Deck 1: The Human Body: an Orientation

Question 1

Which branch of anatomy studies the structural changes that occur as one ages?

A) developmental anatomy
B) pathological anatomy
C) regional anatomy
D) surface anatomy

Answer 1

A

Question 2

A coronal section through the human body can

A) pass through both the nose and the occipital region.
B) pass through both ears.
C) provide mirror right and left images.
D) lie in a horizontal plane.

Answer 2

B

Question 3

The ________ cavity contains the heart and lungs.

A) abdominopelvic
B) dorsal
C) thoracic
D) lateral

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Which organ system keeps blood constantly supplied with oxygen, removes carbon dioxide, and contains many air tubes?

A) urinary
B) endocrine
C) circulatory
D) respiratory

Question 5

A histologist examines a specimen that has an epithelium overlying some smooth muscle. This specimen is part of

A) a molecule.
B) a cell.
C) a tissue.
D) an organ.

Question 6

Which organ system covers the external surface of the body, but not the internal surface of the mouth?

A) lymphatic
B) digestive
C) integumentary
D) cutaneous

Question 7

An example of a tissue in the body is

A) the stomach.
B) a muscle cell.
C) epithelium.
D) a macromolecule.

Question 8

Which organ system consists of vessels that do not carry blood, but pick up fluids (and some cells) that are leaked from the blood?

A) urinary
B) endocrine
C) integumentary
D) lymphatic

Question 9

Which organ system includes the pancreas, thymus, testes, and pituitary gland?

A) integumentary
B) endocrine
C) reproductive
D) lymphatic

Question 10

Which organ system includes the spinal cord?

A) skeletal
B) muscular
C) nervous
D) integumentary

Question 11

Morphology is

A) a measuring technique
B) the study of form
C) an imaging technology
D) the study of disease
E) a type of microscopy

Question 12

An example of an organ is

A) a fat cell.
B) the intestine.
C) epithelium.
D) the cardiovascular system (but not the circulatory system).

Question 13

How many centimeters are there in a meter?

A) 10
B) 100
C) 1,000
D) 1,000,000

Question 14

The smallest living unit is

A) a cell.
B) an organ.
C) a human being.
D) a molecule.

Question 15

The dimensions of cells and organelles would best be described using which units of measurement?

A) mg
B) cm
C) µm
D) m
E) ml

Question 16

Hormones are regulatory proteins that are secreted by the ________ system.

A) urinary
B) endocrine
C) integumentary
D) lymphatic

Question 17

The roots of anatomical terminology lie mainly in

A) German and French.
B) Latin and Greek.
C) Esperanto.
D) Russian and Old English.

Question 18

Large molecules such as proteins are called

A) cells.
B) macromolecules.
C) multi-atom units.
D) cellular organelles.

Question 19

Use the diagram above to answer the following questions.
Which letter indicates the mental region?

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E

Question 20

The elimination of nitrogenous wastes from body fluids is regulated by the ________ system.

A) urinary
B) endocrine
C) integumentary
D) lymphatic

Question 21

The axillary artery is found in the region of the

A) posterior surface of the knee.
B) vertebral column.
C) armpit.
D) long axis of any limb.

Question 22

As an anatomical region, lumbar refers to

A) the infero-medial aspect of the back.
B) part of the lower limb.
C) the wrist.
D) the breast.

Question 23

The buccal region is the

A) cheeks.
B) waist.
C) calf of the leg.
D) underside of the foot.

Question 24

A physician viewing an injury to the back would look at the patient's ________ side.

A) lateral
B) posterior
C) cranial
D) ventral

Question 25

The coxal region is

A) the same as the inguinal region.
B) the skin over the "tailbone."
C) the hip.
D) the posterior surface of the wrist.

Question 26

Use the diagram above to answer the following questions.
Which letter indicates the lumbar region?

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E

Question 27

Which structure is located entirely within the right upper quadrant?

A) appendix
B) gallbladder
C) spleen
D) stomach

Question 28

The ankle lies ________ to the thigh.

A) distal
B) proximal
C) lateral
D) inferior

Question 29

Use the diagram above to answer the following questions.
Which letter indicates the acromial region?

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E

Question 30

The popliteal region is

A) the side of the leg.
B) in the cervical region.
C) the posterior surface of the knee.
D) the inferior part of the gluteal region.

Question 31

The extremities are the same as

A) the ears.
B) the fingers and toes.
C) the limbs.
D) all structures in the head.

Question 32

Which organ is not found in the ventral body cavity?

A) heart
B) liver
C) spinal cord
D) urinary bladder

Question 33

Use the diagram above to answer the following questions.
Which letter indicates the inguinal region?

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E

Question 34

Use the diagram above to answer the following questions.
Which letter indicates the hallux?

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E

Question 35

Which structures are evidence of the vertebrate characteristic of segmentation?

A) branches of the blood vessels
B) multiple joints of fingers
C) subdivisions of the gastrointestinal tract
D) vertebral column

Question 36

Use the diagram above to answer the following questions.
Which letter indicates the femoral region?

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E

Question 37

Which of the following pairs of organs/structures is located ipsilateral?

A) cecum : sigmoid colon
B) descending colon : spleen
C) mouth : navel
D) right lung : left lung

Question 38

Use the diagram above to answer the following questions.
Which letter indicates the umbilical region?

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E

Question 39

Which statement about visceral serosa is false?

A) It clings to the surface of organs.
B) It is continuous with the membrane that covers the outer body wall.
C) It is deep to the parietal serosa.
D) It lines the internal surface of hollow organs.

Question 40

The ________ body cavity contains the brain.

