Deck 10: Urinary System

Question 1

A major waste product found in the urine of a normal individual is:

A) blood.
B) protein.
C) sugar.
D) urea.

Answer 1

urea.

Question 2

A hereditary disorder characterized by hundreds of fluid-filled cysts throughout both kidneys is:

A) glomerulonephritis.
B) nephrosis.
C) polycystic kidney disease.
D) polyuria.

Answer 2

polycystic kidney disease.

Question 3

Downward displacement of the kidney is:

A) nephrolith.
B) nephropexy.
C) nephroptosis.
D) nephrostomy.

Answer 3

nephroptosis.

Question 4

Diffusing blood through a membrane to remove wastes and maintain the proper balance is called:

A) dieresis.
B) hematuria.
C) hemodialysis.
D) uremia.

Question 5

Blood in the urine is called:

A) albuminuria.
B) hematuria.
C) ketonuria.
D) uremia.

Question 6

A condition in which there are degenerative but not inflammatory changes in the kidneys is called:

A) catheterization.
B) nephritis.
C) nephrosis.
D) percutaneous nephrostomy.

Question 7

The name of the functional unit of the kidney is:

A) glomerulus.
B) nephron.
C) tubule.
D) ureter.

Question 8

Surgical incision of the kidney to remove a stone from the renal pelvis is:

A) lithotripsy.
B) lithotrite.
C) pyelolithotomy.
D) ureterolithectomy.

Question 9

A term that means increasing urination is:

A) dialysis.
B) diuretic.
C) polycystic.
D) urinalysis.

Question 10

Cystoscopy is:

A) an instrument to view inside the bladder.
B) cutting into a cyst.
C) visual examination of the urinary bladder.
D) excision of a cyst.

Question 11

A surgical procedure that is used to correct nephroptosis is called:

A) nephrocentesis.
B) nephropexy.
C) nephrostomy.
D) nephrotomy.

Question 12

Surgical creation of a new opening into the bladder is called:

A) biopsy.
B) cystectomy.
C) cystostomy.
D) nephrostomy.

Question 13

The term renal pertains to:

A) the bladder.
B) the kidney.
C) urine.
D) urination.

Question 14

The term for painful, burning urination is:

A) diuresis.
B) dysuria.
C) nephrolithiasis.
D) voiding.

Question 15

Enlargement of both kidneys is called:

A) bilateral nephromalacia.
B) bilateral nephromegaly.
C) unilateral nephromalacia.
D) unilateral nephromegaly.

Question 16

Excretion is the:

A) elimination of body wastes.
B) same as dialysis.
C) same as exhalation.
D) same as urination.

Question 17

A condition marked by the presence of kidney stones is:

A) nephritis.
B) nephrolithiasis.
C) nephromalacia.
D) nephroptosis.

Question 18

A toxic condition of the body that is associated with failure of the kidneys to function properly is:

A) hematuria.
B) incontinence.
C) pyuria.
D) uremia.

Question 19

An agent that causes increased urination is a:

A) dialysis.
B) diuresis.
C) diuretic.
D) glomerulus.

Question 20

A procedure in which a fiberoptic instrument is used for direct visualization of the kidney is:

A) nephroscopy.
B) nephrosonography.
C) peritoneal dialysis.
D) urography.

Question 21

Removal of tissue from the bladder by using a needle inserted through the skin overlying the bladder is called a:

A) cystourethrogram.
B) cystorrhaphy.
C) cystotomy.
D) percutaneous bladder biopsy.

Question 22

Absence of urination or production of less than 100 mL of urine per day is:

A) anuria.
B) hematuria.
C) hypoxia.
D) uremia.

Question 23

Urinary incontinence is:

A) complete failure of the kidney to perform its function.
B) the inability to empty the bladder.
C) the inability to hold urine in the bladder.
D) only partial functioning of the kidney.

Question 24

An instrument that is used to crush bladder stones is a:

A) cystolithotripsy.
B) lithotripe.
C) lithotripsy.
D) lithotrite.

Question 25

A term that means destructive to kidney tissue is:

A) historrhexis.
B) nephromalacia.
C) nephrosclerotic.
D) nephrotoxic.

Question 26

An increased concentration of a particular type of protein in the urine is:

A) albuminuria.
B) glycosuria.
C) hematuria.
D) pyuria.

Question 27

A diminished capacity to form and pass urine (less than 500 mL per day) is called:

A) anuria.
B) dysuria.
C) oliguria.
D) polyuria.

