Deck 49: A: Mood Disorders

Question 1

Adults who experience a mildly depressed mood more often than not for at least two years are diagnosed with

A) bipolar disorder.
B) major depressive disorder.
C) dysthymia.
D) antisocial personality disorder.

Answer 1

dysthymia.

Question 2

Norby, an 18-year-old first-year university student, has missed almost all his classes during the past month. He spends most of his time in his bedroom, frequently not even bothering to get dressed or eat meals. He thinks his whole life has been a failure and blames himself for being a social misfit. Norby is most likely suffering from

A) major depressive disorder.
B) antisocial personality disorder.
C) a seasonal pattern of symptoms.
D) bipolar disorder.

Answer 2

major depressive disorder.

Question 3

Compared with those whose occupations require precision and logic, those whose occupations rely on emotional expression and vivid imagery are more likely to experience

A) personality disorder.
B) bipolar disorder.
C) OCD.
D) PTSD.

Answer 3

bipolar disorder.

Question 4

Compared with men, women are much more likely to be diagnosed as suffering from

A) antisocial personality disorder.
B) a bipolar disorder.
C) alcohol use disorder.
D) depression.

Question 5

Which of the following disorders typically occurs in periodic episodes that eventually terminate by themselves even without professional help?

A) generalized anxiety disorder
B) obsessive-compulsive disorder
C) major depressive disorder
D) antisocial personality disorder

Question 6

Major depressive disorder is said to occur when five or more symptoms, including a depressed mood, last at least

A) one week.
B) two weeks.
C) two months.
D) four months.

Question 7

The incidence of major depression is greatest among those

A) reared together with a nontwin sibling who suffers the disorder.
B) reared apart from a fraternal twin who suffers the disorder.
C) reared together with a fraternal twin who suffers the disorder.
D) reared apart from an identical twin who suffers the disorder.

Question 8

Stressful life events like the loss of a job are most likely to increase one's risk of

A) bipolar disorder.
B) depression.
C) antisocial personality disorder.
D) social anxiety disorder.

Question 9

Suicide rates are ________ among the rich than the poor, and they are ________ among young men than old men.

A) higher; higher
B) lower; lower
C) higher; lower
D) lower; higher

Question 10

Recovery from a major depressive episode is likely to be permanent the ________ the first episodes appears and the ________ the number of previous episodes.

A) earlier; fewer
B) earlier; greater
C) later; fewer
D) later; greater

Question 11

Psychological disorders characterized by emotional extremes are called

A) obsessive-compulsive disorders.
B) personality disorders.
C) dissociative disorders.
D) mood disorders.

Question 12

Such behaviors as cutting one's skin, hitting oneself, or pulling one's hair out are examples of

A) post-traumatic stress disorder.
B) nonsuicidal self-injury.
C) dissociative disorder.
D) attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

Question 13

Mania is most likely to be characterized by feelings of

A) guilt.
B) fear.
C) elation.
D) indifference.

Question 14

Compared with those who suffer no disorder, those who abuse alcohol have a ________ risk of committing suicide. Compared with the general population, those who have been depressed have a ________ risk of committing suicide.

A) higher; higher
B) lower; lower
C) higher; lower
D) lower; higher

Question 15

Women are ________ likely than men to attempt suicide. Men are ________ likely than women to actually end their lives.

A) more; more
B) less; less
C) more; less
D) less; more

Question 16

Changes in the DSM-5 will likely reduce the number of children and adolescents diagnosed with

A) phobias.
B) bipolar disorder.
C) personality disorder.
D) seasonal bouts of depression and mania.

Question 17

The number one reason people seek mental health services is

A) phobia.
B) mania.
C) depression.
D) bipolar disorder.

Question 18

Which of the following disorders is classified as a mood disorder?

A) catatonia
B) bipolar disorder
C) generalized anxiety disorder
D) agoraphobia

Question 19

Mania is most likely to be experienced by those suffering

A) a panic attack.
B) bipolar disorder.
C) anxiety disorder.
D) dissociative disorder.

Question 20

After several weeks of feeling apathetic and dissatisfied with his life, Mark has suddenly become extremely cheerful and so talkative he can't be interrupted. He seems to need less sleep and becomes irritated when his friends tell him to slow down. Mark's behavior is indicative of

A) anxiety disorder.
B) a phobia.
C) bipolar disorder.
D) OCD.

Question 21

In terms of neurotransmitter levels, depression is associated with

A) high norepinephrine levels and low serotonin levels.
B) low norepinephrine levels and high serotonin levels.
C) high norepinephrine levels and high serotonin levels.
D) low norepinephrine levels and low serotonin levels.

Question 22

The vicious cycle of depression is often initiated by

A) unrealistic optimism.
B) excessive levels of norepinephrine.
C) stressful life experiences.
D) external attributions of blame.

Question 23

Learned helplessness is most closely associated with

A) depression.
B) mania.
C) compulsions.
D) personality disorder.

Question 24

A therapist believes that Chet is chronically depressed because he takes too little credit for his many achievements and assumes too much responsibility for his few failures. The therapist's interpretation reflects a ________ perspective.

A) psychoanalytic
B) social-cognitive
C) humanistic
D) biological

Question 25

Self-blaming attributions are most likely to be associated with

A) substance use.
B) mania.
C) phobias.
D) depression.

Question 26

Relieving guilt through self-punishment is one of the motives for

A) bipolar disorder.
B) agoraphobia.
C) nonsuicidal self-injury.
D) dissociative disorder.

Question 27

Research suggests that women are more vulnerable to depression than men because women tend to overthink, to linger mentally on negative events. This suggestion best illustrates a ________ perspective.

A) learning
B) biological
C) psychoanalytic
D) social-cognitive

Question 28

Failures are most likely to lead to depression if they are explained in terms that are

A) internal, temporary, and specific.
B) external, temporary, and global.
C) internal, stable, and global.
D) external, stable, and specific.

Question 29

People who eat a "Mediterranean Diet" that is heavy on vegetables, fish, and olive oil have a comparatively low risk of developing

A) depression.
B) an eating disorder.
C) mania.
D) personality disorder.

Question 30

One way for people to break the vicious cycle of depression is to

A) accept more personal responsibility for their own bad moods.
B) spend more time in quiet rest, seclusion, and personal meditation.
C) frequently talk to their friends about their negative thoughts and depressive feelings.
D) participate more often in activities they consider pleasant and rewarding.

Question 31

To identify genes that put people at risk for depression, researchers have used

A) fMRI scans.
B) linkage analysis.
C) PET scans.
D) the DSM-5.

Question 32

The rise of Western individualism appears most clearly responsible for an increase in

A) depression.
B) generalized anxiety disorder.
C) personality disorders.
D) bipolar disorder.

Question 33

Severely depressed individuals are especially likely to show reduced brain activity in the

A) right frontal lobe.
B) left frontal lobe.
C) right occipital lobe.
D) left occipital lobe.