Deck 10: Nervous System

Question 1

Which of the following structures is not part of a synapse?

A) Synaptic knob
B) Synaptic cleft
C) Neurotransmitter
D) Plasma membrane of the postsynaptic cell

Answer 1

Neurotransmitter

Question 2

Which of the following is not a function of the thalamus?

A) Controls appetite.
B) Relays impulses to the cerebral cortex from sense organs.
C) Associates sensations with emotions.
D) Plays a part in the "arousal or alerting mechanism."

Answer 2

Controls appetite.

Question 3

Another name for connecting neurons is

A) interneurons.
B) efferent neurons.
C) motor neurons.
D) afferent neurons.

Answer 3

interneurons.

Question 4

Saltatory conduction

A) is called "saltatory" because it is caused by sodium chloride.
B) is much slower than nonsaltatory conduction.
C) occurs only in the dendrites.
D) occurs only in the axons.

Question 5

The vital centers are located in the

A) medulla oblongata.
B) pons.
C) spinal cord.
D) midbrain.

Question 6

Which type of glia cell turns into a microbe-eating cell in inflamed brain tissue?

A) Microglia
B) Oligodendrocyte
C) Astroglia
D) Neurolemma

Question 7

Dendrites

A) are usually highly branched.
B) carry impulses away from the cell body.
C) are usually surrounded by myelin.
D) all of the above.

Question 8

Which of the following neurotransmitters is not considered a catecholamine?

A) Norepinephrine
B) Acetylcholine
C) Dopamine
D) Serotonin

Question 9

Which of the following statements is not true of nervous system tumors?

A) Most tumors develop from neurons.
B) Neuroma is a general name for a nervous system tumor.
C) Multiple neurofibromatosis is an example of a nervous system tumor.
D) Most tumors in the nervous system result from the metastasis of other types of tumors.

Question 10

Which of the following statements is not true of multiple sclerosis?

A) It is considered a myelin disorder.
B) Oligodendrocyte injury or death occurs.
C) The disease is most common in women between the ages of 20 and 40.
D) It is usually the result of a neuroma.

Question 11

The eye is considered part of the _____ nervous system.

A) central
B) peripheral
C) autonomic
D) sympathetic

Question 12

During a nerve impulse

A) the interior of the neuron becomes more negative.
B) sodium ions are pumped out of the neuron.
C) sodium ions are allowed into the neuron.
D) the entire neuron becomes positively charged.

Question 13

The most basic reflex arc is

A) a one-neuron pathway.
B) a two-neuron pathway.
C) a three-neuron pathway.
D) an interneuron.

Question 14

Axons

A) are usually highly branched.
B) carry nerve impulses toward the cell body.
C) carry nerve impulses away from the cell body.
D) both A and B.

Question 15

The outermost covering of a nerve is called the

A) epineurium.
B) endoneurium.
C) perineurium.
D) fascicles.

Question 16

Sensory neurons are also called

A) interneurons.
B) efferent neurons.
C) afferent neurons.
D) glia cells.

Question 17

Motor neurons are also called

A) interneurons.
B) efferent neurons.
C) afferent neurons.
D) glia cells.

Question 18

The autonomic nervous system is a subdivision of the _____ nervous system.

A) central
B) sympathetic
C) peripheral
D) parasympathetic

Question 19

Which of the following is not a function of the hypothalamus?

A) Produces antidiuretic hormone.
B) Helps regulate body temperature.
C) Plays a part in the "arousal or alerting mechanism."
D) Helps regulate water balance.

Question 20

Which type of glia cell produces myelin for cells in the brain?

A) Microglia
B) Oligodendrocytes
C) Astrocytes
D) Neurolemma

Question 21

The outermost layer of the meninges is the

A) pia mater.
B) choroid plexus.
C) arachnoid mater.
D) dura mater.

Question 22

A nerve is

A) also called a tract.
B) a group of peripheral axons.
C) considered gray matter.
D) both A and C.

Question 23

Which of the following neurons is classified as a cholinergic fiber?

