Deck 7: Granulocytes and Monocytes

Question 1

All of the following can cause a leukocytosis except:

A) Malignancy
B) Viral infection
C) Exposure to radiation
D) Immune responses

Answer 1

Exposure to radiation

Question 2

An instrument printout shows a WBC count of 4.5 10⁹/L with 75% neutrophils. What is the absolute neutrophil count?

A) 1.9 10⁹/L
B) 3.8 10⁹/L
C) 3.4 10⁹/L
D) 4.5 10⁹/L

Answer 2

3.4 10⁹/L

Question 3

The life span of the neutrophil is spent in three compartments. Which compartment is the primary site of host defense?

A) Bone marrow
B) Liver
C) Thymus
D) Tissues

Answer 3

Tissues

Question 4

What characteristic that is present in promyelocytes morphologically differentiates a promyelocyte from a myeloblast?

A) Primary granules
B) Secondary granules
C) Loss of nucleoli
D) Pink cytoplasm

Question 5

All of the following are included in the kill mechanism by neutrophils except:

A) Chemoattraction of neutrophils to infectious agent
B) Diapedesis of neutrophils from blood into tissues
C) The formation of the phagolysosome by the neutrophil
D) The presentation of the infectious agent to a monocyte for phagocytosis

Question 6

The basophil is the least plentiful cell found in the peripheral blood. What can it indicate when it is increased in the blood?

A) Infection
B) Malignancy
C) Inflammation
D) Allergic reaction

Question 7

Hematological analysis was performed on a 10-day-old baby who appeared to have difficulty breathing and had a temperature of 101.2°F. The WBC was 29.8 × 10⁹/L. This finding represents a(n):

A) Normal leukocyte count
B) Absolute leukocytosis
C) Relative leukopenia
D) Absolute leukopenia

Question 8

The process by which neutrophils migrate through the VEC into the tissues is known as:

A) Chemotaxis
B) Opsonization
C) Diapedesis
D) Phagocytosis

Question 9

Which of the following is associated with an increased leukocyte concentration?

A) Birth, pregnancy, infection
B) Older adults, birth
C) Older adults, pregnancy
D) Tissue necrosis, whole body irradiation

Question 10

Which cell line is the first line of defense against helminth infections?

A) Neutrophil
B) Lymphocyte
C) Monocyte
D) Eosinophil

Question 11

All of the following precursors are found in the mitotic pool except:

A) Promyelocyte
B) Myeloblast
C) Metamyelocyte
D) Myelocyte

Question 12

Absolute cell count calculation adjusts for what variation(s)?

A) Total WBC count only
B) Differential count only
C) Total WBC and differential counts
D) Total lymphocyte counts

Question 13

An instrument printout shows a normal WBC count with a neutrophil count of 30%. What can be concluded from this?

A) The patient is suffering from an infection.
B) There is a normal neutrophil concentration.
C) The patient has a relative neutropenia.
D) The patient is an infant.

Question 14

A(n) ________ has purple-black granules that obscure the cytoplasm, whereas a(n) ________ contains granules that orange to red in color.

A) eosinophil; neutrophil
B) monocyte; lymphocyte
C) lymphocyte; basophil
D) basophil; eosinophil

Question 15

Which of the following cell types can be 20 mcM (μm) in size, with a round to oval nucleus with lacey chromatin and several nucleoli, deep blue cytoplasm with large reddish-purple granules?

A) Promyelocyte
B) Metamyelocyte
C) Band neutrophil
D) Myelocyte

Question 16

Which cell line does not have a large reserve pool in the marrow?

A) Granulocytic
B) Eosinophilic
C) Monocytic
D) Lymphocytic

Question 17

Which of the following terms is used to describe an absolute increase in the number of eosinophils?

A) Neutropenia
B) Eosinophilia
C) Leukocytosis
D) Lymphocytosis

Question 18

The induction of activation-dependent adhesion events depends on adhesion molecules and their ligands located on the leukocyte and what other cell?

A) Vascular endothelium cell
B) Adipocyte
C) Macrophage
D) Hepatocyte

Question 19

Routine hematological analysis was performed on a 21-year-old adult. The WBC was 8.3 × 10⁹/L. This finding represents a(n):

A) Normal leukocyte count
B) Absolute leukocytosis
C) Relative leukopenia
D) Absolute leukopenia

Question 20

What cell lineage is characterized by the presence of CD14 on its surface?

A) Neutrophilic
B) Eosinophilic
C) Monocytic
D) Lymphocytic

Question 21

Name the cells of the neutrophil lineage in order from earliest morphologically recognizable cell to most mature cell and include one unique morphologic characteristic of each cell.

Question 22

List 4 locations of neutrophils and the three sub-locations within the bone marrow. Explain the general purpose of these locations.

Question 23

Basophils contribute to the induction and maintenance of allergic reactions by interacting with B lymphocytes through which molecule?

A) CD34
B) SCF
C) CD40L
D) C5a

Question 24

Differentiate between absolute and relative concentrations of specific types of leukocytes and give an example of a condition that typically produces abnormal absolute or relative concentrations.

Question 25

Phagocytosis consumes a large amount of energy provided by what process?

A) Diapedesis
B) Erythrophagocytosis
C) Innate immune response
D) Aerobic and/or anaerobic glycolysis

Question 26

Leukocyte surface markers identify cell lineage and are helpful in differentiating neoplastic hematologic disorders. What is one method used to identify these surface markers?

A) Chamber counts
B) Leukocyte differential
C) Cytogenetic methods
D) Immunophenotyping by flow cytometry

Question 27

Name the type of immune response that the granulocytes and monocytes predominately participate in and explain their role in this response.

Question 28

Which of the following peripheral blood pictures is likely to be seen if elevated levels of GM-CSF persist in the bone marrow?

A) Monocytosis, neutropenia
B) Neutrophilia, eosinophilia
C) Monocytopenia, granulocytosis
D) Granulocytosis, monocytosis

Question 29

IL-5 is the cytokine that is required for which cell type to proliferate and terminally differentiate?

A) Neutrophil
B) Eosinophil
C) Basophil
D) Monocyte

Question 30

List and explain the steps that neutrophils take to leave the peripheral blood circulation and lead to the neutrophil kill function.