Deck 10: Managing Change and Innovation

Question 1

The innovation strategy for changing products and technologies that involves designing the organization to encourage creativity and the initiation of new ideas is known as cooperation.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

Originality, authoritarianism, and disciplined exploration are among the characteristics of the creative individuals.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

Organizational change refers to the adoption of a new idea or behavior by an organization.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Creativity is the generation of novel ideas that may meet perceived needs or respond to opportunities for the organization.

Question 5

The innovation strategy for changing products and technologies that involves managers putting in place processes and structures to ensure that new ideas are carried forward for acceptance and implementation is known as entrepreneurship.

Question 6

The innovation strategy for changing products and technologies that involves creating conditions and systems to facilitate internal and external coordination and knowledge sharing is known as cooperation.

Question 7

Some observers of business trends suggest that the knowledge economy of the late 1900s and early 2000s is rapidly being transformed into the change economy.

Question 8

One value of the idea incubator is that an employee with a good idea has somewhere to go with it, rather than having to shop the idea all over the company and hope someone pays attention.

Question 9

Technology change involves the hierarchy of authority, goals, administrative procedures, and managerial systems.

Question 10

The innovation strategy for changing products and technologies that involves designing the organization to encourage creativity and the initiation of new ideas is known as exploration.

Question 11

A technological change is related to the organization's production process.

Question 12

Some observers of business trends suggest that the knowledge economy of the late 1900s and early 2000s is rapidly being transformed into the creativity economy.

Question 13

An approach to innovation that emphasizes shared development of innovations among several departments is referred to as the horizontal linkage model.

Question 14

A product change is a change in the organization's product or service outputs.

Question 15

Failed innovation requires expertise from several departments simultaneously.

Question 16

An idea incubator is in-house program that provides a safe harbor where ideas from employees throughout the organization can be developed without interference from company bureaucracy or politics.

Question 17

The innovation strategy for changing products and technologies that involves creating conditions and systems to facilitate internal and external coordination and knowledge sharing is known as exploration

Question 18

Traditional organizations have an internal culture of playfulness, freedom, challenge, and grass-roots participation.

Question 19

Centralization and short time horizon are primarily used by creative organizations.

Question 20

The acceptance of mistakes, the freedom to discuss ideas, and the assignment of nonspecialists to problems are characteristics of creative organizations or departments.

Question 21

Idea champions feel very passionate and committed to a new product or idea despite rejection to others.

Question 22

Two of the most popular and effective OD activities are small-group disbanding and large-group interventions.

Question 23

Culture change refers to a change in the attitudes and behaviors of a few employees in the organization.

Question 24

Mergers/acquisitions, organizational decline, and conflict management are the three types of current problems that organizational development managers face.

Question 25

Skunkworks are a separate small, informal, highly autonomous, and often secretive group that focuses on breakthrough ideas for the business.

Question 26

A person who sees the need for and champions productive change within the organization is called an idea champion.

Question 27

The traditional organization development model focuses on the entire system and learning takes place throughout the whole organization.

Question 28

A new-venture fund provides resources from which individuals and groups can draw to develop new ideas, products, or businesses.

Question 29

Organizational development involves the application of behavioral science techniques to improve an organization's effectiveness and success.

Question 30

A unit that is separate from the mainstream of the organization and is responsible for developing and initiating innovations is called a new-venture team.

Question 31

An open team is a multifunctional, and sometimes multinational, team that works under stringent timelines and is provided with high levels of resources and empowerment to accomplish an accelerated product development project.

Question 32

The idea in the large group intervention is to get a sample of people who may have an interest in the organization, gather perspectives from the selected parts of the system, and allow the sample to create a collective future.

Question 33

Three of the most popular and effective OD activities are team building, survey feedback, and large-group interventions.

Question 34

Training is one of the most frequently used approaches to changing people's mindsets.

Question 35

The person, who, in a creativity contest, is able to develop the greatest number of new and novel concepts, is called an idea champion.

Question 36

People change refers to a change in the attitudes and behaviors of a few employees in the organization.

Question 37

Culture change refers to a major shift in the norms, values, attitudes, and mindset of the entire organization.

Question 38

A fast-cycle team is a multifunctional, and sometimes multinational, team that works under stringent timelines and is provided with high levels of resources and empowerment to accomplish an accelerated product development project.

Question 39

Skunklabor is a separate small, informal, highly autonomous, and often selective group that focuses on breakthrough ideas for the business.

Question 40

Open innovation means extending the search for and commercializing new ideas beyond the boundaries of the organization and the industry.

Question 41

The adoption of a new idea or behavior by an organization is known as organizational

A) change.
B) development.
C) structure.
D) intervention.
E) responsibility.

Question 42

The communication and education approach for overcoming resistance to change should be used when the change is technical and the users need accurate information and analysis to understand change.

Question 43

After the need for change has been perceived, the next part of the change process is implementing change.

Question 44

The lack of information about past events refers to uncertainty.

Question 45

An example of organizational change is

A) the switch to a new production method.
B) the decision to offer a new product line.
C) the introductions of a new pay for performance system.
D) all of these
E) the switch to a new production method or the decision to offer a new product line.

Question 46

A change agent is an OD specialist who contracts with an organization to facilitate change.

Question 47

In the unfreezing step, participants must be made aware of problems and be willing to change.