Question 28

Surgical crushing of a stone is called:

A) lithotripter.
B) lithotomy.
C) lithotripsy.
D) nephrolithotomy.

Question 29

Pus in the urine is called:

A) albuminuria.
B) hematuria.
C) pyuria.
D) uremia.

Question 30

A substance in the blood that provides a rough estimate of kidney function is the:

A) blood sugar.
B) blood urea nitrogen.
C) red blood cells.
D) white blood cells.

Question 31

A record of the bladder and urethra obtained by filling the bladder with contrast material and taking radiographs while the patient is expelling urine is a:

A) cystic sonogram.
B) cystic tomogram.
C) percutaneous biopsy.
D) voiding cystourethrogram.

Question 32

A general term for a test performed in the laboratory on urine is:

A) dialysis.
B) diuresis.
C) urinalysis.
D) urology.

Question 33

Creation of a new opening into the renal pelvis, usually done to drain urine from the kidney, is called:

A) cystostomy.
B) nephrostomy.
C) pyeloplasty.
D) pyelotomy.

Question 34

A term for excessive secretion and discharge of urine is:

A) polyuria.
B) pyuria.
C) renal failure.
D) urination.

Question 35

Surgical repair of one of the tubes that carries urine from the kidney to the bladder is:

A) ureteropexy.
B) urethropexy.
C) ureteroplasty.
D) urethroplasty.

Question 36

Urinary retention is:

A) complete failure of the kidney.
B) inability to empty the bladder.
C) inability to hold urine in the bladder.
D) partial functioning of the kidney.

Question 37

A term that means pertaining to the urethra is:

A) ureteral.
B) urethreal.
C) urethral.
D) urethrism.

Question 38

Cystitis is:

A) inflammation of the bladder.
B) not a urinary tract infection.
C) the most serious type of urinary tract infection.
D) the same as a kidney infection.

Question 39

Sugar in the urine is termed:

A) glycosuria.
B) hematuria.
C) proteinuria.
D) pyuria.

Question 40

The term for a tumor found on mucosal surfaces such as the inner lining of the bladder is:

A) albumin.
B) calculus.
C) glomerulus.
D) polyp.

Question 41

The presence of protein in the urine is termed:

A) proteinemia.
B) proteinuria.
C) urinalysis.
D) urology.

Question 42

An x-ray series using contrast medium injected into a vein provides information about the structure and function of the kidney, ureters, and bladder. This test is referred to as:

A) intravenous urography.
B) nephrotomography.
C) retrograde urography.
D) voiding cystourethrography.

Question 43

A bladder hernia that protrudes into the vagina is a:

A) bladder polyp.
B) cystocele.
C) pyelolith.
D) vaginal fissure.

Question 44

Incision of the kidney to remove a calculus is called a:

A) nephrectomy.
B) nephrolithotomy.
C) nephrotomy.
D) nephrotripsy.

Question 45

A 63-year-old woman with bladder cancer has her bladder removed. What is the name of this surgical procedure?

A) Cholecystectomy
B) Cystectomy
C) Nephrectomy
D) Urethrectomy

Question 46

Using ultrasound to study the kidney is called:

A) nephrosonography.
B) nephrotomography.
C) nephrotripsy.
D) pyelography.

Question 47

Red blood cell production is possible due to the release of which hormone by the kidney?

A) Erythropoietin
B) Proteinuria
C) Pyuria
D) Urea

Question 48

The kidneys of a 62-year-old man no longer function properly. His physician recommends a special procedure whereby a solution is introduced into the abdominal cavity, and then removed, to help with the filtration process, called:

A) diuresis.
B) hemodialysis.
C) percutaneous nephrostomy.
D) peritoneal dialysis.

Question 49

A nephrologist uses which instrument for surgical crushing of kidney stones?

A) Hematuria
B) Hemodialysis
C) Lithotripsy
D) Lithotrite

Question 50

Softening of the kidney is called:

A) nephromalacia.
B) nephrosclerosis.
C) nephrorrhexis.
D) nephrosis.

Question 51

A 24-year-old man has urinary stones in the renal pelvis. The term that refers to these stones is:

A) cholelithiasis.
B) cystolithiasis.
C) ureterolithiasis.
D) urolithiasis.

Question 52

Passage of a tubular, flexible instrument into a body channel or cavity for introduction or withdrawal of fluid is called:

A) catheterization.
B) cystostomy.
C) lithotripsy.
D) tracheotomy.

