Deck 18: A: Endocrine System

Question 1

Which hormone stimulates the adrenal cortex to secrete hormones?

A) Growth hormone
B) ADH
C) ACTH
D) Cortisone
E) Secretin

Answer 1

ACTH

Question 2

Insulin deficiency or resistance leads to hyperglycemia and ketoacidosis:

A) Graves disease
B) Diabetes mellitus
C) Cushing syndrome
D) Acromegaly
E) Myxedema

Answer 2

Diabetes mellitus

Question 3

Which is a description of tetany?

A) Constant muscle contraction
B) Increased bone growth
C) Hypercalcemia
D) Hypokalemia
E) Hypernatremia

Answer 3

Constant muscle contraction

Question 4

What is another name for the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland?

A) Hypophysis
B) Hypothalamus
C) Adenohypophysis
D) Neurohypophysis
E) Thalamus

Question 5

Which is an element that is present in thyroxine?

A) Iron
B) Calcium
C) Vitamin D
D) Glucose
E) Iodine

Question 6

Thyrotoxicosis; hypersecretion of the thyroid gland:

A) Graves disease
B) Diabetes mellitus
C) Cushing syndrome
D) Acromegaly
E) Myxedema

Question 7

Advanced hypothyroidism in adulthood:

A) Graves disease
B) Diabetes mellitus
C) Cushing syndrome
D) Acromegaly
E) Myxedema

Question 8

What is the term for excessive development of mammary tissue in a male?

A) Homeostasis
B) Hypogonadism
C) Galactorrhea
D) Gynecomastia
E) Hypernatremia

Question 9

Which hormone regulates calcium in the blood and bones?

A) Parathyroid hormone
B) Thyroxine
C) Thyroid-stimulating hormone
D) Prolactin
E) Prostaglandins

Question 10

Which is an example of an electrolyte?

A) Insulin
B) Sodium
C) Renin
D) Glucagon
E) Steroid

Question 11

Kal/i is a combining form for which substance?

A) Phosphorus
B) Sodium
C) Calcium
D) Milk
E) Potassium

Question 12

A group of symptoms produced by excess of cortisol from the adrenal cortex:

A) Graves disease
B) Diabetes mellitus
C) Cushing syndrome
D) Acromegaly
E) Myxedema

Question 13

Which is a hormone secreted by the ovary and adrenal cortex?

A) Follicle-stimulating hormone
B) Luteinizing hormone
C) Androgen
D) Estrogen
E) Oxytocin

Question 14

Which of the following secretes cortisol?

A) Testes
B) Ovaries
C) Adrenal medulla
D) Adrenal cortex
E) Pituitary gland

Question 15

Post-puberty hypersecretion of growth hormone from the anterior pituitary gland:

A) Graves disease
B) Diabetes mellitus
C) Cushing syndrome
D) Acromegaly
E) Myxedema

Question 16

Exophthalmos is a symptom of which endocrine disorder?

A) Endemic goiter
B) Thyroid carcinoma
C) Graves disease
D) Nodular goiter
E) Pituitary gland hypertrophy

Question 17

Which is a description of gonadotropins?

A) Secreted by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland
B) Stimulate the growth of long bones
C) Stimulate glucose uptake in cells
D) Secreted by the testes
E) Stimulate the secretion of milk

Question 18

Which is a function of the thyroid gland?

A) Secretes immunologic substances
B) Secretes thymosin
C) Secretes corticosteroids
D) Secretes thyroid-stimulating hormone
E) Secretes thyroxine

Question 19

Which term means enlargement of the thyroid gland?

A) Hypergonadism
B) Euthyroid
C) Goiter
D) Hypophyseal enlargement
E) Tetany

Question 20

Which is a hormone secreted by the pancreas?

