Question 1

A patient reports to a home health care nurse of having cloudy vision and seeing spots and halos around lights.What should the nurse suspect based on these patient symptoms?&#10;A) Cataracts&#10;B) Glaucoma&#10;C) Detached retina&#10;D) Macular degeneration

Accepted Answer

Cloudy vision and seeing halos around lights are classic symptoms of cataracts, which involve the clouding of the eye's lens.

Question 2

Which surgical implementation is most effective with retinal detachment?&#10;A) Removing the lens&#10;B) Macular bonding&#10;C) Lasik surgery&#10;D) Scleral buckling

Accepted Answer

Scleral buckling is the most effective surgical implementation for retinal detachment. This procedure involves placing a silicone band or sponge around the outer layer of the eye (sclera) to push it towards the detached retina, effectively closing the tear or hole causing the detachment. Removing the lens (A) is typically only done in cases of cataracts, which may contribute to the risk of retinal detachment but is not a direct treatment for it. Macular bonding (B) and Lasik surgery (C) are not effective treatments for retinal detachment as they do not address the underlying cause of the detachment.

Question 3

What is the cause of glaucoma?&#10;A) Cloudiness in the lens&#10;B) Increase in intraocular pressure&#10;C) Failed eye surgery&#10;D) Retinal tears

Accepted Answer

Glaucoma is a condition where there is an increase in intraocular pressure leading to damage of the optic nerve, which is responsible for carrying visual information from the eyes to the brain. This pressure buildup can be caused by a variety of factors, including genetics, age, and other medical conditions.

Question 4

How does closed-angle glaucoma differ from open-angle glaucoma?&#10;A) The onset is acute.&#10;B) Trabeculectomy is the initial treatment.&#10;C) Treatment can be conservative.&#10;D) Intraocular pressure drops suddenly.

Accepted Answer

Closed-angle glaucoma is characterized by sudden onset of symptoms such as severe eye pain, nausea and vomiting, and a sudden increase in intraocular pressure, which can lead to permanent vision loss. On the other hand, open-angle glaucoma is a chronic condition with slow progression and often no symptoms in the early stages. Treatment for closed-angle glaucoma usually involves emergency measures to reduce the intraocular pressure, such as medications and laser surgery, while open-angle glaucoma can be managed with eye drops, laser therapy, or surgery, depending on the severity.

Question 5

A 52-year-old patient reports that he must hold his paper farther and farther away from his face to read it.What is the nurse's most informative response?&#10;A) &#34;You are describing myopia.Glasses will help you read.&#34;&#10;B) &#34;You may have astigmatism, but your eyes will finally adjust.&#34;&#10;C) &#34;You have presbyopia.Nonprescription reading glasses will help you.&#34;&#10;D) &#34;An eye infection may be the problem.Check with your physician for medication.&#34;

Accepted Answer

The patient is describing a common age-related condition called presbyopia, in which the lens in the eye loses its ability to focus on close objects. Nonprescription reading glasses can be helpful in correcting this issue. Option A is incorrect because myopia, also known as nearsightedness, would make it difficult to see objects at a distance, not up close. Option B is incorrect because astigmatism causes blurry vision at all distances, not just up close. Option D is incorrect because there is no indication of an infection, and medication would not address presbyopia.

Question 6

A nurse explains that laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (Lasik)and photorefractive keratectomy (PRK)are methods to correct refractive errors surgically.What do these procedures reshape?&#10;A) Cornea&#10;B) Lens&#10;C) Iris&#10;D) Pupil

Accepted Answer

Both Lasik and PRK reshape the cornea in order to correct refractive errors.

Question 7

A patient who has had surgery this morning for cataracts is now going home.What should the nurse include when providing discharge instructions? (Select all that apply.)&#10;A) Sleep on the affected side.&#10;B) Use stool softeners.&#10;C) Avoid bending over.&#10;D) Avoid lifting anything heavier than 5 lb.&#10;E) Do not wear an eye shield at night.

Accepted Answer

The patient should use stool softeners to avoid straining during bowel movements, avoid bending over to reduce intraocular pressure, and avoid lifting anything heavier than 5 lb to minimize the risk of complications or injury. It is not recommended to sleep on the affected side or to remove the eye shield at night, so options A and E are incorrect.

Question 8

A 60-year-old patient who has had an enucleation asks when he can get his prosthesis fitted.In approximately how many weeks should this patient expect to be fitted?&#10;A) 2&#10;B) 4&#10;C) 8&#10;D) 12

Accepted Answer

The answer of A 60-year-old patient who has had an...

Question 9

A patient in the emergency department complains of severe pain in his eye and is seeing halos around lights and feeling nauseous.Which diagnosis should the nurse suspect?&#10;A) Open-angle glaucoma&#10;B) Angle-closure glaucoma&#10;C) Cataracts&#10;D) Retinal detachment

Accepted Answer

The symptoms of severe eye pain, halos around lights, and nausea are characteristic of angle-closure glaucoma. This is a medical emergency which requires immediate treatment to prevent vision loss. Open-angle glaucoma is more slowly progressive and often asymptomatic. Cataracts typically cause a gradual loss of vision without pain or halos. Retinal detachment may cause vision loss and flashes of light, but not the specific symptoms described in this scenario.

Question 10

A patient with glaucoma is taking a beta-adrenergic blocking agent, timolol (Timoptic).For which potential side effect should the nurse assess the patient?&#10;A) Wheezing&#10;B) Hypertension&#10;C) Sudden eye pain&#10;D) Blurred vision

Accepted Answer

Beta-adrenergic blocking agents like timolol can cause bronchoconstriction, leading to wheezing, especially in patients with pre-existing respiratory conditions such as asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

Deck 59: Eye and Vision Disorders