Question 53

A type of nephritis in which the glomeruli of the kidney are inflamed is called:

A) glomerulonephritis.
B) nephrolithiasis.
C) nephrosis.
D) polycystic kidney disease.

Question 54

A physician is concerned with the functioning of a patient's kidneys. She orders a sectional radiographic examination of the kidneys using contrast dyes. An image that result is referred to as a:

A) cholecystogram.
B) cystogram.
C) nephrotomogram.
D) renal arteriogram.

Question 55

The part of the nephron that filters the blood is the:

A) collecting duct.
B) glomerulus.
C) loop of Henle.
D) tubule.

Question 56

An x-ray film of the kidneys and ureters produced after injection of radiopaque material into a vein is called an intravenous:

A) urogram.
B) venogram.
C) urethrogram.
D) urethrograph.

Question 57

A 32-year-old woman has kidney stones. Which is the proper term for a kidney stone?

A) Cystolith
B) Nephrolith
C) Lithotripsy
D) Lithtrite

Question 58

A patient who is undergoing renal lithotripsy using shock waves may be undergoing which procedure?

A) Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL)
B) Glomerulonephral shock wave lithotripsy (GSWL)
C) Nephral shock wave lithotripsy (NSWL)
D) Transurethral shock wave lithotripsy (TSWL)

Question 59

A 72-year-old man suffers urethral obstruction and requires surgical creation of a new opening into the bladder for drainage. What is the term for this surgical procedure?

A) Cholecystostomy
B) Cystostomy
C) Nephrostomy
D) Urethrostomy

Question 60

The instrument used in cystoscopy is a:

A) cystogram.
B) cystograph.
C) cystoscope.
D) cystotome.

Question 61

_________ means pertaining to the bladder.

Question 62

In _________________, small pieces of tissue from a nearby structure are removed through the wall of the urethra.

Question 63

Which system eliminates waste products that accumulate as a result of cellular metabolism?

A) Cystic
B) Diuretic
C) Renal
D) Urinary

Question 64

_________ is defined as inflammation of the kidney.

Question 65

The combining form _______ means renal pelvis.

Question 66

The act of voiding is referred to as __________.

Question 67

The surgical fixation of the kidney is called __________.

Question 68

A surgical incision of the kidney is called:

A) cystotomy.
B) nephrotomy.
C) pyelotomy.
D) renotomy.

Question 69

Removal of impurities from the blood is referred to as:

A) diuresis.
B) hemodialysis.
C) peritoneal dialysis.
D) renal insufficiency.

Question 70

Which of the following involves radiologic examination of the renal pelvis and ureter after injection of a contrast medium into the renal pelvis and is an alternative to intravenous urography?

A) Intravenous urography
B) Retrograde urography
C) Suprapubic radiography
D) Transurethral radiography

Question 71

Four methods are used for urinary diversion. Three are forms of catheterization: urethral, ureteral, and suprapubic catheterization. What is the fourth method of urinary diversion?

A) Nephrectomy
B) Percutaneous nephrostomy
C) Percutaneous renal biopsy
D) Transurethral resection

Question 72

Inflammation of the renal pelvis is referred to as _________.

Question 73

Ketones in the urine is known as _________.

Question 74

An instrument used in catheterization is called a(n) _________.

Question 75

A patient with a spinal cord injury had a(n) _____ catheter placed in the bladder through a small incision or puncture of the abdominal wall approximately 1 inch above the symphysis pubis.

A) Foley
B) suprapubic
C) ureteral
D) urethral

Question 76

X-ray series following injection of a contrast medium into the renal arteries provide radiologists with valuable information about arterial blood supply to the kidneys. An image that results from this procedure is known as a:

A) cystogram.
B) nephrotomogram.
C) pyelogram.
D) renal arteriogram.

Question 77

A physician who specializes in the urinary tract is referred to as a(n):

A) cystologist.
B) nephrologist.
C) urethrologist.
D) urologist.

Question 78

A renal arteriogram can show a narrowing or constriction, or __________, of the renal arteries.

A) hemorrhage
B) herniation
C) stenosis
D) prolapse

Question 79

A 73-year-old man underwent which procedure to remove part of his prostate due to benign prostatic hyperplasia?

A) Laparoscopic pyelectomy
B) Percutaneous nephrectomy
C) Retrograde resection
D) Transurethral resection

Question 80

A fiberoptic instrument for viewing the kidney is called a(n) ____________.