Deck 5: It Infrastructure and Emerging Technologies

Question 1

Today's computer transistors are roughly equivalent in size to:

A)the width of a fingernail.
B)a human hair.
C)a virus.
D)several atoms.
E)a grain of sand.

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Place the following eras of IT infrastructure evolution in order,from earliest to most recent: 1.Cloud Computing Era; 2.Client/Server; 3.Enterprise Era; 4.Personal Computer; and 5.Mainframe and Minicomputer.

A)5,2,3,4,1
B)5,4,2,3,1
C)4,5,2,3,1
D)5,4,2,1,3
E)4,5,3,2,1

Answer 2

B

Question 3

________ states that the value or power of a network grows exponentially as a function of the number of network members.

A)Metcalfe's Law
B)Moore's Law
C)Law of scalability
D)Law of outsourcing
E)Law of networks

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Specifications that establish the compatibility of products and the ability to communicate in a network are called:

A)network standards.
B)telecommunications standards.
C)technology standards.
D)Internet standards.
E)compatibility standards.

Question 5

A(n)________ is used to communicate between a user and an organization's back-end systems.

A)public server
B)private server
C)legacy server
D)application server
E)blade server

Question 6

________ uses individual atoms and molecules to create computer chips and other devices.

A)Virtualization
B)Nanotechnology
C)Quantum computing
D)A minicomputer
E)On-demand computing

Question 7

An application server may reside on the same computer as a web server or on its own dedicated computer.

Question 8

In N-tier computing,significant parts of website content,logic,and processing are performed by a single web server.

Question 9

A client computer networked to a server computer,with processing split between the two types of machines,is called a(n):

A)service-oriented architecture.
B)on-demand architecture.
C)multi-tiered client/server architecture.
D)two-tiered client/server architecture.
E)divided architecture.

Question 10

Which of the following factors does not help explain why computing resources today are even more available than in previous decades?

A)Network economics
B)Law of mass digital storage
C)Moore's law
D)Declining communications costs and the Internet
E)Widespread rejection of technology standards

Question 11

The introduction of the minicomputer:

A)allowed computers to be customized to the specific needs of departments or business units.
B)strengthened centralized computing.
C)offered new,powerful machines at higher prices than mainframes.
D)represented the rise of Microsoft.
E)was dominated by IBM.

Question 12

A web server is responsible for locating and managing stored webpages.

Question 13

In a multi-tiered network:

A)the work of the entire network is centralized.
B)the work of the entire network is balanced over several levels of servers.
C)processing is split between clients and servers.
D)processing is handled by multiple,geographically-remote clients.
E)processing is located in the cloud.

Question 14

Which of the following is not an IT infrastructure service component?

A)Operating system software
B)Computing platforms to provide a coherent digital environment
C)Physical facilities management to manage the facilities housing physical components
D)IT management services to plan and develop the infrastructure and provide project management
E)IT education services that provide training to employees

Question 15

Which of the following became the standard PC in the Personal Computer Era?

A)Wintel PC
B)DOS PC
C)MITS PC
D)Altair
E)Apple II

Question 16

IT infrastructure consists of only those physical computing devices and software required to operate the enterprise.

Question 17

Interpretations of Moore's law assert that:

A)computing power will eventually level off.
B)transistors decrease in size 50% every two years.
C)data storage costs decrease by 50% every 18 months.
D)PCs decrease in market share by 9% every 5 years.
E)computing power doubles every 18 months.

Question 18

Client/server computing is a primary example of decentralized processing.

Question 19

Enterprise infrastructure requires software that can link disparate applications and enable data to flow freely among different parts of the business.

Question 20

Which type of infrastructure service stores and manages corporate data and provides capabilities for analyzing the data?

A)Networking
B)Telephone
C)VOIP
D)Telecommunications
E)Data management

Question 21

List and describe four services that comprise IT infrastructure,beyond physical devices and software applications.

Question 22

Which of the following is an example of a legacy system?

A)Transaction processing system running on a mainframe
B)Scalable grid computing system
C)Web services running on a cloud computing platform
D)MDM software
E)Quantum computing system

Question 23

The development of TCP/IP occurred during the ________ era.

A)cloud and mobile computing
B)general-purpose mainframe and minicomputer
C)client/server era
D)personal computer
E)mainframe

Question 24

The operating system is used to manage the software applications used in business activities.

Question 25

Which of the following is not a part of the IT infrastructure ecosystem found in firms?

A)Consultant and system integrators
B)Internet platforms
C)Operating system platforms
D)Enterprise software applications
E)Virtual reality systems

Question 26

Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS):

A)is one type of cloud computing service where users pay only for the computing capacity they actually use.
B)is a cloud-based service which provides software applications to users on demand.
C)is a cloud-based service that provides a platform for software development.
D)provides users with a service-oriented architecture for their systems.
E)provides cloud users with ubiquitous networking environment.

