Deck 9: Muscular System

Question 1

The movement that is opposite of flexion is

A) abduction.
B) rotation.
C) extension.
D) supination.

Answer 1

extension.

Question 2

What type of muscle contraction occurs when someone tries to lift a 500-pound weight?

A) Isometric
B) Twitch
C) Isotonic
D) Both A and B

Answer 2

Isometric

Question 3

Which type of muscle tissue contains striations?

A) Voluntary muscle
B) Cardiac muscle
C) Smooth muscle
D) Both A and B

Answer 3

Both A and B

Question 4

Tonic contractions

A) help maintain posture.
B) cause an oxygen debt in the body.
C) produce large amounts of lactic acid.
D) both B and C.

Question 5

Strength training causes

A) muscle atrophy.
B) an increase in blood vessels to a muscle.
C) muscle hypertrophy.
D) an increase in the number of mitochondria in a muscle cell.

Question 6

Muscle hypertrophy

A) results from long periods of disuse.
B) results from endurance training.
C) is an increase in muscle size.
D) results from an increase in blood vessels to a muscle.

Question 7

If the muscles of a weightlifter and a marathon runner were compared, the marathon runner would have

A) more mitochondria in each muscle cell.
B) larger muscle cells.
C) more muscle cells.
D) both A and C.

Question 8

Another name for visceral muscle is _____ muscle.

A) cardiac
B) voluntary
C) smooth
D) striated

Question 9

Endurance training results in

A) muscle atrophy.
B) an increase in blood vessels to a muscle.
C) muscle hypertrophy.
D) an increase in muscle fibers.

Question 10

The autoimmune disorder of the muscular system characterized by muscle weakness, especially in the face and throat, is called

A) fibromyositis.
B) myalgia.
C) myasthenia gravis.
D) Duchenne muscular dystrophy.

Question 11

Shaking your head "no" is what type of movement?

A) Supination
B) Rotation
C) Abduction
D) Dorsiflexion

Question 12

In extending the elbow, the

A) triceps brachii is the prime mover.
B) biceps brachii is the prime mover.
C) brachialis is the prime mover
D) triceps brachii is the antagonist.

Question 13

Which of the following does not happen when a muscle contracts?

A) A motor neuron stimulates a muscle cell.
B) The muscle cells partially contract based on the amount of resistance.
C) Neurotransmitters are used to trigger the contraction process on a skeletal muscle fiber.
D) The stimulus rises above threshold.

Question 14

Voluntary muscle is _____ muscle.

A) striated
B) cardiac
C) skeletal
D) both A and C

Question 15

If the muscles of a weightlifter and a marathon runner were compared, the weightlifter would have

A) more mitochondria in each muscle cell.
B) larger muscle cells.
C) more muscle cells.
D) both B and C.

Question 16

When bending the elbow, the

A) triceps brachii is the synergist.
B) biceps brachii is the prime mover.
C) biceps brachii is the antagonist.
D) brachialis is the prime mover.

Question 17

During strenuous exercise

A) an oxygen debt can occur.
B) lactic acid can be created in the muscle.
C) almost all the contractions are tonic contractions.
D) both A and B.

Question 18

Intercalated disks are found in _____ muscle.

A) striated
B) cardiac
C) smooth
D) all of the above

Question 19

What type of muscle contraction occurs when someone lifts a book off a desk?

A) Isometric
B) Twitch
C) Isotonic
D) Both A and B

Question 20

The triceps brachii and the biceps brachii

A) are synergistic for each other.
B) both have their origins on the forearm.
C) are antagonistic to one other.
D) both have their insertions in the shoulder.

Question 21

Match each term with its corresponding definition or description.
Usually the moving attachment point of a muscle

A)Voluntary muscle
B)Visceral muscle
C)Intercalated disks
D)Origin
E)Sarcomere
F)Insertion
G)Actin
H)Z line
I)Bursae
J)Myosin

Question 22

Damage to a ligament results in which type of injury?

