Deck 11: Autism Spectrum Disorders

Question 1

Hristo is a student with autism who is having great difficulty with routines at home and school. One method that research has shown to be effective in helping Hristo with transitions is

A) nothing. Hristo will get used to the transition.
B) structured visual cues.
C) unstructured verbal and visual cues.
D) auditory stimulation.

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Pervasive developmental disorders, autism, and Asperger's syndrome are categorized as Autism spectrum disorders.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

The ratio of males to females with autism is as high as

A) 10 to 2.
B) 5 to 1.
C) 2 to 1.
D) 10 to 1.

Answer 3

B

Question 4

As an IEP team member for a student with ASD, how should you react when other team members suggest using medication to deal with the symptoms of the disability?

A) No, medication should only be used as a last resort.
B) No, medication has not been shown to be effective at all.
C) Yes, medication can solve the problems.
D) Perhaps, as a part of a multicomponent treatment plan.

Question 5

Which of the following characteristics may suggest to parents that their child has ASD?

A) Intense need for physical contact
B) Unusual stereotypical speech, such as echolalia
C) Rigid when held
D) Excessive random crying

Question 6

A principle used in Applied Behavioral Analysis is to break a large task into small, manageable steps and then reinforce successive approximations to the goal.

Question 7

The condition called autism spectrum disorder includes the term(s)

A) autism.
B) Asperger's Syndrome.
C) pervasive developmental disorder.
D) autism, Asperger's Syndrome, and pervasive developmental disorder.

Question 8

Behavioral treatment has been used effectively for

A) teaching math.
B) curing autism.
C) prompting decreases in problem behaviors and potential improvement of survival skills.
D) teaching social studies and composition.

Question 9

Stereotypic behavior and self-stimulation in individuals with ASD is well understood and extremely helpful.

Question 10

The Center for Disease Control and Prevention estimates the prevalence of autism at about per children.
A) 22; 1,000

A) one; 68
B) one; 42
C) five; 143

Question 11

Students with ASD demonstrate similar characteristics and educational needs so every student will need special education.

Question 12

Darja's teacher reports that she is constantly flicking his hands in front of her face and rocking in her chair. This is an example of

A) self-determination.
B) maladaptive behavior.
C) adaptive behavior.
D) self-stimulation.

Question 13

The IDEA definition of autism employs .

A) significant disability affecting verbal and nonverbal communication and social interactions
B) ?a serious emotional disturbance
C) desire for change in daily routines
D) codependency

Question 14

Fixated interests are a characteristic associated with autism. Which statement best describes this characteristic?

A) Fixated interests commonly appear in people with autism.
B) Fixated interests or preservation only appear in individuals with autism who are lower functioning.
C) Fixated interests can become self-injurious.
D) Fixated interests keep individuals with autism busy and out of trouble.

Question 15

Autism first began to appear in research literature in the

A) 1980s.
B) first half of the twentieth century.
C) second half of the twentieth century.
D) 1950s.

Question 16

The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) includes autism as a category of disability.

Question 17

Ms. Astin received a file for a new student. In the file the student is labeled as having autism, but Ms. Astin has spent several days with the student, and many of the serious social skill deficits one might expect from a student with autism have not been evident. Whose responsibility is it to determine if the student qualifies for services under the educational classification of autism, under another category, or if the student qualifies for services under Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act?

A) The parents of the student social interactions
B) Ms. Austin
C) The multidisciplinary team
D) A medical professional

Question 18

Social skill interventions are critical to teach to students with ASD because

A) it is necessary for an accurate diagnosis of the student.
B) these students are likely targets for bullying.
C) technology assistance is not recommended.
D) positive behavior intervention and support (PBIS) aims to increase barriers for children.

Question 19

As a member of Sven's IEP team, you would recommend that the IEP for a student with autism should have as its central component

A) math instruction.
B) communication skills.
C) social skills.
D) communication and social skills.

Question 20

A hallmark feature of individuals with ASD is persistent deficits in social skills involving communication and interactions with others.

Question 21

Teaching social skills to students with ASD is appropriate because they are likely targets for bullying.

Question 22

Most current research on the causation of autism points to a(n) perspective.

A) psychodynamic
B) integrated
C) biological
D) educational

Question 23

The psychodynamic theory implicates as causal factors in autism.

A) genetics
B) diet
C) human interactions
D) neurological imbalances

Question 24

Sometimes, people with autism who develop language

A) are reflective in their responses.
B) use rapid and emotional speech patterns.
C) have a diverse speaking repertoire.
D) fail to interpret contextual factors.

Question 25

List the four steps to offer structure in providing positive and creative educational services for children with ASD.

Question 26

Assessment of students with ASD can be best achieved through collaboration with multiple disciplines. Discuss professionals and skills areas that should be involved.

Question 27

Identify four characteristics that are often found in children with autism.

Question 28

Damien has been diagnosed with a condition in which he has difficulties primarily with social components of using language specifically relating to social-emotional reciprocity. What is Damien's diagnosis?