A) Estrogen
B) Insulin
C) Vasopressin
D) Epinephrine
E) Glucose

Question 21

Select the term that is spelled correctly:

A) courtisol
B) cortisol

Question 22

Select the term that is spelled correctly:

A) estrogen
B) estrogin

Question 23

Excessive thirst:

A) polydipsea
B) pollydipsia
C) polydipsia

Question 24

Hormone secreted by the thyroid gland:

A) thyroixine
B) thiroxine
C) thyroxine

Question 25

Characteristic of type 1 diabetes mellitus:

A) Gradual onset; patient is asymptomatic
B) Ketoacidosis seldom occurs
C) Treatment is diet and oral hypoglycemic agents
D) Little or no insulin produced
E) Usually occurs after age 30

Question 26

Which of the following is associated with neuropathy, nephropathy, and retinopathy?

A) Hyperthyroidism
B) Deficient ADH secretion
C) Secondary complications of diabetes mellitus
D) Hypergonadism
E) Panhypopituitarism

Question 27

Select the term that is spelled correctly:

A) pitiutary gland
B) pituitary gland

Question 28

Enlargement of extremities due to hypersecretion of growth hormone:

A) acromegaly
B) accromegaly
C) acromeagaly

Question 29

Hormone secreted by the ovary:

A) progesterone
B) projesterone
C) progesteron

Question 30

Select the term that is spelled correctly:

A) goiter
B) goyter

Question 31

Hyposecretion of the thyroid gland in adulthood:

A) mixadema
B) myxedema
C) myxademae

Question 32

Which is a description of achondroplasia?

A) Enlargement of extremities
B) Defective cartilage formation that affects bone growth
C) Tumor of the sella turcica
D) Abnormal formation of cartilage in an adult
E) Hyperfunctioning of pituitary gland

Question 33

Which is a description of a thyroid scan?

A) CT image of thyroid gland
B) Radioimmunoassay of thyroxine in the bloodstream
C) Ultrasound image of the neck
D) Skull x-ray of the brain
E) Administration of radioactive compound and visualization with a scanner to detect tumors or nodules

Question 34

Constant muscle contraction:

A) tetany
B) teteny
C) tettany

Question 35

Hormone secreted by the islet cells of Langerhans:

A) insalin
B) insulin
C) insulen

Question 36

Condition of eyeballs that protrude outward:

A) exopthalmos
B) exophthmalmos
C) exophthalmos

Question 37

Select the term that is spelled correctly:

A) gonadotrophan
B) gonadotropin

Question 38

State of equilibrium or constancy:

A) homeiostasis
B) homostasis
C) homeostasis

Question 39

Natr/o is the combining form for which substance?

A) Sugar
B) Milk
C) Sodium
D) Iodine
E) Potassium

Question 40

Part of the brain that controls the secretions of the pituitary gland:

A) hypothalmus
B) hypothalmis
C) hypothalamus

Question 41

Match the terms with their correct meanings:
Hormone secreted by the posterior part of the pituitary gland; increases reabsorption of water

A)adenohypophysis
B)adrenocorticotropin
C)aldosterone
D)calcitonin
E)catecholamine
F)electrolyte
G)glucocorticoid
H)glycemia
I)glycosuria
J)homeostasis
K)hypokalemia
L)hyponatremia
M)hypothalamus
N)oxytocin
O)pancreatectomy
P)parathyroidectomy
Q)polydipsia
R)progesterone
S)tetraiodothyronine
T)vasopressin

Question 42

Match the following abnormal conditions with their descriptions below:
Group of signs and symptoms produced by excess cortisol from the adrenal cortex

A)Addison disease
B)adrenal virilism
C)cretinism
D)Cushing syndrome
E)hyperparathyroidism
F)hypoparathyroidism
G)hyperthyroidism
H)myxedema
I)pheochromocytoma
J)thyroid carcinoma

Question 43

Match the following abnormal conditions with their descriptions below:
Benign tumor of the adrenal medulla

A)Addison disease
B)adrenal virilism
C)cretinism
D)Cushing syndrome
E)hyperparathyroidism
F)hypoparathyroidism
G)hyperthyroidism
H)myxedema
I)pheochromocytoma
J)thyroid carcinoma

Question 44

Match the following abnormal conditions with their descriptions below:
Advanced hypothyroidism in adulthood

