Deck 40: Child With an Oncological or Hematological Condition

Question 1

Which general manifestations should the nurse monitor for when conducting a physical assessment for a pediatric client who is diagnosed with cancer? (Select all that apply.)

A) Infection
B) Polycythemia
C) Petechiae
D) Pain
E) Cachexia

Answer 1

Infection
Petechiae
Pain
Cachexia

Question 2

Which is the priority nursing intervention for a pediatric client diagnosed with leukemia who has a granulocyte count of 250/mm³ and a platelet count of 150,000/mm³?

A) Fluid restriction
B) Mouth care
C) Neutropenic precautions
D) Hand hygiene

Answer 2

Hand hygiene

Question 3

The nurse is preparing to administer a blood transfusion to a child with severe anemia.Which type of transfusion reaction can be avoided by the nurse's assessment?

A) Allergic
B) Hemolytic
C) Febrile
D) Septic

Answer 3

Hemolytic

Question 4

A child diagnosed with aplastic anemia is admitted to the hospital.The parents ask the nurse what aplastic anemia is.Which response by the nurse is accurate?

A) "Aplastic anemia causes a proliferation of white blood cells."
B) "Aplastic anemia is characterized by abnormally shaped red blood cells
C) "Aplastic anemia is caused by the bone marrow producing inadequate cells."
D) "Aplastic anemia is a disorder that occurs after a viral illness."

Question 5

The nurse is providing care to a child diagnosed with cancer.Laboratory results indicate anemia.On the basis of the laboratory results,which clinical manifestations do(es)the nurse anticipate? (Select all that apply.)

A) Fever
B) Fatigue
C) Bleeding
D) Headache
E) Tachycardia

Question 6

The pediatric nurse explains to a parent that his child's sarcoma arises from which type of tissue?

A) Connective
B) Epithelial
C) Lymphatic
D) Glandular

Question 7

A school-aged African American male is brought to an emergency department (ED)by his parents with a vaso-occlusive crisis.When caring for this child,the nurse monitors for which conditions during the assessment? (Select all that apply.)

A) Uncontrolled bleeding
B) Acute chest syndrome
C) Splenic sequestration
D) Leg ulcerations
E) Diuresis

Question 8

A hematologist diagnoses a school-aged child with thrombocytopenia.When educating the parents of the child about this condition,which description of the disease does the nurse include?

A) A decrease in platelets
B) An increase in red blood cells
C) A decrease in white blood cells
D) An increase in platelets

Question 9

The clinic nurse conducts an interview with an adolescent diagnosed with beta-thalassemia and his parents.Prior to planning the adolescent's care,which should the nurse take into consideration? (Select all that apply.)

A) There is no cure for beta-thalassemia,but early remission is possible.
B) Hemosiderosis may occur as a result of chronic blood transfusion therapy.
C) Hand washing is essential because patients are often asplenic.
D) If the patient has a fever,antibiotic prophylaxis may be indicated.
E) To provide pain medication per order around the clock

Question 10

Which is the priority teaching point for the nurse to include in the discharge instructions for the parents of a child who was admitted in a sickle cell crisis?

A) Rapid weaning of pain medications
B) A diet high in protein
C) Adequate hydration
D) Restriction of activities

Question 11

A school-aged child is tentatively diagnosed with acute lymphocytic leukemia.The clinic nurse reviews the child's laboratory results and recognizes that which finding reflects the best prognosis?

A) WBC count greater than 30,000/mm³
B) WBC count greater than 20,000/mm³
C) WBC count less than 10,000/mm³
D) WBC count less than 5000/mm³

Question 12

The parents of an infant diagnosed with sickle cell disease ask,"How did our child get this disease? Neither one of us has it." Which should the nurse consider when responding to the parents?

A) The child is adopted.
B) The mother of the child has the trait,but the father does not.
C) The father of the child has the trait,but the mother does not.
D) The mother and the father of the child have the sickle cell trait.

Question 13

On the basis of a child's complaint of abdominal pain,the nurse suspects a Wilms' tumor.An abdominal mass associated with a Wilms' tumor will be detected in which location?

A) On one side
B) On the front side
C) On both the left and right sides
D) On all sides of the abdomen

Question 14

When talking to the parents of a school-aged cancer patient,the pediatric nurse identifies which as the most common cancer found in children?

A) Nasopharyngeal cancer
B) Acute lymphocytic leukemia
C) Chronic lymphocytic leukemia
D) Ewing sarcoma

Question 15

Which parental statement indicates correct understanding of information presented regarding the treatment for infant anemia?

A) "We will add green leafy vegetables to our child's low-iron formula."
B) "We will discontinue the use of vitamin C supplements by 6 months of age."
C) "We will begin an iron-fortified infant cereal at 4 to 6 months of age."
D) "We will introduce cow's milk by 6 months of age."

Question 16

Which nursing action is appropriate when treating a school-aged child diagnosed with hemophilia for a superficial wound above the knee?

A) Applying pressure to the area
B) Applying a warm,moist pack to the area
C) Performing some passive range of motion to the affected leg
D) Keeping the affected extremity in a dependent position

Question 17

The pediatric nurse teaches the parents of a preschool-aged child diagnosed with anemia that it is important to identify the cause of anemia so treatment can be tailored to their child's specific needs.The nurse tells the parents that their child's anemia is caused by an increased destruction of red blood cells that occurs with which condition noted in the medical history?

A) Bone marrow failure
B) Acute blood loss
C) Myelodysplastic syndrome
D) Sickle cell anemia

Question 18

Which primary function of red blood cells (RBCs)should the nurse consider when providing care to a pediatric patient who has been diagnosed with anemia?

A) Mediating the immune system to decrease areas of serious inflammation
B) Transporting hemoglobin that carries oxygen from the lungs to the tissues
C) Migrating and providing a rapid defense against any foreign agent
D) Providing hemostasis and vascular repair following injury to a vessel wall

Question 19

The pediatric nurse plans care for a child experiencing a sickle cell crisis.Which nursing intervention is appropriate for this patient?

A) Encouraging an increased amount of activity
B) Monitoring respiratory status and oxygenation
C) Using only nonpharmacological pain interventions to avoid an acute pulmonary event
D) Implementing fluid restrictions

Question 20

The nurse is administering packed red blood cells to a child with sickle-cell disease (SCD).When should the nurse monitor the child closely because of the risk of reaction?

A) 6 hours after the transfusion is given
B) At the end of the administration of the transfusion
C) The first 20 mL of blood administered
D) Never; children with SCD do not have reactions