A) Parasympathetic preganglionic axon
B) Sympathetic preganglionic axon
C) Sympathetic postganglionic axon
D) Both A and B

Question 24

Which of the following is not part of the peripheral nervous system?

A) Cranial nerves
B) Spinal nerves
C) The autonomic nervous system
D) All of the above are part of the peripheral nervous system.

Question 25

Cerebrospinal fluid is found between the

A) skull and the dura mater.
B) dura mater and the arachnoid mater.
C) arachnoid mater and the pia mater.
D) pia mater and the brain.

Question 26

Which of the following statements is not true of the cerebellum?

A) It is the second largest part of the brain.
B) It lies under the occipital lobe of the cerebrum.
C) It is responsible for muscle coordination.
D) It helps regulate water balance and sleep cycles.

Question 27

Which of the following neurons is classified as an adrenergic fiber?

A) Parasympathetic preganglionic axon
B) Sympathetic preganglionic axon
C) Sympathetic postganglionic axon
D) Both A and B

Question 28

Parkinson disease is a nervous disorder resulting from a deficiency of which neurotransmitter?

A) Acetylcholine
B) Enkephalin
C) Serotonin
D) Dopamine

Question 29

Somatic motor neurons

A) use a single-neuron pathway to connect the spinal cord to the effector organ.
B) produce epinephrine as their neurotransmitter.
C) synapse at the collateral ganglia.
D) both A and B.

Question 30

Another name for tic douloureux is

A) sciatica.
B) shingles.
C) Bell palsy.
D) trigeminal neuralgia.

Question 31

The outer membrane of a Schwann cell is called the

A) neurilemmal.
B) myelin.
C) node of Ranvier.
D) glia.

Question 32

The perineurium is

A) a tough, fibrous sheath covering the whole nerve.
B) another name for a fascicle.
C) a thin wrapping of fibrous tissue around each axon.
D) a thin fibrous tissue surrounding a group of axons.

Question 33

The somatic nervous system carries impulses from the brain and spinal cord to

A) cardiac muscle.
B) skeletal muscle.
C) smooth muscle.
D) all of the above.

Question 34

Which of the following is not considered part of the brainstem?

A) Medulla oblongata
B) Cerebellum
C) Pons
D) Midbrain

Question 35

Which of the following is an example of a morphine like neurotransmitter?

A) Enkephalin
B) Acetylcholine
C) Dopamine
D) Serotonin

Question 36

Match each of the following terms with its corresponding definition or description.
Another term for a sensory neuron

A)Microglia
B)Axon
C)Dendrites
D)Oligodendrocyte
E)Afferent neuron
F)Astrocytes
G)Efferent neuron
H)Interneurons
I)Nodes of Ranvier
J)Schwann cells

Question 37

The indentations between Schwann cells are called

A) neurilemmas.
B) myelin.
C) nodes of Ranvier.
D) glias.

Question 38

A person who has never had chicken pox is less likely to develop

A) sciatica.
B) shingles.
C) Bell palsy.
D) trigeminal neuralgia.

Question 39

A reflex arc may not have which of the following?

A) A sensory neuron
B) An interneuron
C) A motor neuron
D) All reflex arcs must have all of the above.

Question 40

Which of the following statements is not true of the spinal cord?

A) It is the primary reflex center.
B) It contains both gray and white matter.
C) It extends from the occipital bone to the third sacral vertebra.
D) It transmits impulses to and from the brain.