A)Addison disease
B)adrenal virilism
C)cretinism
D)Cushing syndrome
E)hyperparathyroidism
F)hypoparathyroidism
G)hyperthyroidism
H)myxedema
I)pheochromocytoma
J)thyroid carcinoma

Question 45

Match the terms with their correct meanings:
Excessive thirst

A)adenohypophysis
B)adrenocorticotropin
C)aldosterone
D)calcitonin
E)catecholamine
F)electrolyte
G)glucocorticoid
H)glycemia
I)glycosuria
J)homeostasis
K)hypokalemia
L)hyponatremia
M)hypothalamus
N)oxytocin
O)pancreatectomy
P)parathyroidectomy
Q)polydipsia
R)progesterone
S)tetraiodothyronine
T)vasopressin

Question 46

Match the following abnormal conditions with their descriptions below:
Deficient production of parathyroid hormone (tetany results)

A)Addison disease
B)adrenal virilism
C)cretinism
D)Cushing syndrome
E)hyperparathyroidism
F)hypoparathyroidism
G)hyperthyroidism
H)myxedema
I)pheochromocytoma
J)thyroid carcinoma

Question 47

Select the term that is spelled correctly:

A) hypocalemia
B) hypokalemia

Question 48

Select the term that is spelled correctly:

A) hypophysectomy
B) hypophisectomy

Question 49

Match the following abnormal conditions with their descriptions below:
Extreme hypothyroidism during infancy and childhood

A)Addison disease
B)adrenal virilism
C)cretinism
D)Cushing syndrome
E)hyperparathyroidism
F)hypoparathyroidism
G)hyperthyroidism
H)myxedema
I)pheochromocytoma
J)thyroid carcinoma

Question 50

Match the following abnormal conditions with their descriptions below:
Excessive production of parathormone

A)Addison disease
B)adrenal virilism
C)cretinism
D)Cushing syndrome
E)hyperparathyroidism
F)hypoparathyroidism
G)hyperthyroidism
H)myxedema
I)pheochromocytoma
J)thyroid carcinoma

Question 51

Match the terms with their correct meanings:
A mineral salt found in the blood and tissues; potassium is an example

A)adenohypophysis
B)adrenocorticotropin
C)aldosterone
D)calcitonin
E)catecholamine
F)electrolyte
G)glucocorticoid
H)glycemia
I)glycosuria
J)homeostasis
K)hypokalemia
L)hyponatremia
M)hypothalamus
N)oxytocin
O)pancreatectomy
P)parathyroidectomy
Q)polydipsia
R)progesterone
S)tetraiodothyronine
T)vasopressin

Question 52

Match the following abnormal conditions with their descriptions below:
Excessive secretion of adrenal gland androgens

A)Addison disease
B)adrenal virilism
C)cretinism
D)Cushing syndrome
E)hyperparathyroidism
F)hypoparathyroidism
G)hyperthyroidism
H)myxedema
I)pheochromocytoma
J)thyroid carcinoma

Question 53

Match the following abnormal conditions with their descriptions below:
Over-activity of the thyroid gland (thyrotoxicosis)

A)Addison disease
B)adrenal virilism
C)cretinism
D)Cushing syndrome
E)hyperparathyroidism
F)hypoparathyroidism
G)hyperthyroidism
H)myxedema
I)pheochromocytoma
J)thyroid carcinoma

Question 54

Select the term that is spelled correctly:

A) uthyroid
B) euthyroid

Question 55

Match the terms with their correct meanings:
Hormone secreted by the thyroid gland; lowers blood calcium

A)adenohypophysis
B)adrenocorticotropin
C)aldosterone
D)calcitonin
E)catecholamine
F)electrolyte
G)glucocorticoid
H)glycemia
I)glycosuria
J)homeostasis
K)hypokalemia
L)hyponatremia
M)hypothalamus
N)oxytocin
O)pancreatectomy
P)parathyroidectomy
Q)polydipsia
R)progesterone
S)tetraiodothyronine
T)vasopressin

Question 56

Match the terms with their correct meanings:
Hormone secreted by the adrenal cortex; increases salt (sodium) reabsorption by the kidney

