Deck 54: A: the Biomedical Therapies

Question 1

Antidepressant drugs have been found to be less effective than originally thought in large part because patient improvement often results from both spontaneous recovery and

A) the double-blind procedure.
B) the placebo effect.
C) free association.
D) long-term potentiation.

Answer 1

the placebo effect.

Question 2

Prozac, Zoloft, and Paxil are called SSRIs because they

A) speed recovery from episodes of depression.
B) slow the normal reabsorption of excess serotonin from synapses.
C) successfully level the emotional highs and lows of bipolar disorder.
D) stimulate the release of norepinephrine into the bloodstream.

Answer 2

slow the normal reabsorption of excess serotonin from synapses.

Question 3

Of the following individuals, who is most likely to benefit from therapeutic drugs that block receptor sites for dopamine?

A) Amir, who complains about feeling tense and fearful most of the time but doesn't know why
B) Matthew, who feels hopeless and lethargic after losing his job
C) Betsy, who hears imaginary voices telling her she will soon be killed
D) Marcella, who is so obsessed with fear of a heart attack that she frequently counts her heartbeats aloud

Answer 3

Betsy, who hears imaginary voices telling her she will soon be killed

Question 4

Dr. Volz is a researcher who wants to distinguish between the direct effects of a new antianxiety medication and effects arising from expectations of the drug's effectiveness. Dr. Volz is most likely to use a method known as

A) the double-blind procedure.
B) meta-analysis.
C) EMDR.
D) virtual reality exposure therapy.

Question 5

Dual-action antidepressant drugs work by increasing the availability of

A) dopamine and acetylcholine.
B) serotonin and dopamine.
C) acetylcholine and norepinephrine.
D) norepinephrine and serotonin.

Question 6

Antipsychotic drugs have proved helpful in the treatment of

A) dissociative disorders.
B) schizophrenia.
C) depression.
D) anxiety disorders.

Question 7

Unpleasant withdrawal symptoms following the discontinued use of an antianxiety drug are indicative of

A) rTMS.
B) neurogenesis.
C) tardive dyskinesia.
D) addiction.

Question 8

Selective-serotonin-reuptake-inhibitors are prescribed to

A) reduce involuntary muscle movements.
B) reduce hallucinations and paranoia.
C) elevate arousal and mood.
D) decrease the availability of norepinephrine.

Question 9

Alex feels so hopeless and depressed that he has recently thought about taking his own life. The drug most likely to prove beneficial to him is

A) Ativan.
B) Prozac.
C) Xanax.
D) Thorazine.

Question 10

The double-blind procedure involves

A) the avoidance of eye contact between patient and therapist during free association.
B) a research method in which neither patients nor health care staff know whether a given patient is receiving a drug or a placebo.
C) the simultaneous use of two or more therapeutic treatments in the hope that at least one will be effective.
D) replacing a positive response to a harmful stimulus with a negative response.

Question 11

Which drugs are designed to depress central nervous system activity?

A) antipsychotic drugs
B) antianxiety drugs
C) antidepressant drugs
D) mood-stabilizing drugs

Question 12

Which drug dampens responsiveness to irrelevant stimuli in schizophrenia patients with positive symptoms?

A) lithium
B) D-cycloserine
C) chlorpromazine
D) Ativan

Question 13

The treatment of depression with ECT and SSRIs best illustrates

A) biomedical therapy.
B) cognitive-behavioral therapy.
C) psychodynamic therapy.
D) client-centered therapy.

Question 14

Prozac, Zoloft, and Paxil are called

A) antipsychotic drugs.
B) mood-stabilizing drugs.
C) antianxiety drugs.
D) SSRIs.

Question 15

The study of the effect of drugs on mind and behavior is called

A) psychosurgery.
B) psychobiology.
C) ECT.
D) psychopharmacology.

Question 16

The biomedical treatment most widely used today is

A) electroconvulsive therapy.
B) psychosurgery.
C) drug therapy.
D) rTMS.

Question 17

Which drug enhances the benefits of exposure therapy and helps relieve the symptoms of PTSD and OCD?

A) Risperdal
B) Depakote
C) Thorazine
D) D-cycloserine

Question 18

Long-term use of certain antipsychotic drugs can produce involuntary movements of the facial muscles, tongue, and limbs. This menacing condition is known as

A) serotonin reuptake inhibition.
B) tardive dyskinesia.
C) Parkinson's disease.
D) neurogenesis.

