phases, as proposed by stage theories of behavior change. The younger, less knowledgeable individuals may be in an earlier stage, where they need to first gain knowledge and awareness before they are able to take preventive action, whereas older individuals may already have the knowledge but need a push towards action. Therefore, the statement most directly supports stage theories of behavior change, rather than the health belief model, theory of planned behavior, or cognitive-behavior theory.

Question 3

__________ has served as the framework for a number of psychosocial HIV/AIDS interventions.&#10;A) Classical learning theory&#10;B) Operant learning theory&#10;C) Social-cognitive theory&#10;D) Cognitive-behavioral theory

Accepted Answer

Social-cognitive theory has been widely used as a framework for psychosocial interventions in HIV/AIDS, focusing on how personal, behavioral, and environmental factors interact to influence health behaviors.

Question 4

In the United States,the largest rate of growth in new cases of AIDS among women is occurring in:&#10;A) elderly women.&#10;B) impoverished women.&#10;C) women of color.&#10;D) white women.

Accepted Answer

According to statistics from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), women of color (specifically black and Latina women) have the highest rate of new AIDS cases in the United States. This is likely due to a variety of factors, including disparities in access to healthcare and education, as well as cultural and societal factors. Impoverished women may also be at increased risk, but this is not the largest rate of growth among women. Elderly and white women have lower rates of new AIDS cases.

Question 5

The San Francisco Model is an HIV-prevention intervention that:&#10;A) is communitywide,and involves schools,churches,and other organizations.&#10;B) targets low SES-individuals.&#10;C) teaches specific skills to reduce negative emotionality.&#10;D) focuses on fear-framed health messages.

Accepted Answer

The San Francisco Model is a communitywide intervention that involves schools, churches, and other organizations to prevent HIV. It is not specific to low SES-individuals or teaching specific skills to reduce negative emotionality. It also does not rely on fear-framed health messages.

Question 6

AIDS is:&#10;A) a variety of genital herpes.&#10;B) a sexually transmitted infections.&#10;C) caused by bacteria.&#10;D) a self-limiting,bacterial infection.

Accepted Answer

AIDS (Acquired immune deficiency syndrome) is a sexually transmitted infection caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).

Question 7

HIV injects a copy of its ________ into the DNA of the host cell.&#10;A) virus&#10;B) genome&#10;C) cell body&#10;D) mutagen

Accepted Answer

HIV injects its genome (genetic material) into the DNA of the host cell, which allows the virus to replicate and produce more HIV particles. This integration of the viral genome into the host cell's DNA is a key step in the HIV life cycle.

Question 8

HIV-positive men who participated in a 10-week cognitive behavior stress management (CBSM)intervention had higher levels of __________ and lower levels of __________ than before the intervention.&#10;A) norepinephrine;testosterone&#10;B) testosterone;serotonin&#10;C) testosterone;norepinephrine&#10;D) norephinephrine;cortisol

Accepted Answer

The question refers to the effects of the CBSM intervention on HIV-positive men, and asks which hormones increased and decreased as a result. The correct answer is C, as the intervention led to higher levels of testosterone and lower levels of norepinephrine. This suggests that the CBSM intervention had a positive impact on the participants' stress levels and overall well-being. The other options are incorrect, as there is no evidence that the intervention had any effect on serotonin or cortisol levels.

Question 9

The HIV virus can enter the body through:&#10;A) homosexual intercourse only.&#10;B) any type of sexual intercourse only.&#10;C) blood or semen only.&#10;D) blood,semen,vaginal and cervical secretions,and breast milk.

Accepted Answer

The HIV virus can enter the body through blood, semen, vaginal and cervical secretions, and breast milk. It is not limited to only one specific type of sexual intercourse or sexual orientation.

Question 10

Until recently,medical interventions for HIV/AIDS focused on:&#10;A) eliminating the HIV virus.&#10;B) controlling the spread of the virus.&#10;C) treating the opportunistic diseases that resulted from immune failure.&#10;D) reducing high-risk sexual behaviors.

Accepted Answer

Medical interventions for HIV/AIDS have typically focused on treating the opportunistic infections and diseases that result from immune failure as there is currently no cure for HIV. Antiretroviral therapy can help control the spread of the virus and improve the immune system, but it does not eliminate the virus completely. Reducing high-risk sexual behaviors is important for preventing the spread of HIV, but it is not a medical intervention.

Question 11

College students who have _______________ are more likely to avoid high-risk sexual behaviors than other students.&#10;A) external locus of control&#10;B) strong feelings of self-efficacy&#10;C) a relative with AIDS&#10;D) a relatively high IQ

Accepted Answer

The answer of College students who have _______________ are more...

Question 12

__________ is/are one of the most commonly used drugs in the HAART regimen.&#10;A) Interleukin-2&#10;B) Protein inhibitors&#10;C) Zidovudine (AZT)&#10;D) The AIDS vaccine

Accepted Answer

The answer of __________ is/are one of the most commonly...

Question 13

AIDS patients who rely on _______________ to solve their problems tend to fare better in battling their disease.&#10;A) defensive coping strategies&#10;B) emotion-focused coping strategies&#10;C) active coping strategies&#10;D) an optimistic bias

Accepted Answer

The answer of AIDS patients who rely on _______________ to...

Question 14

HIV destroys a type of lymphocyte called the:&#10;A) B cell.&#10;B) natural Killer (NK)cell.&#10;C) T cell.&#10;D) astrocyte.

Accepted Answer

The answer of HIV destroys a type of lymphocyte called...

Question 15

What is the correct statement about heredity and AIDS?&#10;A) Inheritance of two protective genes,one from each parent,can protect a person from developing the protein receptor to which HIV particles bind.&#10;B) Inheritance of one protective gene from one parent may slow the progression of HIV-related symptoms.&#10;C) Both answers are correct statements.&#10;D) Neither answer is a correct statement.

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the correct statement about heredity...

Deck 12: A: Hiv/Aids and Other Communicable Diseases