A)adenohypophysis
B)adrenocorticotropin
C)aldosterone
D)calcitonin
E)catecholamine
F)electrolyte
G)glucocorticoid
H)glycemia
I)glycosuria
J)homeostasis
K)hypokalemia
L)hyponatremia
M)hypothalamus
N)oxytocin
O)pancreatectomy
P)parathyroidectomy
Q)polydipsia
R)progesterone
S)tetraiodothyronine
T)vasopressin

Question 57

Match the following abnormal conditions with their descriptions below:
Cancer of the thyroid gland (papillary and follicular are types)

A)Addison disease
B)adrenal virilism
C)cretinism
D)Cushing syndrome
E)hyperparathyroidism
F)hypoparathyroidism
G)hyperthyroidism
H)myxedema
I)pheochromocytoma
J)thyroid carcinoma

Question 58

Select the term that is spelled correctly:

A) pancrease
B) pancreas

Question 59

Select the term that is spelled correctly:

A) corticosteroid
B) cortikosteroid

Question 60

Match the following abnormal conditions with their descriptions below:
Hypofunctioning of the adrenal cortex

A)Addison disease
B)adrenal virilism
C)cretinism
D)Cushing syndrome
E)hyperparathyroidism
F)hypoparathyroidism
G)hyperthyroidism
H)myxedema
I)pheochromocytoma
J)thyroid carcinoma

Question 61

Match the terms with their correct meanings:
Hormone secreted by the posterior pituitary gland; stimulates contraction of the uterus during labor

A)adenohypophysis
B)adrenocorticotropin
C)aldosterone
D)calcitonin
E)catecholamine
F)electrolyte
G)glucocorticoid
H)glycemia
I)glycosuria
J)homeostasis
K)hypokalemia
L)hyponatremia
M)hypothalamus
N)oxytocin
O)pancreatectomy
P)parathyroidectomy
Q)polydipsia
R)progesterone
S)tetraiodothyronine
T)vasopressin

Question 62

Match the terms with their correct meanings:
Hormone secreted by the thyroid gland; thyroxine

A)adenohypophysis
B)adrenocorticotropin
C)aldosterone
D)calcitonin
E)catecholamine
F)electrolyte
G)glucocorticoid
H)glycemia
I)glycosuria
J)homeostasis
K)hypokalemia
L)hyponatremia
M)hypothalamus
N)oxytocin
O)pancreatectomy
P)parathyroidectomy
Q)polydipsia
R)progesterone
S)tetraiodothyronine
T)vasopressin

Question 63

Match the terms with their correct meanings:
Condition of sugar in the blood

A)adenohypophysis
B)adrenocorticotropin
C)aldosterone
D)calcitonin
E)catecholamine
F)electrolyte
G)glucocorticoid
H)glycemia
I)glycosuria
J)homeostasis
K)hypokalemia
L)hyponatremia
M)hypothalamus
N)oxytocin
O)pancreatectomy
P)parathyroidectomy
Q)polydipsia
R)progesterone
S)tetraiodothyronine
T)vasopressin

Question 64

Match the terms with their correct meanings:
Resection of four small glands in the neck region

A)adenohypophysis
B)adrenocorticotropin
C)aldosterone
D)calcitonin
E)catecholamine
F)electrolyte
G)glucocorticoid
H)glycemia
I)glycosuria
J)homeostasis
K)hypokalemia
L)hyponatremia
M)hypothalamus
N)oxytocin
O)pancreatectomy
P)parathyroidectomy
Q)polydipsia
R)progesterone
S)tetraiodothyronine
T)vasopressin

Question 65

Match the terms with their correct meanings:
Region of the brain that produces factors to stimulate the pituitary gland

A)adenohypophysis
B)adrenocorticotropin
C)aldosterone
D)calcitonin
E)catecholamine
F)electrolyte
G)glucocorticoid
H)glycemia
I)glycosuria
J)homeostasis
K)hypokalemia
L)hyponatremia
M)hypothalamus
N)oxytocin
O)pancreatectomy
P)parathyroidectomy
Q)polydipsia
R)progesterone
S)tetraiodothyronine
T)vasopressin