Question 19

Although many of the newer-generation antipsychotics such as Risperdal are less likely to produce disturbing tremors and twitches, these drugs may increase the risk of

A) regression toward the mean.
B) memory loss.
C) panic disorder.
D) obesity.

Question 20

To help an adult client overcome fears of venturing out of his own home, Dr. Ricci plans to use behavior therapy in combination with drug therapy. Which of the following drugs would Dr. Ricci be most likely to prescribe?

A) lithium
B) Depakote
C) Ativan
D) Thorazine

Question 21

Compared with ECT, rTMS is ________ likely to produce seizures and ________ likely to produce memory loss.

A) more; more
B) less; less
C) more; less
D) less; more

Question 22

Deep-brain stimulation is a form of

A) psychodynamic therapy.
B) cognitive therapy.
C) behavior therapy.
D) biomedical therapy.

Question 23

Surgically cutting the nerves connecting the frontal lobes to the emotion-controlling centers of the inner brain is called

A) psychopharmacology.
B) neurogenesis.
C) a lobotomy.
D) ECT.

Question 24

Lithium has been found to be especially effective in the treatment of

A) anxiety disorders.
B) schizophrenia.
C) dissociative disorders.
D) bipolar disorder.

Question 25

It has been suggested that the effectiveness of ________ results from energizing the left frontal lobe of the brain.

A) EEG
B) rTMS
C) EMDR
D) REBT

Question 26

Which psychosurgical procedure was designed to calm uncontrollably emotional or violent patients?

A) electroconvulsive therapy
B) the double-blind technique
C) lobotomy
D) systematic desensitization

Question 27

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation shows greatest promise for the treatment of

A) schizophrenia.
B) phobias.
C) depression.
D) PTSD.

Question 28

Though not performed today, lobotomies provide a historical example of

A) psychosurgery.
B) aversive conditioning.
C) electroconvulsive therapy.
D) systematic desensitization.

Question 29

Using implanted electrodes to inhibit activity in an area of the brain that triggers negative emotions is called

A) EMDR.
B) deep-brain stimulation.
C) electroconvulsive therapy.
D) repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation.

Question 30

Which of the following procedures has typically resulted in patients becoming permanently lethargic?

A) EMDR
B) electroconvulsive therapy
C) a lobotomy
D) repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation

Question 31

Depakote, a drug originally used to treat epilepsy, more recently has been found to be effective in the control of

A) tardive dyskinesia.
B) auditory hallucinations.
C) manic episodes.
D) phobias.

Question 32

Aerobic exercise, adequate sleep, light exposure, and social engagement are important components of

A) psychopharmacology.
B) systematic desensitization.
C) unconditional positive regard.
D) therapeutic lifestyle change.

Question 33

Which of the following individuals is most likely to benefit from electroconvulsive therapy?

A) Mark, who feels so depressed that he recently tried to commit suicide
B) Mary, who suffers from amnesia and has lost her sense of identity
C) Jim, who experiences visual hallucinations and suffers from a delusion that enemy spies are following him
D) Luke, who suffers from a compulsion to wash his hands at least once every 15 minutes

Question 34

Electroconvulsive therapy appears to promote

A) systematic desensitization.
B) tardive dyskinesia.
C) meta-analysis.
D) neurogenesis.

Question 35

Mr. McCardle's excessive feelings of helplessness and despondency are periodically interrupted by episodes in which he experiences extreme feelings of personal power and a grandiose optimism about his future. Which drug would most likely be prescribed to alleviate his symptoms?

A) Ativan
B) Thorazine
C) Xanax
D) lithium

Question 36

Antidepressant drugs, a fresh perspective on his problems, and a strong therapeutic alliance all contributed to helping David recover from a major depressive disorder. An integrated understanding of David's recovery process is best provided by

A) psychoanalysis.
B) the medical model.
C) a biopsychosocial approach.
D) a client-centered perspective.

Question 37

Which of the following treatments is most likely to be used only with severely depressed patients who have not responded to drug therapy?

A) systematic desensitization
B) electroconvulsive therapy
C) psychoanalysis
D) EMDR