Question 27

Which of the following is a multitasking,multiuser,operating system developed by Bell Laboratories that operates on a wide variety of computing platforms?

A)Unix
B)Linux
C)OS X
D)COBOL
E)DOS

Question 28

Explain why standards are so important in information technology.What standards have been important for the growth of Internet technologies?

Question 29

All of the following are typically factors in a firm's decision to engage consulting and system integration services except:

A)the firm does not have the staff necessary to deploy and maintain the firm's IT infrastructure.
B)the firm's staff do not have the skills necessary to deploy and maintain the firm's IT infrastructure.
C)The firm does not have the budget to deploy and maintain a firm's IT infrastructure.
D)The firm's staff does not have the necessary experience to deploy and maintain the firm's IT infrastructure.
E)The firm's staff knows more about the firm's IT infrastructure than service providers.

Question 30

It is much harder to eliminate a cloud service than to remove functionality from a company's core internal systems.

Question 31

Exponential growth in the number of transistors and the power of processors is expected to decrease in the foreseeable future.

Question 32

Mobile computing is the fastest growing form of computing.

Question 33

Which of the following is a leading networking hardware provider?

A)Dell
B)Intel
C)Seagate
D)IBM
E)Cisco

Question 34

The Windows Operating System:

A)was an early PC operating system.
B)is used on virtually all tablet and mobile devices today.
C)is a data management application used on PCs.
D)is an operating system used on most Wintel PCs throughout the world.
E)is a web-based operating system for the Internet era.

Question 35

The marketplace for computer hardware:

A)has become increasingly concentrated in top firms.
B)has expanded to include a wide variety of start-up and mobile-computing firms.
C)has moved significantly to Asian firms.
D)has been decimated by mobile and cloud computing.
E)has begun moving away from blade servers.

Question 36

Microsoft is no longer the market leader in client/server networking.

Question 37

Which of the following is the most popular mobile operating system?

A)Linux
B)Android
C)Chrome OS
D)iOS
E)Unix

Question 38

Web hosting services maintain a series of servers and provide fee-paying subscribers with space to maintain their websites.

Question 39

Which of the following is the network standard for connecting desktop computers into local area networks that enabled the widespread adoption of client/server computing and local area networks and further stimulated the adoption of personal computers?

A)TCP/IP
B)COBOL
C)Ethernet
D)ASCII
E)Linux

Question 40

In financial services firms,investments in IT infrastructure represent more than half of all capital invested.

Question 41

Which of the following types of computing involves purchasing computing power from a remote provider and paying only for the computing power used?

A)On-demand
B)Grid
C)Edge
D)Autonomic
E)Quantum

Question 42

Which of the following is a recent addition to the mobile digital platform?

A)Quantum computing devices
B)Wearable computing devices
C)Cloud computing devices
D)Grid computing devices
E)Green computing devices

Question 43

Which of the following is not one of the characteristics of cloud computing,as defined by the U.S.National Institute of Standards and Technology?

A)Ubiquitous network access
B)Location-independent resource pooling
C)On-demand self service
D)Measured service
E)Reduced elasticity

Question 44

Have mainframes disappeared?

Question 45

All of the following are current hardware platform trends except:

A)green computing.
B)virtualization.
C)cloud computing.
D)Unix.
E)quantum computing.

Question 46

Which of the following is not an example of a wearable computing device?

A)Smartwatch
B)Smart glasses
C)Smartphones
D)Activity trackers
E)Smart ID badges

Question 47

All of the following are cloud computing services except:

A)infrastructure as a service.
B)platform as a service.
C)software as a service.
D)on-demand computing.
E)virtualization as a service.

Question 48

Which of the following is not an example of the consumerization of IT?

A)Google Apps
B)Dropbox
C)Facebook
D)Gmail
E)Amazon Web Services

Question 49

Which of the following involves practices and technologies to minimize the environmental effects of manufacturing and managing computing devices?

A)Capacity planning
B)Cloud computing
C)Green computing
D)Utility computing
E)On-demand computing

Question 50

A(n)________ is an integrated circuit which contains two or more processors to enhance performance and reduce power consumption.

A)multicore processor
B)legacy processor
C)scalable processor
D)aggregate circuit
E)green circuit

Question 51

Firms that allow employees to use their own devices are embracing which of the following?

A)Wearable computing
B)Mobile consolidation
C)Cloud computing
D)BYOD
E)Self computing

Question 52

Which of the following is not an example of the mobile digital platform?

A)Tablets
B)Kindle
C)Cell phones
D)CRM
E)Smartwatches

Question 53

Quantum computing is not yet available to the general public.

Question 54

Quantum computing is implemented primarily with enterprise or ISP servers.