Question 66

Match the terms with their correct meanings:
Radioactive compound is given and localizes in the thyroid gland

A)acromegaly
B)Addison disease
C)cretinism
D)Cushing syndrome
E)diabetes insipidus
F)diabetes mellitus
G)exophthalmos
H)glucose tolerance test
I)goiter
J)hirsutism
K)ketoacidosis
L)myxedema
M)pheochromocytoma
N)radioimmunoassay
O)tetany
P)thyroid carcinoma
Q)thyroid scan
R)thyrotoxicosis

Question 67

Match the terms with their correct meanings:
Anterior lobe of the pituitary gland

A)adenohypophysis
B)adrenocorticotropin
C)aldosterone
D)calcitonin
E)catecholamine
F)electrolyte
G)glucocorticoid
H)glycemia
I)glycosuria
J)homeostasis
K)hypokalemia
L)hyponatremia
M)hypothalamus
N)oxytocin
O)pancreatectomy
P)parathyroidectomy
Q)polydipsia
R)progesterone
S)tetraiodothyronine
T)vasopressin

Question 68

Match the terms with their correct meanings:
Resection of a gland near and behind the stomach

A)adenohypophysis
B)adrenocorticotropin
C)aldosterone
D)calcitonin
E)catecholamine
F)electrolyte
G)glucocorticoid
H)glycemia
I)glycosuria
J)homeostasis
K)hypokalemia
L)hyponatremia
M)hypothalamus
N)oxytocin
O)pancreatectomy
P)parathyroidectomy
Q)polydipsia
R)progesterone
S)tetraiodothyronine
T)vasopressin

Question 69

Match the terms with their correct meanings:
Hormone derived from an amino acid and secreted by the adrenal medulla; epinephrine is an example

A)adenohypophysis
B)adrenocorticotropin
C)aldosterone
D)calcitonin
E)catecholamine
F)electrolyte
G)glucocorticoid
H)glycemia
I)glycosuria
J)homeostasis
K)hypokalemia
L)hyponatremia
M)hypothalamus
N)oxytocin
O)pancreatectomy
P)parathyroidectomy
Q)polydipsia
R)progesterone
S)tetraiodothyronine
T)vasopressin

Question 70

Match the terms with their correct meanings:
Hormone secreted by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland; stimulates the adrenal cortex

A)adenohypophysis
B)adrenocorticotropin
C)aldosterone
D)calcitonin
E)catecholamine
F)electrolyte
G)glucocorticoid
H)glycemia
I)glycosuria
J)homeostasis
K)hypokalemia
L)hyponatremia
M)hypothalamus
N)oxytocin
O)pancreatectomy
P)parathyroidectomy
Q)polydipsia
R)progesterone
S)tetraiodothyronine
T)vasopressin

Question 71

Match the terms with their correct meanings:
Test that measures levels of sugar in the blood

A)acromegaly
B)Addison disease
C)cretinism
D)Cushing syndrome
E)diabetes insipidus
F)diabetes mellitus
G)exophthalmos
H)glucose tolerance test
I)goiter
J)hirsutism
K)ketoacidosis
L)myxedema
M)pheochromocytoma
N)radioimmunoassay
O)tetany
P)thyroid carcinoma
Q)thyroid scan
R)thyrotoxicosis

Question 72

Match the terms with their correct meanings:
Hormone secreted by the ovaries

A)adenohypophysis
B)adrenocorticotropin
C)aldosterone
D)calcitonin
E)catecholamine
F)electrolyte
G)glucocorticoid
H)glycemia
I)glycosuria
J)homeostasis
K)hypokalemia
L)hyponatremia
M)hypothalamus
N)oxytocin
O)pancreatectomy
P)parathyroidectomy
Q)polydipsia
R)progesterone
S)tetraiodothyronine
T)vasopressin