Question 41

Match each of the following terms with its corresponding definition or description.
Indentations between adjacent Schwann cells

A)Microglia
B)Axon
C)Dendrites
D)Oligodendrocyte
E)Afferent neuron
F)Astrocytes
G)Efferent neuron
H)Interneurons
I)Nodes of Ranvier
J)Schwann cells

Question 42

Match each part of the central nervous system with its corresponding description or function.
Lies just below the occipital lobe of the cerebrum and is responsible for muscle coordination

A)Midbrain
B)Spinal cord
C)Medulla oblongata
D)Thalamus
E)Hypothalamus
F)Cerebellum
G)Sulcus
H)Corpus callosum
I)Cerebrum
J)Gyrus
K)Basal ganglia

Question 43

Match each of the following terms with its corresponding definition or description.
Cells that can become "microbe-eating" cells in the brain

A)Microglia
B)Axon
C)Dendrites
D)Oligodendrocyte
E)Afferent neuron
F)Astrocytes
G)Efferent neuron
H)Interneurons
I)Nodes of Ranvier
J)Schwann cells

Question 44

Match each part of the central nervous system with its corresponding description or function.
The largest and uppermost part of the brain

A)Midbrain
B)Spinal cord
C)Medulla oblongata
D)Thalamus
E)Hypothalamus
F)Cerebellum
G)Sulcus
H)Corpus callosum
I)Cerebrum
J)Gyrus
K)Basal ganglia

Question 45

Match each part of the central nervous system with its corresponding description or function.
The main reflex center of the central nervous system

A)Midbrain
B)Spinal cord
C)Medulla oblongata
D)Thalamus
E)Hypothalamus
F)Cerebellum
G)Sulcus
H)Corpus callosum
I)Cerebrum
J)Gyrus
K)Basal ganglia

Question 46

Match each part of the central nervous system with its corresponding description or function.
A shallow groove in the outer surface of the cerebrum

A)Midbrain
B)Spinal cord
C)Medulla oblongata
D)Thalamus
E)Hypothalamus
F)Cerebellum
G)Sulcus
H)Corpus callosum
I)Cerebrum
J)Gyrus
K)Basal ganglia

Question 47

Match each of the following terms with its corresponding definition or description.
Star-shaped cells that hold neurons and blood vessels close to each other in the brain

A)Microglia
B)Axon
C)Dendrites
D)Oligodendrocyte
E)Afferent neuron
F)Astrocytes
G)Efferent neuron
H)Interneurons
I)Nodes of Ranvier
J)Schwann cells

Question 48

Match each of the following terms with its corresponding definition or description.
Usually a single elongated projection of a neuron

A)Microglia
B)Axon
C)Dendrites
D)Oligodendrocyte
E)Afferent neuron
F)Astrocytes
G)Efferent neuron
H)Interneurons
I)Nodes of Ranvier
J)Schwann cells

Question 49

Match each part of the central nervous system with its corresponding description or function.
Connects the right and left hemispheres of the cerebrum

A)Midbrain
B)Spinal cord
C)Medulla oblongata
D)Thalamus
E)Hypothalamus
F)Cerebellum
G)Sulcus
H)Corpus callosum
I)Cerebrum
J)Gyrus
K)Basal ganglia

Question 50

Match each of the following terms with its corresponding definition or description.
Numerous branching projections of the neuron

A)Microglia
B)Axon
C)Dendrites
D)Oligodendrocyte
E)Afferent neuron
F)Astrocytes
G)Efferent neuron
H)Interneurons
I)Nodes of Ranvier
J)Schwann cells

Question 51

Match each part of the central nervous system with its corresponding description or function.
A ridge on the surface of the cerebrum

A)Midbrain
B)Spinal cord
C)Medulla oblongata
D)Thalamus
E)Hypothalamus
F)Cerebellum
G)Sulcus
H)Corpus callosum
I)Cerebrum
J)Gyrus
K)Basal ganglia

Question 52

Match each of the following terms with its corresponding definition or description.
Cells that produce myelin for the neurons in the central nervous system

A)Microglia
B)Axon
C)Dendrites
D)Oligodendrocyte
E)Afferent neuron
F)Astrocytes
G)Efferent neuron
H)Interneurons
I)Nodes of Ranvier
J)Schwann cells

Question 53

Match each part of the central nervous system with its corresponding description or function.
Islands of gray matter in the white matter of the cerebrum

A)Midbrain
B)Spinal cord
C)Medulla oblongata
D)Thalamus
E)Hypothalamus
F)Cerebellum
G)Sulcus
H)Corpus callosum
I)Cerebrum
J)Gyrus
K)Basal ganglia