A) dorsal
B) ventral
C) serous
D) lateral

Question 41

Use the diagram above to answer the following questions.
Which letter indicates the scapular region?

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E

Question 42

The chest is ________ to the abdomen.

A) superior
B) lateral
C) anterior
D) proximal
E) deep

Question 43

Use the diagram above to answer the following questions.
Which letter indicates the occipital region?

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E

Question 44

Another name for the midsagittal plane is

A) parasagittal.
B) oblique.
C) coronal.
D) median.

Question 45

The pubic area is ________ to the gluteal region.

A) superior
B) lateral
C) anterior
D) proximal
E) deep

Question 46

Which structure is not present in the mediastinum?

A) esophagus
B) heart
C) lung
D) trachea

Question 47

The sternal region is ________ to the scapular region.

A) superior
B) lateral
C) anterior
D) proximal
E) deep

Question 48

The perineal region is the

A) side of the leg.
B) region between the external genitals and the anus.
C) point of the shoulder.
D) superior part of the gluteal region.

Question 49

The gluteal region is ________ to the popliteal region.

A) superior
B) lateral
C) anterior
D) proximal
E) deep

Question 50

A frontal plane is the same as a ________ plane.

A) midsagittal
B) transverse
C) coronal
D) sagittal

Question 51

The heart is ________ to the sternum.

A) superior
B) lateral
C) anterior
D) proximal
E) deep

Question 52

The lip is ________ to the chin.

A) superior
B) lateral
C) anterior
D) proximal
E) deep

Question 53

Which of these terms refers to the head?

A) cranial
B) caudal
C) medial
D) frontal
E) sacral

Question 54

The eye is ________ to the occipital region.

A) superior
B) lateral
C) anterior
D) proximal
E) deep

Question 55

The brain is ________ to the skull.

A) superior
B) lateral
C) anterior
D) proximal
E) deep

Question 56

The thumb is ________ to the index finger.

A) superior
B) lateral
C) anterior
D) proximal
E) deep

Question 57

Muscles are ________ to the skin.

A) superior
B) lateral
C) anterior
D) proximal
E) deep

Question 58

The femoral region is ________ to the plantar region.

A) superficial
B) lateral
C) anterior
D) proximal
E) deep

Question 59

The axillary region is ________ to the sternum.

A) superior
B) lateral
C) anterior
D) proximal
E) deep

Question 60

Use the diagram above to answer the following questions.
Which letter indicates the popliteal region?

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E

Question 61

Serous cavities contain air.

Question 62

Most adults are between 1.5 and 2 meters tall.

Question 63

The main purpose of fixation is

A) to preserve the tissue.
B) to mend breaks in tissue sections.
C) to make an organ easier to section.
D) to stick tissue sections to a glass slide.

Question 64

The inguinal region lies

A) anterior to the elbow joint.
B) on the anterior neck.
C) where the thigh joins the trunk.
D) on the external genitals.

Question 65

The dorsal hollow nerve cord

A) develops into the brain and spinal cord.
B) is a primitive supporting rod.
C) contains the notochord.
D) is the same as the human backbone.

Question 66

What is the main advantage of MRI as a medical imaging technique?

A) It is safe.
B) The patient feels less pain during the procedure than with any other imaging technique.
C) It is very inexpensive.
D) It shows soft tissues very clearly.

Question 67

Serous cavities include the pleural cavity.

Question 68

The umbilical region is ________ to the lumbar region.

A) superior
B) lateral
C) anterior
D) proximal
E) deep

Question 69

The "CT" in "CT scanning" stands for

A) cut transversely.
B) Charles Thorgaard, the inventor's name.
C) correlated thickness.
D) computed tomography.

Question 70

What is the function of serous membranes?

A) They act like wrapping paper to hold visceral organs together.
B) They contain gland cells that secrete mucus.
C) They halt the spread of infection.
D) They reduce friction so that viscera move freely.

Question 71

The cervical region is the

A) thigh.
B) calf.
C) neck.
D) head.

Question 72

Pathological anatomy deals with structural changes caused by disease.

Question 73

All vertebrate embryos have a dorsal hollow nerve cord.

Question 74

Which structure is not covered by visceral serosa?

A) lungs
B) ribs
C) stomach
D) uterus

Question 75

During the process of ________, noncellular artifacts can be introduced into histology samples.

A) time
B) observation
C) staining
D) photography

Question 76

Which statement concerning the anatomical position is false?

A) The palms face anteriorly.
B) The toes point anteriorly, but the fingers point inferiorly.
C) The knees, elbow, and neck are straight (not bent).
D) The person is lying down, as straight as possible.

Question 77

Bilateral symmetry can apply to objects as well as to animal bodies. Which of the following capital letters of the alphabet is not bilaterally symmetrical?

A) A
B) M
C) L
D) O

Question 78

What point or structure in the body is located farthest laterally? (Hint: Questions always refer to the body in the anatomical position.)

A) the coxal region
B) ear
C) little toe
D) tip of thumb

Question 79

Although transmission electron microscopy is usually used for high-magnification viewing, it is certainly possible to use it at low magnification as well. That is, one can produce similar micrographs of tissues taken by light microscopy and electron microscopy at the same magnification. Even at the same magnification, however, you can easily tell the two kinds of micrographs apart. How?

A) The image in the electron micrograph is still sharper.
B) Tissue viewed by electron microscopy is colored, whereas light micrographs are always black and white (and shades of gray).
C) Tissue for light microscopy cannot be fixed (no fixation).
D) Tissue for electron microscopy cannot be sectioned.

Question 80

The femoral region is the

A) buttocks.
B) hip.
C) thigh.
D) toes.