Deck 2: Mitosis and Meiosis

Question 1

A typical G1 nucleus is 2n and contains 2C two complements)of DNA.Which of the following is true?

A)A cell in prophase is 2n and contains 4C of DNA.
B)A cell in G2 is 4n and contains 2C of DNA.
C)A cell in prophase is 2n and contains 2n of DNA.
D)A cell in metaphase is 2n and contains 2C of DNA.
E)A prophase cell is 4n and contains 4C of DNA.

Answer 1

A

Question 2

The house fly,Musca domestica,has a haploid chromosome number of 6.How many chromatids should be present in a diploid,somatic,metaphase cell?

A)24
B)3
C)6
D)12
E)18

Answer 2

A

Question 3

The diploid chromosome number of an organism is usually represented as 2n.Humans have a diploid chromosome number of 46.What would be the expected haploid chromosome number in a human?

A)92
B)16
C)23
D)12
E)24

Answer 3

C

Question 4

In which stage of the cell cycle is G0 located?

A)G1
B)S
C)M
D)anaphase
E)G2

Question 5

How many haploid sets of chromosomes are present in a diploid individual cell with a chromosome number of 32?

A)16
B)32
C)2
D)8
E)1

Question 6

The centromere of a chromosome separates during __________ .

A)telophase
B)prophase
C)interphase
D)anaphase
E)prometaphase

Question 7

What significant genetic function occurs in the S phase of the cell cycle?

A)DNA synthesis
B)karyokinesis
C)centromere division
D)cytokinesis
E)chromosome condensation

Question 8

Which chromosome has a telomere but the p arm is much shorter than the q arm?

A)submetacentric
B)telocentric
C)metacentric
D)acrocentric
E)sex chromosome

Question 9

Which part of interphase does DNA duplication take place?

A)G0
B)M
C)G2
D)S
E)G1

Question 10

Living organisms are categorized into two major groups based on the presence or absence of a nucleus.What group is defined by the presence of a nucleus?

A)prokaryotic organism
B)mitochondrial organism
C)virus
D)eukaryotic organism
E)bacterium

Question 11

The nucleolus organizer region NOR)is responsible for production of what type of cell structure?

A)endoplasmic reticulum
B)nucleolus
C)mitochondria
D)chromatids
E)ribosome

Question 12

You have identified a mutant in human cells that when shifted to 37°C,the microfilaments depolymerize fall apart).Which of the following would be true about this mutant at 37°C?

A)The mitochondria would no longer work.
B)The endoplasmic reticulum could still import polypeptides but could no longer synthesize lipids.
C)The cells would change shape.
D)The cells would no longer be able to produce ATP.
E)The sister chromatids would no longer be attached to each other.

Question 13

Name two cellular organelles,each containing genetic material,which are involved in either photosynthesis or respiration.

A)chloroplast and endoplasmic reticulum
B)rough and smooth endoplasmic reticula
C)lysosome and chloroplast
D)chloroplasts and mitochondria
E)peroxisomes and mitochondria

Question 14

Which of the follow could occur if a cell cycle checkpoint was missed?

A)The cell cycle would be arrested until the error could be corrected.
B)An unreplicated chromosome could be put through mitosis.
C)The spindle apparatus would not form.
D)Cohesin could not function correctly.
E)DNA would mutate during G2.

Question 15

What is the name of the membranous structure that compartmentalizes the cytoplasm of eukaryotic organisms?

A)mitochondria
B)ribosome
C)nucleoid
D)endoplasmic reticulum
E)cytosol

Question 16

Which of the following is true about sex- determining chromosomes?

A)They have the same gene configuration and same loci.
B)They act like homologous chromosomes during meiosis so each gamete will get one sex chromosome.
C)They are always metacentric.
D)They are independent during meiosis.
E)They do not participate in meiosis.

Question 17

During interphase of the cell cycle,__________.

A)the nuclear membrane disappears
B)DNA content essentially doubles
C)sister chromatids move to opposite poles
D)DNA recombines
E)RNA replicates

Question 18

How many haploid sets of chromosomes are present in an individual cell that is pentaploid 5n ?

A)5
B)3
C)4
D)2
E)It is impossible to tell with the information given.

Question 19

You may have heard through various media of an animal alleged to be the hybrid of a rabbit and a cat.Given that the cat Felis domesticus)has a diploid chromosome number of 38 and a rabbit Oryctolagus cuniculus)has a diploid chromosome number of 44,what would be the expected chromosome number in the somatic tissues of this alleged hybrid?