A) Strain
B) Myalgia
C) Cramps
D) Sprain

Question 23

Match each term with its corresponding definition or description.
Usually the nonmoving attachment point of a muscle

A)Voluntary muscle
B)Visceral muscle
C)Intercalated disks
D)Origin
E)Sarcomere
F)Insertion
G)Actin
H)Z line
I)Bursae
J)Myosin

Question 24

Which of the following is not a primary function of the muscular system?

A) Protection of internal organs
B) Movement
C) Maintaining posture
D) Producing heat to maintain body temperature

Question 25

Match each term with its corresponding definition or description.
Structures that separate one sarcomere from another

A)Voluntary muscle
B)Visceral muscle
C)Intercalated disks
D)Origin
E)Sarcomere
F)Insertion
G)Actin
H)Z line
I)Bursae
J)Myosin

Question 26

Which type of muscle tissue specializes in contraction or shortening?

A) Cardiac
B) Smooth
C) Striated
D) All of the above

Question 27

Match each term with its corresponding definition or description.
Structures that are found only in cardiac muscle

A)Voluntary muscle
B)Visceral muscle
C)Intercalated disks
D)Origin
E)Sarcomere
F)Insertion
G)Actin
H)Z line
I)Bursae
J)Myosin

Question 28

Match each term with its corresponding definition or description.
Another term for skeletal muscle

A)Voluntary muscle
B)Visceral muscle
C)Intercalated disks
D)Origin
E)Sarcomere
F)Insertion
G)Actin
H)Z line
I)Bursae
J)Myosin

Question 29

Match each term with its corresponding definition or description.
Protein that makes up the thin myofilament

A)Voluntary muscle
B)Visceral muscle
C)Intercalated disks
D)Origin
E)Sarcomere
F)Insertion
G)Actin
H)Z line
I)Bursae
J)Myosin

Question 30

Match each term with its corresponding definition or description.
Protein that makes up the thick myofilament

A)Voluntary muscle
B)Visceral muscle
C)Intercalated disks
D)Origin
E)Sarcomere
F)Insertion
G)Actin
H)Z line
I)Bursae
J)Myosin

Question 31

The "heads" of which molecules form crossbridges during muscle contraction?

A) Actin
B) The thin filament
C) Myosin
D) Both A and B

Question 32

Match each term with its corresponding definition or description.
Another name for smooth muscle

A)Voluntary muscle
B)Visceral muscle
C)Intercalated disks
D)Origin
E)Sarcomere
F)Insertion
G)Actin
H)Z line
I)Bursae
J)Myosin

Question 33

Which type of muscle is characterized by cells with tapered ends and a single nucleus?

A) Cardiac
B) Smooth
C) Striated
D) Voluntary

Question 34

Match each term with its corresponding definition or description.
Functional unit of contraction of a skeletal muscle

A)Voluntary muscle
B)Visceral muscle
C)Intercalated disks
D)Origin
E)Sarcomere
F)Insertion
G)Actin
H)Z line
I)Bursae
J)Myosin

Question 35

A muscle's insertion is on the

A) more movable muscle.
B) more stationary muscle.
C) muscle most responsible for a specific movement.
D) both B and C.

Question 36

Which of the following contractions is seen in an isolated muscle fiber in the laboratory but plays a minimal role in normal muscle activity?

A) Isometric
B) Twitch
C) Isotonic
D) Tectonic

Question 37

A muscle's origin is on the

A) more movable bone.
B) more stationary bone.
C) muscle most responsible for a specific movement.
D) both A and C.

Question 38

Moving a body part away from the midline of the body is called

A) abduction.
B) pronation.
C) rotation.
D) adduction.

Question 39

Match each term with its corresponding definition or description.
A small fluid-filled sac that lies between some tendons and bones

A)Voluntary muscle
B)Visceral muscle
C)Intercalated disks
D)Origin
E)Sarcomere
F)Insertion
G)Actin
H)Z line
I)Bursae
J)Myosin

Question 40

Which substance is released from the endoplasmic reticulum after a nerve signal stimulates the muscle fiber?

