Deck 3: Ethical Relativism

Question 1

According to individual ethical relativism,I cannot be objectively mistaken in my moral judgments.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

Which is not a reason for supporting ethical relativism

A) Moral uncertainty.
B) Diversity of moral views.
C) Situational differences.
D) Social cohesion.

Answer 2

D

Question 3

According to W.D.Ross,the fact that there are several prima facie duties means

A) That ethical absolutism is the correct approach.
B) There is a hierarchical structure to the universal value system.
C) That we are obligated to fulfill all of them.
D) That there will be conflicts of values.

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Is the relativist necessarily more tolerant than the objectivist?

Question 5

How could one be an objectivist or nonrelativist and yet hold that what is right in some circumstances is wrong or bad in others?

Question 6

Shared moral agreements can result in different conclusions when people have different factual agreements.

Question 7

According to the text,the essence of both descriptive and ethical relativism is the belief that people do differ fundamentally about what is right and wrong.

Question 8

Absolutism is described as the view that

A) It is impossible to know somethings.
B) What is good in a concrete case differs from person to person.
C) Moral principles are context-independent.
D) There are no universal norms.

Question 9

Strong ethical relativism holds that

A) There is no objective right and wrong.
B) Right and wrong are not really knowable.
C) Some actions are more right than others.
D) All actions are equally moral.

Question 10

Strong ethical relativism holds that there is no objective good or bad,right or wrong.

Question 11

The belief that what is right in some circumstances is not necessarily right in others cannot be held by ethical objectivists.

Question 12

If people disagree about some moral matter,their disagreement will always be due to their having different moral values.

Question 13

According to the text,moral skeptics hold that it is difficult or impossible to know what is good or bad,right or wrong.

Question 14

Moral pluralists hold that there are many different ultimate values but also argue whether some rank higher than others.

Question 15

Richard Rorry argues that there is no algorithm to determine precise answers about which beliefs are better than others.

Question 16

Social or cultural relativism holds that what is right is whatever one's society or culture holds is right.

Question 17

How would an objectivist respond to the subjectivist/ relativist argument that there is no objective right and wrong because people never agree about what is right and wrong.

Question 18

According to Martha Nussbaum,the central capacities

A) provide the basis of respect for differences.
B) Can be realized independent of individual taste.
C) Can each be concretely realized in different ways.
D) Are contradictory to living an ethical life.

Question 19

Weak forms of ethical relativism hold that there are objective moral principles,even though they will need to be applied differently in different contexts.