Deck 9: Hypnosis

Question 1

Those who believe that hypnosis is a social phenomenon argue that "hypnotized" individuals are

A) consciously faking their behavior.
B) merely acting out a role.
C) underachievers striving to please the hypnotist.
D) doing all of these things.

Answer 1

merely acting out a role.

Question 2

Research indicates that memories retrieved during hypnosis are

A) forgotten again as soon as the person awakens from the hypnotic state.
B) accurate recollections of information previously learned.
C) experienced as being inaccurate even when they are true.
D) often a combination of fact and fiction.

Answer 2

often a combination of fact and fiction.

Question 3

Hypnosis involves a state of

A) increased physical stamina.
B) heightened openness to suggestion.
C) improved perceptual skills.
D) elevated autonomic arousal.

Answer 3

heightened openness to suggestion.

Question 4

A sense of relaxation is most likely to be associated with

A) hallucinations.
B) role playing.
C) divided consciousness.
D) hypnotic induction.

Question 5

The claim that hypnotic phenomena are regulated by normal conscious processes is associated with the theory that hypnosis reflects the power of

A) parallel processing.
B) dissociation.
C) selective attention.
D) social influence.

Question 6

Dissociation has been used as an explanation for

A) memory retrieval.
B) social influence.
C) hypnotic pain relief.
D) role playing.

Question 7

In one study, both hypnotized and unhypnotized subjects were told to throw acid in a researcher's face. In this experiment, hypnotized people

A) usually refused to engage in antisocial behavior.
B) behaved in the same fashion as unhypnotized individuals.
C) were easily influenced to act against their own will.
D) experienced much more anxiety than unhypnotized individuals.

Question 8

The divided-consciousness theory of hypnosis states that hypnosis involves

A) role playing.
B) dissociation.
C) strong motivation.
D) sleep.

Question 9

People can be hypnotically induced to

A) surpass their normal waking levels of physical strength and stamina.
B) perform dangerous acts that they would not perform in a normal state.
C) recall correctly almost anything that has ever happened to them.
D) report little pain from placing their arms in an ice bath.

Question 10

Which theory suggests that hypnosis involves inducing someone to enact the role of a hypnotic subject?

A) neural activation theory
B) dissociation theory
C) social influence theory
D) wish-fulfillment theory

Question 11

Researchers are most likely to question the value of hypnosis for

A) reducing fear.
B) enhancing memory.
C) relieving pain.
D) facilitating relaxation.

Question 12

Just prior to awakening Chinua from a hypnotic state, the therapist told him that during the next few days he would feel nauseous whenever he reached for a cigarette. Chinua's therapist was attempting to make use of

A) social influence.
B) posthypnotic suggestion.
C) dissociation.
D) hypnotic induction.

Question 13

As a form of therapy for relieving problems such as drug addiction, hypnosis is

A) ineffective.
B) no more effective than positive suggestions given without hypnosis.
C) highly effective.
D) more effective with adults than children.

Question 14

Which of the following statements concerning hypnosis is true?

A) People will do anything under hypnosis.
B) Hypnosis is the same as sleeping.
C) Hypnosis is in part an extension of the division between conscious awareness and automatic behavior.
D) Hypnosis improves memory recall.

Question 15

Research indicates that hypnotherapy is especially helpful for the treatment of

A) obesity.
B) nail biting.
C) alcohol abuse.
D) smoking addictions.

Question 16

According to Hilgard, hypnosis is

A) no different from a state of heightened motivation.
B) the same as dreaming.
C) a dissociation between different levels of consciousness.
D) a form of deep sleep.

Question 17

Among those informed that their bodies are swaying, postural sway is indicative of

A) dissociation.
B) posthypnotic suggestion.
C) hypnotic ability.
D) autonomic arousal.

Question 18

Hypnotic responsiveness is

A) the same in all people.
B) generally greater in women than men.
C) generally greater in men than women.
D) greater when people are led to expect it.

Question 19

In an experiment, hypnotized subjects are told to scratch their ear if they hear the word psychology mentioned later. The fact that they do so only if they think the experiment is still under way most clearly supports the theory that hypnosis involves

A) dissociation.
B) neuroadaptation.
C) role playing.
D) hypnagogic sensations.

Question 20

Research on susceptibility to hypnosis indicates that

A) very few people can actually be hypnotized.
B) people who are most easily hypnotized usually have difficulty paying attention to their own personal thoughts and feelings.
C) how well a person responds to hypnotic suggestion depends primarily on the skill and experience of the hypnotist.
D) people who are highly responsive to hypnotic suggestion tend to become absorbed in imaginative activities.

Question 21

If highly hypnotizable people are no better than others at simultaneously reading a book and listening to music, this would most clearly challenge

A) dissociation theory.
B) neural activation theory.
C) Freud's dream theory.
D) social influence theory.

Question 22

The claim that hypnotic phenomena occur outside our normal awareness is associated with the theory that hypnosis involves

A) susceptibility.
B) dissociation.
C) social influence.
D) role playing.

Question 23

Orne and Evans discovered that unhypnotized subjects performed the same dangerous acts as hypnotized subjects. This finding is most consistent with the theory that hypnosis involves

A) posthypnotic suggestion.
B) dissociation.
C) selective attention.
D) conscious role playing.

Question 24

Suppose that hypnotized adults who are encouraged to behave like children are no more genuinely childlike than unhypnotized adults who are encouraged to act in a childlike behavior. This fact most clearly supports the theory that hypnosis involves

A) selective attention.
B) social influence.
C) neural activation.
D) dissociation.

Question 25

A good friend of yours hopes that hypnosis will improve his memory and help him study longer and more effectively. He worries, however, that he might not be easily hypnotized. Your mother hopes that hypnosis will help relieve her arthritis pain but fears that under hypnosis she might do something embarrassing. Discuss the extent to which the hopes and fears of your friend and your mother are realistic. Where appropriate, use research evidence to support your conclusions.

Question 26

A split in consciousness in which some thoughts occur simultaneously with and yet separately from other thoughts is called

A) hypnotic susceptibility.
B) dissociation.
C) conscious role playing.
D) posthypnotic suggestion.

Question 27

Understanding hypnosis in terms of focused attention, distinctive brain activity, and the presence of an authoritative presence in a legitimate context, requires an integrated ________ approach.

A) dissociative
B) neural activation
C) biopsychosocial
D) social influence

Question 28

One plausible theory suggests that hypnotic pain relief may result from

A) selective attention.
B) blocking sensory input.
C) speeding up our daily rhythm.
D) eliciting brain waves characteristic of sleep.