Question 48

The generation of novel ideas that may meet perceived needs or respond to opportunities for the organization is called

A) a search initiative.
B) creativity.
C) an ideal champion.
D) a great idea.
E) strategic analysis.

Question 49

Two possible tactics for overcoming resistance to change are coercion and negotiation.

Question 50

When a change involves multiple departments, top management support is especially important.

Question 51

Successful change requires that organizations be capable of both creating and implementing ideas, which means the organization must learn to be

A) cordial.
B) rightsized.
C) ambidextrous.
D) compliant.
E) intra-focused.

Question 52

The three distinct steps for achieving behavioral and attitudinal change with organizational development are planning, changing and stabilizing.

Question 53

Large cost savings from reduced inventories and labor savings by needing fewer workers to handle inventory can be driving forces associated with the implementation of just-in-time inventory control systems.

Question 54

Reasons employees resist change include self-interest, lack of understanding and trust, uncertainty, and different assessments and goals.

Question 55

Change, according to Kurt Lewin, was a result of the competition between forced and unforced fields.

Question 56

The disparity between existing and desired performance levels is the performance gap.

Question 57

When users have power to resist, coercion tactic should be used for overcoming resistance to change.

Question 58

Forces for organizational change exist both in the external environment and within the organization.

Question 59

Refreezing is the reinforcement stage of organization development in which individuals acquire a desired new skill or attitude and are rewarded for it by the organization.

Question 60

A performance gap is a disparity between the performance of the company when compared with a competitor.

Question 61

Innovation requires the coordination that occurs with the ____.

A) top-down approach
B) bottom-up approach
C) horizontal linkage model
D) time-based approach
E) vertical approach

Question 62

Shared development of innovations among several departments is emphasized by the ____ approach to innovation

A) vertical
B) horizontal linkage model
C) top down
D) bottom-up
E) diagonal

Question 63

____ refers to an organization's product or service output.

A) Competitive
B) Coercive
C) Technological
D) Cultural
E) New product

Question 64

Creative organizations

A) are characterized by an unusually high number of routine jobs.
B) are loosely structured.
C) have little ambiguity.
D) have too many layers of management.
E) use a centralized decision making approach.

Question 65

All of the following are characteristics of creative organizations EXCEPT

A) use of teams.
B) risk taking norms.
C) centralization.
D) long term horizon.
E) loose controls.

Question 66

The innovation strategy for changing products and technologies that involves designing the organization to encourage creativity and the initiation of new ideas is known as

A) exploration
B) cooperation
C) entrepreneurship
D) idea incubator
E) horizontal linkage

Question 67

A(n) ____ team is a multifunctional, and sometimes multinational, team that works under stringent timelines and is provided with high levels of resources and empowerment to accomplish an accelerated product development project.

A) fast-cycle
B) sponsor
C) new-venture
D) skunkwork
E) invested

Question 68

The innovation strategy for changing products and technologies that involves creating conditions and systems to facilitate internal and external coordination and knowledge sharing is known as

A) exploration
B) cooperation
C) entrepreneurship
D) idea incubator
E) horizontal linkage

Question 69

____ change is a change in the organization's product or service outputs.

A) Technology
B) Product
C) Entrepreneurship
D) Creative
E) Incremental

Question 70

According to BusinessWeek, in 2008, ____ was ranked as the World's Most Innovative Company.

A) Apple
B) Nintendo
C) Nokia
D) Sony
E) Procter & Gamble

Question 71

Jackie, a new employee of yours, strikes you as curious, open-minded, and receptive to new ideas. Keep your eye on Jackie, for she may very well be

A) an outstanding performer.
B) an individual with a high need for achievement.
C) a satisfied employee.
D) a creative individual.
E) none of these.

Question 72

All of the following are characteristics of creative individuals EXCEPT

A) originality
B) playfulness
C) curiosity
D) rationality
E) open-mindedness

Question 73

A ____ change is related to the organization production process.

A) new product
B) technological
C) structural
D) culture/people
E) competitive

Question 74

Which of the following provides a safe harbor where ideas from employees throughout the company can be developed without interference from company bureaucracy or politics?

A) An idea champion
B) A sponsor
C) A new-venture team
D) An idea incubator
E) An inventor

Question 75

The innovation strategy for changing products and technologies that involves managers putting in place processes and structures to ensure that new ideas are carried forward for acceptance and implementation is known as

A) exploration
B) cooperation
C) entrepreneurship
D) idea incubator
E) horizontal linkage

Question 76

All of the following are critical innovation strategies for changing products and technologies EXCEPT

A) exploration
B) cooperation
C) entrepreneurship
D) idea incubator
E) all of these are critical innovation strategies

Question 77

Which of the following is a change in the organization's production process -- how the organization does its work.?

A) Technology
B) Product
C) Entrepreneurship
D) Creativity
E) Incremental

Question 78

According to BusinessWeek and Boston Consulting Group, 72% of top executives reported that ____ is a top priority.

A) planning
B) competition
C) organization
D) cooperation
E) innovation

Question 79

Which of the following refers to the generation of novel solutions to perceived problems?

A) Problem solving
B) Organizational development
C) Creativity
D) Brainstorming
E) Perceived solution

Question 80

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a creative individual?

A) Conceptual theory
B) Undisciplined exploration
C) Persistence and focused approach
D) Authorization and dependent
E) all of these are characteristic of a creative individual