A)40
B)38
C)41
D)82
E)44

Question 20

When cells withdraw from the continuous cell cycle and enter a "quiescent" phase,they are said to be in what stage?

A)G1
B)G2
C)M
D)S
E)G0

Question 21

Which if the following is not a source of genetic variation in meiosis?

A)polar body formation
B)crossing over
C)tetrad formation
D)law of independent assortment
E)the random lining up of chromosomes on the metaphase plate

Question 22

Normal diploid somatic body cells of the mosquito Culex pipiens contain six chromosomes.Assuming that all nuclear DNA is restricted to chromosomes and that the amount of nuclear DNA essentially doubles during the S phase of interphase,how much nuclear DNA would be present in metaphase I of mitosis? Note: Assume that the G1 nucleus of a mosquito cell contains 3.0 × 10^{- 12} grams of DNA.

A)12 × 10^-12 g
B)1.5 × 10^-12 g
C)0.75 × 10^-12 g
D)3.0 × 10^-12 g
E)6.0 × 10^-12 g

Question 23

Which of the following is true about the second meiotic division?

A)Nondisjunction would lead to extra bivalents forming.
B)The products are four identical gametes.
C)Sister chromatids are pulling apart.
D)Homologous chromosomes are pulling apart.
E)Synapsis occurring in the second meiotic division.

Question 24

Which if the following is true?

A)Cells are 4n after S phase.
B)Cells are considered to be 2n after meiosis I.
C)A chromosome may contain one or two chromatids in different phases of the mitotic or meiotic cell cycle.
D)Sister chromatids in mitosis are not identical.
E)A chromosome always contains the same number of chromatids,regardless of phase of the mitotic or meiotic cell cycle.

Question 25

If a typical G1 nucleus contains 2C two complements of DNA,a gamete that is haploid n contains _______of DNA.

A)2C
B)0.5C
C)4C
D)1C
E)3C

Question 26

The meiotic cell cycle involves_______ number of cell divisions and _______ number of DNA replications .

A)two; zero
B)two; two
C)two; one
D)one; one
E)one; two

Question 27

After meiosis II,________would be formed.

A)dyads
B)synapsis
C)chiasma
D)tetrads
E)monads

Question 28

Which of the following are the areas where chromatids intertwine during meiosis?

A)nondisjunction
B)tetrad
C)bivalent
D)synapsis
E)chiasma

Question 29

In an organism with 60 chromosomes,how many bivalents would be expected to form during meiosis?

A)30
B)15
C)60
D)120
E)240

Question 30

The ant,Myrmecia pilosula,is found in Australia and is named bulldog because of its aggressive behavior.It is particularly interesting because it carries all its genetic information in a single pair of chromosomes.In other words,2n = 2.Males are haploid and have just one chromosome.)Which of the following figures would most likely represent a correct configuration of chromosomes in a metaphase I cell of a female?

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Question 31

The horse Equus caballus)has 32 pairs of chromosomes,whereas the donkey Equus asinus has 31 pairs of chromosomes.How many chromosomes would be expected in the somatic tissue of a mule,which is a hybrid of these two animals?

A)62
B)64
C)60
D)63
E)126

Question 32

During meiosis,chromosome number reduction takes place in_______ .

A)anaphase I
B)prophase I
C)telophase II
D)anaphase II
E)metaphase I

Question 33

A G1 somatic cell nucleus in a female diploid Myrmecia pilosula bulldog ant)contains 2 picograms of DNA.How much DNA would be expected in a metaphase I cell of a female?

A)4 picograms
B)32 picograms
C)8 picograms
D)16 picograms
E)Not enough information is provided to answer the question.

Question 34

The accompanying sketch depicts a cell from an organism in which 2n = 2 and each chromosome is metacentric. Which of the following is the correct stage for this sketch?

A)anaphase of meiosis I
B)telophase of mitosis
C)telophase of meiosis II
D)anaphase of meiosis II
E)anaphase of mitosis

Question 35

Which term describes meiosis I?

A)reducational
B)confrontational
C)equinational
D)multiplicative
E)middling

Question 36

A bivalent at prophase I contains _______chromatids.

A)four
B)three
C)two
D)one
E)eight

Question 37

What is the outcome of synapsis,a significant event in meiosis?

