Deck 3: Structure and Function of Hematopoietic Organs

Question 1

All of the following contribute to a diagnosis of hypersplenism except:

A) Cytopenia in the peripheral blood
B) Hyperplastic marrow
C) Hepatomegaly
D) Splenomegaly

Answer 1

Hepatomegaly

Question 2

The first sign of erythroid development in an embryo occurs in:

A) The yolk sac
B) The AGM
C) The liver
D) A lymph node

Answer 2

The yolk sac

Question 3

Peyer's patches are an example of:

A) Primary lymphoid tissue
B) Secondary lymphoid tissue
C) Splenic tissue
D) Medullary tissue

Answer 3

Secondary lymphoid tissue

Question 4

The primary site of hematopoiesis in a 4-month-old maturing fetus is:

A) The liver
B) The spleen
C) The bone marrow
D) A lymph node

Question 5

The splenic architecture includes the largest collection in the body of which two cells?

A) Erythrocytes and platelets
B) Lymphocytes and platelets
C) Erythrocytes and lymphocytes
D) Lymphocytes and macrophages

Question 6

Where in the body does maturation of T lymphocytes take place?

A) Lymph node
B) Bone marrow
C) Spleen
D) Thymus

Question 7

The process of culling and pitting occurs in the spleen's:

A) Germinal centers
B) Follicles
C) Vascular sinuses
D) Red pulp cords

Question 8

Which of the following chiefly controls hematopoiesis in the bone marrow?

A) The amount of fat present
B) Stromal components
C) Vasculature
D) The number of osteoblasts present

Question 9

Which of the following sets of organs has the capability of extramedullary hematopoiesis?

A) Thymus and lymph nodes
B) Thymus and bone marrow
C) Liver and spleen
D) Liver and bone marrow

Question 10

Which of the following marrow elements provides the microenvironment for proliferation and differentiation of hematopoietic cells?

A) Yellow marrow
B) Red marrow
C) White pulp
D) Germinal centers

Question 11

Acute blood loss can cause bone marrow hyperplasia. What factor determines the ultimate effect of this pathologic state?

A) Ineffective hematopoiesis
B) Cause of the blood loss
C) Severity and duration of the blood loss
D) Bone marrow activity

Question 12

The primary site of hematopoiesis in an adult is:

A) The bone marrow
B) The spleen
C) The liver
D) A lymph node

Question 13

A characteristic that defines a tissue as primary vs. secondary lymphoid tissue is:

A) Activated cells reside in primary and resting cells reside in secondary lymphoid tissue
B) The quantity of cells in each
C) Primary tissue is composed of only T cells and secondary tissue is composed of only B cells
D) Immunocompetent T and B cells further divide into memory and effector cells in secondary tissue

Question 14

At what point during fetal development does the bone marrow become the primary organ of hematopoiesis?

A) 3 months' gestation
B) 14 days' gestation
C) Birth
D) 7 months' gestation

Question 15

Which of the following could cause lymphadenopathy?

A) Inflammation
B) Infection
C) Tumor
D) All of the above

Question 16

The primary hematopoietic function of the spleen is:

A) Extramedullary hematopoiesis
B) Lymphatic drainage
C) Culling and pitting
D) T cell maturation

Question 17

Splenomegaly as a result of bone marrow failure is indicative of:

A) Liver disease
B) Accelerated immune response
C) Extramedullary hematopoiesis
D) Nuclear asynchrony

Question 18

What could cause an enlarged lymph node?

A) Anemia
B) Infection
C) Allergic reaction
D) Sluggish blood flow

Question 19

A hyperplastic marrow can occur with which of the following?

A) Leukemia
B) Postchemotherapy
C) Anemia
D) Oxygen therapy

Question 20

In cases when the bone marrow is compromised, hematopoiesis can resume in other organs. What is this phenomenon called, and what organs have this ability?

A) Hematopoiesis; lymph node and spleen
B) Extramedullary hematopoiesis; liver and spleen
C) Nuclear asynchrony; thymus and spleen
D) Diapedesis; blood vessels and brain

Question 21

Track the path of maturation of the T lymphocyte.

Question 22

List four causes of a hyperplastic marrow.

Question 23

Primitive erythropoiesis in the yolk sac is important to what process?

A) Transportation of oxygen to developing tissue
B) Development of immunity
C) Liver development
D) Cellular differentiation

Question 24

Where are plasma cells located in the lymph node?

A) Cortex
B) Medulla
C) Germinal centers
D) Peripheral zone

Question 25

Hypersplenism associated with compensatory hypertrophy of the spleen is associated with:

A) Neoplasms when malignant cells occupy much of the splenic space
B) Congestive heart failure
C) Liver cirrhosis with portal hypertension
D) Infection and inflammatory diseases

Question 26

List and explain the function of the cells in the bone marrow stroma.

Question 27

What feature is true for primary versus secondary lymphoid tissue?

A) Primary lymph tissue can replace secondary.
B) Primary lymphoid tissue is necessary to the secondary lymphoid tissue process.
C) Immunocompetent T and B cells are found only in secondary lymphoid tissue.
D) Immunocompetent T and B cells are found only in primary lymphoid tissue.

Question 28

Predict the size of the thymus in a mature adult in comparison with one in an infant thymus.

A) The adult thymus is the same size as the infant thymus.
B) The adult thymus is larger than the infant thymus.
C) The adult thymus is smaller than the infant thymus.
D) This cannot be determined.

Question 29

Explain how the bone marrow receives nutrients to survive.

Question 30

The hematopoietic compartment of the bone marrow contains what components?

A) Connective tissue and stroma
B) Hematopoietic cells and stroma
C) Tissues and vasculature
D) Tissues and stroma

Question 31

The primary sites of lymphoid tissue include:

A) Bone marrow, spleen, and liver
B) Bone marrow, thymus, and liver
C) Thymus, spleen, and lymph nodes
D) Thymus, bone marrow, and lymph nodes

Question 32

Which of the following characterizes definitive erythropoiesis?

A) A self-renewing HSC in the AGM
B) The production of erythroid cells in the liver
C) The presence of hemoglobin F in erythroid cells
D) Megakaryocyte proliferation in the bone marrow

Question 33

What would you expect to see on microscopic examination of a stained blood smear if the patient has had a splenectomy and why?

Question 34

Which of the following is considered a MALT tissue?

A) Lymph node
B) Thymus
C) Tonsils
D) Bone marrow

Question 35

Normal proliferation of hematopoietic cells in adulthood takes place at what location?

A) Peripheral blood
B) Bone marrow
C) Stroma
D) Liver