Question 55

Which of the following enables a single physical resource (such as a server or a storage device)to appear to the user as multiple logical resources?

A)Cloud computing
B)Autonomic computing
C)Virtualization
D)Multicore processing
E)Ubiquitous computing

Question 56

The ability to be in multiple states at once,dramatically increasing processing power,is a hallmark of:

A)colocation.
B)edge computing.
C)grid computing.
D)utility computing.
E)quantum computing.

Question 57

At what percent of capacity do most servers operate?

A)100%
B)80-90%
C)Approximately 70 percent
D)40-50%
E)15-20%

Question 58

Briefly explain why corporations are increasingly interested in using Unix or Linux for their operating systems.

Question 59

SaaS refers to:

A)supplying online access over networks to storage devices and storage area network technology.
B)managing combinations of applications,networks,systems,storage,and security as well as providing Web site and systems performance monitoring to subscribers over the Internet.
C)self-contained services that communicate with each other to create a working software application.
D)easy-to-use software tools for displaying Web pages.
E)hosting and managing access to software applications delivered over the Internet to clients on a subscription basis.

Question 60

In green computing,reducing computer power consumption is not a top priority.

Question 61

Which of the following is not one of the current software platform trends?

A)Web services and service-oriented architecture
B)Open-source software
C)HTML5
D)Software outsourcing
E)Multicore processors

Question 62

Which type of software is created and updated by a worldwide community of programmers and available for free?

A)Software packages
B)Mashups
C)Outsourced
D)Open source
E)Closed source

Question 63

ZipRealty,which combines Google Maps with real estate data,is an example of:

A)cloud computing.
B)SOA.
C)a widget.
D)a mashup.
E)a web service.

Question 64

________ are created by combining and customizing components from different online software applications.

A)Apps
B)Web browsers
C)SaaS
D)Web services
E)Web mashups

Question 65

Which of the following is the foundation technology for web services?

A)XML
B)HTML
C)SOAP
D)UDDI
E)SCSI

Question 66

What is virtualization and how and why is it used?

Question 67

Prewritten,commercially available sets of software programs that eliminate the need for a firm to write its own software programs for certain functions,are referred to as:

A)software packages.
B)mashups.
C)outsourced software.
D)open-source software.
E)service level agreements.

Question 68

Which of the following refers to a set of self-contained services that communicate with each other to create a working software application?

A)Web services
B)EAI software
C)SOA
D)SOAP
E)Prepackaged software

Question 69

Linux is:

A)primarily concerned with the tasks of end users.
B)designed for specific machines and specific microprocessors.
C)an example of open-source software.
D)especially useful for processing numeric data.
E)poorly suited to power fast computers.

Question 70

The practice of contracting custom software development to an outside firm is commonly referred to as:

A)outsourcing.
B)scaling.
C)service-oriented architecture.
D)application integration.
E)utility computing.

Question 71

Running a Java program on a computer requires:

A)a Java Virtual Machine to be installed on that computer.
B)a Java Virtual Machine to be installed on the server hosting the Java applet.
C)a miniature program to be downloaded to the user's computer.
D)no specialized software,as Java is platform-independent.
E)the Mozilla Firefox browser and no other browsers.

Question 72

________ provides a standard format for data exchange,enabling web services to pass data from one process to another.

A)HTML
B)HTML5
C)Java
D)Chrome OS
E)XML

Question 73

Which of the following statements about Linux is not true?

A)It plays a major role in the back office running local area networks.
B)It is available in free versions downloadable from the Internet.
C)It has garnered 20 percent of the server operating system market.
D)Linux applications are embedded in cell phones,smartphones,netbooks,and other handheld devices.
E)Linux works on all the major hardware platforms.

Question 74

An ad-hoc group of oceanographers needs to set up a system to analyze massive amounts of data on ocean temperatures.The technology and hardware for gathering the data and transmitting the data to a central computer is in place.What additional hardware might they need? What techniques might they use to make their research more efficient and lower costs?

Question 75

A software program with a graphical user interface for displaying web pages and for accessing the web and other Internet resources is called a web:

A)service.
B)client.
C)browser.
D)app.
E)beacon.

Question 76

What are the drawbacks of cloud computing? Do you think these ever outweigh the benefits,and if so,in what cases?

Question 77

Distinguish between cloud computing,green computing,and quantum computing.

Question 78

Sets of loosely coupled software components that exchange information with each other using standard web communication standards and languages are referred to as:

A)web services.
B)EAI software.
C)SOA.
D)SOAP.
E)SaaS.

Question 79

A formal contract between customers and their service providers that outlines the specific responsibilities of the service provider and to the customer is called a(n):

A)SOA.
B)SLA.
C)TCO.
D)RFQ.
E)SaaS.

Question 80

What are the essential characteristics of cloud computing?