Question 73

Match the terms with their correct meanings:
Blood condition of deficient sodium

A)adenohypophysis
B)adrenocorticotropin
C)aldosterone
D)calcitonin
E)catecholamine
F)electrolyte
G)glucocorticoid
H)glycemia
I)glycosuria
J)homeostasis
K)hypokalemia
L)hyponatremia
M)hypothalamus
N)oxytocin
O)pancreatectomy
P)parathyroidectomy
Q)polydipsia
R)progesterone
S)tetraiodothyronine
T)vasopressin

Question 74

Match the terms with their correct meanings:
Enlargement of extremities caused by excessive growth hormone after puberty

A)acromegaly
B)Addison disease
C)cretinism
D)Cushing syndrome
E)diabetes insipidus
F)diabetes mellitus
G)exophthalmos
H)glucose tolerance test
I)goiter
J)hirsutism
K)ketoacidosis
L)myxedema
M)pheochromocytoma
N)radioimmunoassay
O)tetany
P)thyroid carcinoma
Q)thyroid scan
R)thyrotoxicosis

Question 75

Match the terms with their correct meanings:
Test that measures hormone levels in plasma

A)acromegaly
B)Addison disease
C)cretinism
D)Cushing syndrome
E)diabetes insipidus
F)diabetes mellitus
G)exophthalmos
H)glucose tolerance test
I)goiter
J)hirsutism
K)ketoacidosis
L)myxedema
M)pheochromocytoma
N)radioimmunoassay
O)tetany
P)thyroid carcinoma
Q)thyroid scan
R)thyrotoxicosis

Question 76

Match the terms with their correct meanings:
Sugar present in the urine

A)adenohypophysis
B)adrenocorticotropin
C)aldosterone
D)calcitonin
E)catecholamine
F)electrolyte
G)glucocorticoid
H)glycemia
I)glycosuria
J)homeostasis
K)hypokalemia
L)hyponatremia
M)hypothalamus
N)oxytocin
O)pancreatectomy
P)parathyroidectomy
Q)polydipsia
R)progesterone
S)tetraiodothyronine
T)vasopressin

Question 77

Match the terms with their correct meanings:
Tendency of an organism to maintain a constant internal environment

A)adenohypophysis
B)adrenocorticotropin
C)aldosterone
D)calcitonin
E)catecholamine
F)electrolyte
G)glucocorticoid
H)glycemia
I)glycosuria
J)homeostasis
K)hypokalemia
L)hyponatremia
M)hypothalamus
N)oxytocin
O)pancreatectomy
P)parathyroidectomy
Q)polydipsia
R)progesterone
S)tetraiodothyronine
T)vasopressin

Question 78

Match the terms with their correct meanings:
Insufficient secretion of antidiuretic hormone produces this condition

A)acromegaly
B)Addison disease
C)cretinism
D)Cushing syndrome
E)diabetes insipidus
F)diabetes mellitus
G)exophthalmos
H)glucose tolerance test
I)goiter
J)hirsutism
K)ketoacidosis
L)myxedema
M)pheochromocytoma
N)radioimmunoassay
O)tetany
P)thyroid carcinoma
Q)thyroid scan
R)thyrotoxicosis

Question 79

Match the terms with their correct meanings:
Type of hormone secreted by the adrenal cortex; necessary for the use of sugars, fats, and proteins

A)adenohypophysis
B)adrenocorticotropin
C)aldosterone
D)calcitonin
E)catecholamine
F)electrolyte
G)glucocorticoid
H)glycemia
I)glycosuria
J)homeostasis
K)hypokalemia
L)hyponatremia
M)hypothalamus
N)oxytocin
O)pancreatectomy
P)parathyroidectomy
Q)polydipsia
R)progesterone
S)tetraiodothyronine
T)vasopressin

Question 80

Match the terms with their correct meanings:
Blood condition of deficient potassium

A)adenohypophysis
B)adrenocorticotropin
C)aldosterone
D)calcitonin
E)catecholamine
F)electrolyte
G)glucocorticoid
H)glycemia
I)glycosuria
J)homeostasis
K)hypokalemia
L)hyponatremia
M)hypothalamus
N)oxytocin
O)pancreatectomy
P)parathyroidectomy
Q)polydipsia
R)progesterone
S)tetraiodothyronine
T)vasopressin