A) Myoglobin
B) Calcium ions
C) ATP
D) Sarcomeres

Question 41

Match each muscle with its corresponding description or location.
One of the muscles used to close the jaw

A)Triceps brachii
B)Pectoralis major
C)Masseter
D)Sternocleidomastoid
E)Zygomaticus
F)Deltoid
G)Biceps brachii
H)Latissimus dorsi

Question 42

Match each term with its corresponding definition or description.
The movement that decreases the angle between two bones

A)Flexion
B)Extension
C)Abduction
D)Adduction
E)Supination
F)Pronation
G)Rotation
H)Plantar flexion
I)Dorsiflexion

Question 43

Match each muscle with its corresponding description or location.
Large muscle on the lower back

A)Triceps brachii
B)Pectoralis major
C)Masseter
D)Sternocleidomastoid
E)Zygomaticus
F)Deltoid
G)Biceps brachii
H)Latissimus dorsi

Question 44

Match each term with its corresponding definition or description.
Turning the hand so the palm is facing anteriorly

A)Flexion
B)Extension
C)Abduction
D)Adduction
E)Supination
F)Pronation
G)Rotation
H)Plantar flexion
I)Dorsiflexion

Question 45

Match each muscle to its corresponding location or description.
Group of muscles that includes the biceps femoris

A)External oblique
B)Gastrocnemius
C)Quadriceps
D)Intercostal muscles
E)Tibialis anterior
F)Hamstring muscles
G)Gluteus maximus
H)Rectus abdominis

Question 46

Match each muscle to its corresponding location or description.
Muscle group made up of the rectus femoris and the three vastus muscles

A)External oblique
B)Gastrocnemius
C)Quadriceps
D)Intercostal muscles
E)Tibialis anterior
F)Hamstring muscles
G)Gluteus maximus
H)Rectus abdominis

Question 47

Match each muscle to its corresponding location or description.
Muscles that are located between the ribs

A)External oblique
B)Gastrocnemius
C)Quadriceps
D)Intercostal muscles
E)Tibialis anterior
F)Hamstring muscles
G)Gluteus maximus
H)Rectus abdominis

Question 48

Match each term with its corresponding definition or description.
Moving a body part toward the midline of the body

A)Flexion
B)Extension
C)Abduction
D)Adduction
E)Supination
F)Pronation
G)Rotation
H)Plantar flexion
I)Dorsiflexion

Question 49

Match each muscle with its corresponding description or location.
Muscle that forms the thick rounded prominence over the shoulder and upper arm

A)Triceps brachii
B)Pectoralis major
C)Masseter
D)Sternocleidomastoid
E)Zygomaticus
F)Deltoid
G)Biceps brachii
H)Latissimus dorsi

Question 50

Match each muscle with its corresponding description or location.
Pair of muscles that allow a person to flex the head to the chest

A)Triceps brachii
B)Pectoralis major
C)Masseter
D)Sternocleidomastoid
E)Zygomaticus
F)Deltoid
G)Biceps brachii
H)Latissimus dorsi

Question 51

Match each muscle with its corresponding description or location.
Muscle on the back of the upper arm that is responsible for elbow extension

A)Triceps brachii
B)Pectoralis major
C)Masseter
D)Sternocleidomastoid
E)Zygomaticus
F)Deltoid
G)Biceps brachii
H)Latissimus dorsi

Question 52

Match each muscle with its corresponding description or location.
Muscle on the front of the upper arm responsible for flexion of the elbow

A)Triceps brachii
B)Pectoralis major
C)Masseter
D)Sternocleidomastoid
E)Zygomaticus
F)Deltoid
G)Biceps brachii
H)Latissimus dorsi

Question 53

Match each muscle to its corresponding location or description.
Muscle located on the front surface of the lower leg

A)External oblique
B)Gastrocnemius
C)Quadriceps
D)Intercostal muscles
E)Tibialis anterior
F)Hamstring muscles
G)Gluteus maximus
H)Rectus abdominis

Question 54

Match each muscle to its corresponding location or description.
One of the three layered muscles on the side of the abdominal wall

A)External oblique
B)Gastrocnemius
C)Quadriceps
D)Intercostal muscles
E)Tibialis anterior
F)Hamstring muscles
G)Gluteus maximus
H)Rectus abdominis

Question 55

Match each muscle with its corresponding description or location.
Can be referred to as the "smiling muscle"