A)chiasma segregation
B)dyad formation
C)side- by- side alignment of nonhomologous chromosomes
D)monad movement to opposite poles
E)side- by- side alignment of homologous chromosomes

Question 38

Given that each G1 nucleus from this organism contains 16 picograms of DNA,how many picograms of chromosomal DNA would you expect in the cell shown below?

A)2
B)16
C)4
D)32
E)8

Question 39

If a typical somatic cell has 64 chromosomes,how many chromosomes are expected in each gamete of that organism?

A)16
B)8
C)128
D)32
E)64

Question 40

Which of the following would occur if there was no chiasma formation in prophase I?

A)Mosaic chromosomes would form.
B)In a heterozygote,there would only be a 1:1:1:1 formation after meiosis II,never a 2:2.
C)All gametes would have the same genotype.
D)In a heterozygote,there would only be a 2:2 formation after meiosis II,never a 1:1:1:1.
E)All gametes would have the same phenotype.

Question 41

The stage at which "sister chromatids go to opposite poles" immediately follows which of the stages listed below?

A)mitotic metaphase
B)metaphase of meiosis I
C)metaphase of meiosis II
D)A and B
E)A and C

Question 42

List,in order of appearance,all the cell types expected to be formed during spermatogenesis.

A)primary spermatocyte,secondary spermatocyte,spermatozoa,spermatid,spermatogonia
B)spermatogonia,primary spermatocyte,secondary spermatocyte,spermatid,spermatozoa
C)spermatozoa,spermatid,spermatogonia ,primary spermatocyte,secondary spermatocyte
D)primary spermatocyte,secondary spermatocyte,spermatid,spermatozoa,spermatogonia
E)spermatogonia,spermatozoa,spermatid,primary spermatocyte,secondary spermatocyte

Question 43

An organism with a haploid number of 10 will produce_______ combinations of chromosomes at the end of meiosis.

A)32
B)1024
C)10
D)10,000
E)100

Question 44

During the transition from interphase to metaphase chromosome,the DNA undergoes how much compaction?

A)500 fold
B)50 fold
C)2 fold
D)5000 fold
E)10 fold

Question 45

There is about as much nuclear DNA in a primary spermatocyte as in _______spermatids.

A)1
B)2
C)4
D)0)5
E)3

Question 46

In a healthy male,how many sperm cells would be expected to be formed from a)400 primary spermatocytes? b)400 secondary spermatocytes?

A)a)800; b)800
B)a)1600; b)800
C)a)1600; b)1600
D)a)400; b)400
E)a)100; b)800

Question 47

Which of the following is diploid?

A)zygote
B)egg
C)gametophyte
D)sperm
E)megaspore

Question 48

An organism with a diploid chromosome number of 46 will produce_______ combinations of chromosomes at the end of meiosis.

A)46
B)23
C)8388608
D)529
E)7.04 × 10¹³

Question 49

Electron microscopy of metaphase chromosomes demonstrated various degrees of coiling.What was the name of the model that depicted this process?

A)chromatid folding
B)folded- fiber
C)condensation
D)double- stranded
E)packing

Question 50

In plants,which stage is haploid?

A)germ cell
B)spermatozoa
C)sporophyte
D)gametophyte
E)polar body

Question 51

List,in order of appearance,all the cell types expected to be formed during oogenesis.

A)oogonium,primary oocyte,secondary oocyte and first polar body,ootid and second polar body
B)primary oocyte,secondary oocyte and first polar body,ootid,second polar body,oogonium
C)primary oocyte,secondary oocyte and first polar body,oogonium,second polar body and ootid
D)primary oocyte,secondary oocyte and first polar body,second polar body,ootid,oogonium
E)oogonium,primary oocyte,second polar body and ootid,secondary oocyte and first polar body

Question 52

Drosophila melanogaster,the fruit fly,has a 2n chromosome number of 8.Assuming that a somatic G2 nucleus from one of the individuals in this scenario contains about 8.0 picograms of DNA,how much nuclear DNA would you expect in a fly egg?

A)16 pg
B)4 pg
C)8 pg
D)2 pg
E)1 pg

Question 53

In a healthy female,how many secondary oocytes would be expected to form from 100 primary oocytes? How many first polar bodies would be expected from 100 primary oocytes?

A)100; 50
B)200; 50
C)50; 50
D)100; 100
E)200; 300