Question 54

Match each part of the central nervous system with its corresponding description or function.
Structure that is part of the central nervous system but also produces hormones for the endocrine system

A)Midbrain
B)Spinal cord
C)Medulla oblongata
D)Thalamus
E)Hypothalamus
F)Cerebellum
G)Sulcus
H)Corpus callosum
I)Cerebrum
J)Gyrus
K)Basal ganglia

Question 55

Match each of the following terms with its corresponding definition or description.
Neurons that can also be called "connecting" neurons

A)Microglia
B)Axon
C)Dendrites
D)Oligodendrocyte
E)Afferent neuron
F)Astrocytes
G)Efferent neuron
H)Interneurons
I)Nodes of Ranvier
J)Schwann cells

Question 56

Match each of the following terms with its corresponding definition or description.
Another term for motor neuron

A)Microglia
B)Axon
C)Dendrites
D)Oligodendrocyte
E)Afferent neuron
F)Astrocytes
G)Efferent neuron
H)Interneurons
I)Nodes of Ranvier
J)Schwann cells

Question 57

Match each of the following terms with its corresponding definition or description.
Cells that produce myelin for axons outside the central nervous system

A)Microglia
B)Axon
C)Dendrites
D)Oligodendrocyte
E)Afferent neuron
F)Astrocytes
G)Efferent neuron
H)Interneurons
I)Nodes of Ranvier
J)Schwann cells

Question 58

Match each part of the central nervous system with its corresponding description or function.
Part of the brainstem that contains the "vital centers"

A)Midbrain
B)Spinal cord
C)Medulla oblongata
D)Thalamus
E)Hypothalamus
F)Cerebellum
G)Sulcus
H)Corpus callosum
I)Cerebrum
J)Gyrus
K)Basal ganglia

Question 59

Match each part of the central nervous system with its corresponding description or function.
The most superior part of the brainstem

A)Midbrain
B)Spinal cord
C)Medulla oblongata
D)Thalamus
E)Hypothalamus
F)Cerebellum
G)Sulcus
H)Corpus callosum
I)Cerebrum
J)Gyrus
K)Basal ganglia

Question 60

Match each part of the central nervous system with its corresponding description or function.
Brain structure that associates sensations with emotions

A)Midbrain
B)Spinal cord
C)Medulla oblongata
D)Thalamus
E)Hypothalamus
F)Cerebellum
G)Sulcus
H)Corpus callosum
I)Cerebrum
J)Gyrus
K)Basal ganglia

Question 61

Explain the structure and function of the cerebrum.

Question 62

Explain the structure and functioning of a reflex arc.

Question 63

Explain the structure of a nerve.

Question 64

What is the efferent organ for the knee-jerk reflex?

Question 65

Describe the structure, location, and functions of the thalamus.

Question 66

Explain the functions of efferent neurons, afferent neurons, and interneurons.

Question 67

Explain a synapse between two neurons. Describe the methods by which neurotransmitters are inactivated.

Question 68

Name and explain the function of the three types of glial cells in the central nervous system. Name and explain the function of the glial cell found only in the peripheral nervous system.

Question 69

Describe the structure and function of spinal nerves.

Question 70

Describe and give the function of the brainstem.

Question 71

Explain a nerve impulse. What is saltatory conduction?

Question 72

Describe cerebral palsy, and list its possible causes.

Question 73

Explain the symptoms and causes of trigeminal neuralgia and Bell palsy.

Question 74

Describe the structure, location, and functions of the hypothalamus.

Question 75

Explain the role of oligodendrocytes in multiple sclerosis.

Question 76

Describe the structure, location, and function of the cerebellum.

Question 77

Explain how benign gliomas can still be life-threatening.

Question 78

A class of antidepressant drugs called SSRIs works by preventing the removal of the neurotransmitter serotonin from the synapse. Explain how that would affect the postsynaptic neuron.

Question 79

Name and describe the three layers of the meninges.

Question 80

Explain the structure and function of the spinal cord.