A)Triceps brachii
B)Pectoralis major
C)Masseter
D)Sternocleidomastoid
E)Zygomaticus
F)Deltoid
G)Biceps brachii
H)Latissimus dorsi

Question 56

Match each muscle to its corresponding location or description.
Muscle that makes up much of the substance of the buttock

A)External oblique
B)Gastrocnemius
C)Quadriceps
D)Intercostal muscles
E)Tibialis anterior
F)Hamstring muscles
G)Gluteus maximus
H)Rectus abdominis

Question 57

Match each muscle with its corresponding description or location.
Large fan-shaped muscle that covers the upper chest

A)Triceps brachii
B)Pectoralis major
C)Masseter
D)Sternocleidomastoid
E)Zygomaticus
F)Deltoid
G)Biceps brachii
H)Latissimus dorsi

Question 58

Match each term with its corresponding definition or description.
Moving a body part away from the midline of the body

A)Flexion
B)Extension
C)Abduction
D)Adduction
E)Supination
F)Pronation
G)Rotation
H)Plantar flexion
I)Dorsiflexion

Question 59

Match each muscle to its corresponding location or description.
Strap-shaped muscle that runs down the center of the abdomen

A)External oblique
B)Gastrocnemius
C)Quadriceps
D)Intercostal muscles
E)Tibialis anterior
F)Hamstring muscles
G)Gluteus maximus
H)Rectus abdominis

Question 60

Match each muscle to its corresponding location or description.
Primary calf muscle

A)External oblique
B)Gastrocnemius
C)Quadriceps
D)Intercostal muscles
E)Tibialis anterior
F)Hamstring muscles
G)Gluteus maximus
H)Rectus abdominis

Question 61

Explain the sliding filament theory of muscle contraction.

Question 62

Match each term with its corresponding definition or description.
Movement that increases the angle between two bones

A)Flexion
B)Extension
C)Abduction
D)Adduction
E)Supination
F)Pronation
G)Rotation
H)Plantar flexion
I)Dorsiflexion

Question 63

Define isotonic and isometric contractions and give an example of each.

Question 64

Match each term with its corresponding definition or description.
Turning the hand so the palm is facing posteriorly

A)Flexion
B)Extension
C)Abduction
D)Adduction
E)Supination
F)Pronation
G)Rotation
H)Plantar flexion
I)Dorsiflexion

Question 65

Explain the different effects that strength training and endurance training have on a muscle.

Question 66

What makes up a motor unit, and what is the neuromuscular junction?

Question 67

Match each term with its corresponding definition or description.
Movement around a longitudinal axis

A)Flexion
B)Extension
C)Abduction
D)Adduction
E)Supination
F)Pronation
G)Rotation
H)Plantar flexion
I)Dorsiflexion

Question 68

Explain the microscopic structure of the skeletal muscle.

Question 69

Describe the three types of muscle tissues, and explain where each is found.

Question 70

Explain muscle fatigue and oxygen debt, and describe how oxygen debt is "paid."

Question 71

Explain the similarities between bursae and tendon sheaths.

Question 72

Explain the roles of the prime mover, the synergist, and the antagonist in muscle contraction.

Question 73

Explain the differences among a sprain, a strain, and a cramp.

Question 74

Give an example of a sport or activity that benefits from endurance exercise. Explain your answer.

Question 75

Match each term with its corresponding definition or description.
Movement that points the toes

A)Flexion
B)Extension
C)Abduction
D)Adduction
E)Supination
F)Pronation
G)Rotation
H)Plantar flexion
I)Dorsiflexion

Question 76

Match each term with its corresponding definition or description.
Movement that moves the toes toward the shin

A)Flexion
B)Extension
C)Abduction
D)Adduction
E)Supination
F)Pronation
G)Rotation
H)Plantar flexion
I)Dorsiflexion

Question 77

Name and explain the movements produced by skeletal muscle contraction.

Question 78

Explain how a severe muscle injury can lead to kidney damage.

Question 79

Explain how intercalated disks allow the heart to contract more efficiently.

Question 80

Give an example of a sport or activity that benefits from strength exercise. Explain your answer.