A) Cerebral Palsy
B) Autism
C) Asperger Syndrome
D) Down Syndrome

Question 29

The text discusses strategies to be used with the student with autism during the elementary school years. Using the strategies listed, discuss how you would begin to program for a student with autism entering your classroom.

Question 30

Most current researchers see autism as a(n) .

A) assortment of symptoms that will require varied treatments
B) biological syndrome with multiple psychodynamic causes
C) psychodynamic syndrome with multiple biological causes
D) behavioral syndrome with a single biological cause

Question 31

Echolalia refers to speech patterns in which the youngster

A) repeats back only what has been said to him.
B) responds to questions that have been repeated several times.
C) responds to individuals whom they see repeatedly.
D) emotionally echoes words in a high-pitched voice.

Question 32

List the steps for transition planning that have been developed to help adolescents with ASD move from secondary school to post-school activities.

Question 33

Intense adherence to routines or excessive resistance to change could refer to an individual who

A) does not like the furniture to be arranged in the same manner for extended time periods.
B) pays attention to the exact route they take when driving to school.
C) likes to try different clothing ensembles.
D) hates to carry change and prefers dollar bills.

Question 34

Characteristics of autism include .

A) engagement in repetitive activities
B) a serious emotional disturbance
C) desire for change in daily routines
D) codependency

Question 35

Describe augmentative and alternative communication.

Question 36

Self-stimulation is a behavior associated with autism. Which statement best describes this characteristic?

A) Self-stimulation consistently appears in people with autism.
B) Self-stimulatory behavior only appears in individuals with autism who are lower functioning.
C) Self-stimulation can become self-injurious.
D) Self-stimulation keeps individuals with autism busy and out of trouble.

Question 37

Describe current views regarding the causes and risk factors of autism.

Question 38

Describe the positive behavior intervention and support strategy for people with ASD.

Question 39

Josh has begun to exhibit deficiencies in language, interpersonal skills, affective behavior, and intellectual functioning. Most of his symptoms were evident before he was three, and his parents report an increased amount of self- stimulating behavior. It is likely that Josh has been diagnosed as having

A) Down Syndrome.
B) intellectual disabilities.
C) Autism.
D) TBI.

Question 40

List three evidence-based approaches to facilitate the success of students with ASD and provide examples of each approach.

Question 41

A pervasive developmental disorder with onset prior to age 3, characterized by qualitatively impaired social interactive and social communicative skills along with restricted and repetitive repertoire of behavior, interests and activities is known as

A) savant syndrome.
B) autism.
C) Asperger's syndrome.
D) autism spectrum disorders (ASD).

Question 42

The ultimate goal in educational programming for students with autism is to

A) eliminate the disability.
B) prepare the student for a high quality life in their home communities.
C) prepare the student for supported living.
D) prepare the student for post-secondary education.

Question 43

Andrew's mother has had great difficulty adjusting to his diagnosis of autism. She feels that it must be her fault and his social withdrawal must be due to his retreat from some mental pain she was inflicting. What perspective is she operating from?

A) Psychodynamic
B) Medical
C) Educational
D) Biological

Question 44

Behavioral interventions require which of the following conditions?

A) An accurate diagnosis of the student
B) A focus on enhancing appropriate behaviors and reducing maladaptive behaviors
C) Knowledge of the underlying causation
D) A genotypic description of the student

Question 45

A rare and extraordinary condition in which unusual skills are performed, usually in one of five areas - music, art, calculating, mathematics and mechanical or spatial skills - characterized by obsessive preoccupation with specific items or memorization of facts, trivia, sequences or patterns that are in stark contrast to the developmental level of the individual, ranging from splinter skills to prodigious savant skills is called

A) autism.
B) Asperger's syndrome.
C) savant syndrome.
D) autism spectrum disorders.

Question 46

List 2 examples of established, emerging, and unestablished treatment plans for students with ASD.

Question 47

Students with ASD are to be educated in

A) special schools.
B) regular education classrooms.
C) separate classrooms.
D) integrated environments to the maximum extent appropriate.

Question 48

Describe the behavioral treatment approach for people with autism.

Question 49

A condition that shares unusual social interactions and behaviors with autism but historically has included no general language delay is called

A) Asperger's syndrome.
B) autism.
C) savant syndrome.
D) autism spectrum disorder.

Question 50

A child with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) may find it difficult to read

A) instructions.
B) poetry.
C) verbal cues.
D) nonverbal cues.

Question 51

Describe the medical treatment approach for people with autism.

Question 52

IEP goals should relate the core deficits of the disorder. What are they?

A) Reading mastery
B) Communication and social interaction skills
C) Job development
D) Physical education

Question 53

As a member of Sven's IEP team, you would recommend that the IEP for a student with autism should have as its central component

A) math instruction.
B) communication skills.
C) social skills.
D) communication and social skills.

Question 54

Teachers can promote successful educational interventions for students with autism by

A) selecting the appropriate evidence-based practices.
B) teaching students by using slang, idioms, and sarcasm.
C) using abstract ideas in instruction.
D) focusing instruction on the remediation of weak skills areas.

Question 55

Describe three major approaches to the treatment of autism and provide an example of each approach.